Urban mobility problems are rapidly turning into an urban mobility crisis.
ICT offers enormous capabilities, but most are vastly underutilized in urban transportation.
Public- and private-sector organizations must partner in adopting a vision for the sustainable city of the future where transportation continues to play a key role in enabling mobility—yet is dramatically transformed by innovative ICT.
Presentation argues that vehicle miles of travel (VMT) is the key measure of transportation sustainability. Urbanized areas the size of San Antonio have reduced VMT per capita by building light rail systems and compact growth. It is recommended that San Antonio significantly increase transit funding, reduce impervious cover for parking, built light rail and manage growth.
Based on the mandate given in SDG 11, calling for promoting an affordable and sustainable transport, globally all nations are trying to come out with an agenda and a vision for achieving carbon neutrality. Nations must make commitment to promote emissions-free mobility as a fundamental human right; doing the best things for humanity and society to lead towards a better and sustainable future and proactively promoting a paradigm shift towards electrification and creating a hydrogen based society for bringing sustainability. Sustainable transport is known for its distinct and numerous social and economic benefits for the communities, cities, environment and ecology. Studies made and analysis carried out has concluded that; Sustainable transport can help create large number of jobs; improve commuter safety through investment in bicycle lanes; reduce use of fossil fuel ; minimize pollution and congestion, making cities walkable; and making access to employment and social opportunities more affordable and efficient besides decarbonizing cities and making urban settlements more livable and sustainable. Sustainable transportation offers a practical opportunity and simple method of saving people's time, improving people’s health increasing household income and making cities great places for happy, healthy and more productive living besides making investment in sustainable transport, a 'win-win' option and opportunity for all stake holders.’ Decarbonizing, Carbon Neutrality and Zero-Carbon must remain the prime agenda to redefine, promote and achieve the sustainable transportation in urban areas and to achieve the mandate/goals given in SDG11. Planet earth looks at how nations can minimize travel and make it sustainable for making human settlements more peaceful and livable.
Presentation argues that vehicle miles of travel (VMT) is the key measure of transportation sustainability. Urbanized areas the size of San Antonio have reduced VMT per capita by building light rail systems and compact growth. It is recommended that San Antonio significantly increase transit funding, reduce impervious cover for parking, built light rail and manage growth.
Based on the mandate given in SDG 11, calling for promoting an affordable and sustainable transport, globally all nations are trying to come out with an agenda and a vision for achieving carbon neutrality. Nations must make commitment to promote emissions-free mobility as a fundamental human right; doing the best things for humanity and society to lead towards a better and sustainable future and proactively promoting a paradigm shift towards electrification and creating a hydrogen based society for bringing sustainability. Sustainable transport is known for its distinct and numerous social and economic benefits for the communities, cities, environment and ecology. Studies made and analysis carried out has concluded that; Sustainable transport can help create large number of jobs; improve commuter safety through investment in bicycle lanes; reduce use of fossil fuel ; minimize pollution and congestion, making cities walkable; and making access to employment and social opportunities more affordable and efficient besides decarbonizing cities and making urban settlements more livable and sustainable. Sustainable transportation offers a practical opportunity and simple method of saving people's time, improving people’s health increasing household income and making cities great places for happy, healthy and more productive living besides making investment in sustainable transport, a 'win-win' option and opportunity for all stake holders.’ Decarbonizing, Carbon Neutrality and Zero-Carbon must remain the prime agenda to redefine, promote and achieve the sustainable transportation in urban areas and to achieve the mandate/goals given in SDG11. Planet earth looks at how nations can minimize travel and make it sustainable for making human settlements more peaceful and livable.
Sustainable Transport Best Practices andBarry Wellar
The 2007 Fleming Lecture begins with a brief review of Canada’s progress in achieving core element standing for geographic factors in sustainable transport best practices. This part of the paper grounds sustainable transport in metropolitan regions, and then establishes the essential role of geographic factors in the sustainability of transport systems in Canada, and particularly in its metropolitan transportation systems. With that foundation in place, the paper then presents findings that reveal the extremely limited implementation of nine sustainable transport best practices in Canada’s metropolitan regions, and the consequent lack of regard for geographic factors in matters related to achieving sustainable transport practices.
Sustainable Transportation in MelbourneESD UNU-IAS
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Presented by Mr. Joseph Strzempka, Mr. Esteban Velez Vega, and Ms. Hao Yin
2018 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
12-16 November, 2018
A presentation by Mr Neil Frost (CEO: iSAHA International), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Sustainable Transport" on 6 August 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg's Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies (Africa), or ITLS (Africa). The theme of the presentation was: "Sustainable Integrated Transport".
Making cities more competitive the economic case for public transportTristan Wiggill
A presentation by Adv Alma Nel (Director: Legal and Policy Research: Gauteng Provincial Government) at the Transport Forum Month of Transport Celebrations 1 October 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme for the event was: "Trends in Policy Development for Transport" and the topic for the presentation was: "Making cities more competitive The Economic Case for Public Transport."
More like this on www.transportworldafrica.co.za
Sustainable Urban Energy, a Sourcebook addressing sustainable urban energy solutions from
a system’s perspective, as a three-step process - energy conservation, energy efficiency and
renewable energy.
The Role of Renewable Energy in Moving Towards Sustainable TransportationAbdulrazaq Abdulkareem
An analysis of the future of renewable energy; what are the costs, benefits and future prospects for countries moving away from conventional sources of energy in their transportation sector to renewable sources of energy.
Ppp for solving public transport woes in indiaAmit Jain
The public transport in most of the cities are dependent on buses, auto rikshaws, cycle rikshaws which are not able to meet the demand, prone to accidents, delays & traffic jams. The cities need to create an efficient and affordable public transport services. The private sector may be invited through PPP to develop an integrated public transport system in a city. The private sector may charge an appropriate user fee (fare) from the users and earn revenue from commercial activities like advertising, renting & leasing of commercial spaces etc to cover his capital and recurring cost.
Diane Gray, President and CEO, CentrePort Canada, Inc., spoke during the CEC's Joint Public Advisory Committee's round table on sustainable transportation on July 10, 2013. More info. at http://cec.org/council2013
Esta presentación de WUF7 es sobre necesidad de crear más acceso a de transporte digno y mejores condiciones de vida para personas a población.Muestra la situación actual en muchos aspectos difíciles de manejar, que se pueden solucionar con pequeños esfuerzos.
This WUF7 presentation is about the necessity to create a better access to a better transport and life conditions for the poor. Showing the acual situation for difficult in some aspects which are difficult to manage.
Lugar: Medellín
Evento: Wuf7
Fecha: Abril de 2014
From Ateneo School of Government/Rockefeller Foundation's "Catalyzing Inclusive Mobility: A Case of Metro Manila" Project to a newly formed Inclusive Mobility Network with members of multi-disciplinary backgrounds -- championing the voiceless poor, the marginalized and the vulnerable.
The journey towards liveable, accessible cities continues. We pray we endure, add value and fight for what is truly, genuinely good for all.
Sustainable Transport Best Practices andBarry Wellar
The 2007 Fleming Lecture begins with a brief review of Canada’s progress in achieving core element standing for geographic factors in sustainable transport best practices. This part of the paper grounds sustainable transport in metropolitan regions, and then establishes the essential role of geographic factors in the sustainability of transport systems in Canada, and particularly in its metropolitan transportation systems. With that foundation in place, the paper then presents findings that reveal the extremely limited implementation of nine sustainable transport best practices in Canada’s metropolitan regions, and the consequent lack of regard for geographic factors in matters related to achieving sustainable transport practices.
Sustainable Transportation in MelbourneESD UNU-IAS
Sustainable Transportation in Melbourne
Presented by Mr. Joseph Strzempka, Mr. Esteban Velez Vega, and Ms. Hao Yin
2018 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
12-16 November, 2018
A presentation by Mr Neil Frost (CEO: iSAHA International), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Sustainable Transport" on 6 August 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg's Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies (Africa), or ITLS (Africa). The theme of the presentation was: "Sustainable Integrated Transport".
Making cities more competitive the economic case for public transportTristan Wiggill
A presentation by Adv Alma Nel (Director: Legal and Policy Research: Gauteng Provincial Government) at the Transport Forum Month of Transport Celebrations 1 October 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme for the event was: "Trends in Policy Development for Transport" and the topic for the presentation was: "Making cities more competitive The Economic Case for Public Transport."
More like this on www.transportworldafrica.co.za
Sustainable Urban Energy, a Sourcebook addressing sustainable urban energy solutions from
a system’s perspective, as a three-step process - energy conservation, energy efficiency and
renewable energy.
The Role of Renewable Energy in Moving Towards Sustainable TransportationAbdulrazaq Abdulkareem
An analysis of the future of renewable energy; what are the costs, benefits and future prospects for countries moving away from conventional sources of energy in their transportation sector to renewable sources of energy.
Ppp for solving public transport woes in indiaAmit Jain
The public transport in most of the cities are dependent on buses, auto rikshaws, cycle rikshaws which are not able to meet the demand, prone to accidents, delays & traffic jams. The cities need to create an efficient and affordable public transport services. The private sector may be invited through PPP to develop an integrated public transport system in a city. The private sector may charge an appropriate user fee (fare) from the users and earn revenue from commercial activities like advertising, renting & leasing of commercial spaces etc to cover his capital and recurring cost.
Diane Gray, President and CEO, CentrePort Canada, Inc., spoke during the CEC's Joint Public Advisory Committee's round table on sustainable transportation on July 10, 2013. More info. at http://cec.org/council2013
Esta presentación de WUF7 es sobre necesidad de crear más acceso a de transporte digno y mejores condiciones de vida para personas a población.Muestra la situación actual en muchos aspectos difíciles de manejar, que se pueden solucionar con pequeños esfuerzos.
This WUF7 presentation is about the necessity to create a better access to a better transport and life conditions for the poor. Showing the acual situation for difficult in some aspects which are difficult to manage.
Lugar: Medellín
Evento: Wuf7
Fecha: Abril de 2014
From Ateneo School of Government/Rockefeller Foundation's "Catalyzing Inclusive Mobility: A Case of Metro Manila" Project to a newly formed Inclusive Mobility Network with members of multi-disciplinary backgrounds -- championing the voiceless poor, the marginalized and the vulnerable.
The journey towards liveable, accessible cities continues. We pray we endure, add value and fight for what is truly, genuinely good for all.
Leading cities are using technology to evolve their transport systems from single modes to integrated ones, improve transport services and provide an improved value proposition to customers.
Smart Transportation for a Smarter Planet: Innovation with Today's ChallengesIBMTransportation
Globalization, urbanization, population growth and technological innovation. Each of these challenges push today's transportation providers to be innovative. IBM can help build a smarter planet with smarter transportation.
Urban EcoMap provides urban communities with relevant data regarding the primary GHG contributors—transportation, waste, and energy. Building awareness, fostering a sense of community connection and responsibility, and providing actions for citizens to take will enable the reduction of GHG in cities. In addition, it will support decision-making for policymakers and business organizations, as well as for urban design, development and operations, and the research of urban, earth, and social scientists.
Begun in fall 2008, the pilot project is a collaborative effort involving Cisco IBSG—the global strategic consulting arm of Cisco—and San Francisco’s Department of the Environment (SF Environment). The organizations are jointly applying an urban services platform approach toward which visionary cities and the ICT industry are moving.
Urban EcoMap is a landmark innovation and a key element of the Connected Urban Development program’s Connected and Sustainable Cities framework. San Francisco is the first city worldwide to launch Urban EcoMap, introduced on May 21st 2009.
Connected and Sustainable ICT Infrastructure WhitepaperShane Mitchell
In the policies and plans for sustainability and eco-responsibility in cities, much attention has been directed to three sectors: the built environment, energy, and mobility.
At the beginning of the 21st century, it became obvious that a fourth, equally important element must be addressed: ICT.
To manage ICT effectively, cities need a common framework for data and performance, and a set of solutions for urban sustainability.
EIP Water Action Group City Blueprints September 2013EIP Water
The City Blueprint for Water is a baseline assessment of the sustainability of water management in a city (or other dominantly urban region). The result allows a city to quickly understand how advanced it is in sustainable water management and enables it to compare its status with other leading cities.
This project is one of nine Action Groups selected by the European Commission as an initial EIP Water Action Group.
Sixteen cities/regions have participated so far (August 2013) and many others are being approached. This is an opportunity to take part in a new and innovative programme to help improve city-level water stewardship, in the spirit of smart and sustainable cities.
The basic output is a simple radar chart as shown in the example from Melbourne at the top of this page. The chart provides a quick visual representation of the city’s water stewardship status, and is a tool for easy comparison between cities. It covers 24 key water-related subject areas, such as water footprint, water scarcity, water quality, drinking water availability and wastewater management.
A City Blueprint is just the first step on a journey of communication and cooperation between cities. A key intention is to encourage cities to share their best practices with others, and for all to improve. A website will be developed to facilitate this. All cities are different. Some are advanced in a few or many subject areas. Some have much work to do. The aim is not to highlight failings, but instead to help a city identify areas of focus for improvement, and to learn from the best practices of others, as well as demonstrating and sharing their own best practices.
Imagine a world in which people and goods can move with minimum impact on the local environment and climate. Imagine an intelligent transport system with smart infrastructure and smart, connected vehicles powered predominantly by renewable energy, and with enlightened end-users: private individuals and enterprises. Imagine a system that is actually based on user demand. That is what we would like to see.
To put mobility and transport on the track to sustainability, we have to improve energy efficiency, switch to renewable energy and more efficient modes of mobility, and, most importantly, increase smartness at all levels of the system. In practice, the last point means smart and efficient mobility services, cooperative systems, and intelligent vehicles and infrastructure.
VTT has a toolbox and the expertise to tackle all the key challenges of smart low-carbon mobility. And, to really make an impact, we are cooperating with all the key stakeholders in the field. Let us re-invent mobility and co-create a better future together!
Many cities are attempting to reduce congestion through innovative transport policies and projects. This report explores the challenges city leaders face in choosing the right combination of solutions to address their short- and long-term urban mobility challenges. It aims to provide direction on how city leaders can navigate through these challenges and how they can work together with community groups and the private sector to transform their cities for the future.
Future of transport Insights from Discussions Building on an Initial Perspe...Future Agenda
The initial perspective on the Future of Transport kicked off the Future Agenda 2.0 global discussions taking place through 2015. This summary builds on the initial view and is updated as we progress the futureagenda2.0 programme. www.futureagenda.org
GLOBAL VIEW OF A VIBRANT WORLD 360° THE ISSUE Urbanisation FACE TO FACEAdhitya Arjanggi
AN URBAN PLANET:The sustainable city challenge
CITY LIVING: Creating vibrant sustainable cities SECURING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOME FOR ALL FOREVER:Water resource management on an urban planet
TRANSFORMING TRANSPORT: The 21st century urban challenge
URBAN ENERGIES RESOURCES DEMAND AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS A 360° face to face interview BUILDING A LEGACY Creating an agile global culture of inventiveness, safety and sustainability
NEW SKILLS MAKE THE SUSTAINABLE DIFFERENCE INSPIRATIONAL ENGINEERING CAPTURING THE VISION
Future of transport An initial perspective - Professor Glenn Lyons, UWE, Br...Future Agenda
An initial perspective on the future of transport by Professor Glenn Lyons, Professor of Transport and Society at UWE Bristol. This is the starting point for the global future agenda discussions taking place through 2015 as part of the the futureagenda2.0 programme. www.futureagenda.org
Similar to Connected and Sustainable Mobility Whitepaper (20)
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
1. White Paper
Connected and Sustainable Mobility
Written specifically for
Connected Urban Development
Global Conference 2008—Amsterdam
Authors
Jayes Kim
Tony Kim
Todd Litman
JD Stanley
Val Stoyanov
Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group
2.
3. White Paper
Connected and Sustainable Mobility
About Connected Urban Development
Connected Urban Development (CUD) is a public-private partnership program focused
on innovative use of information and communications technology (ICT) to make knowl-
edge, people, traffic, and energy flow more efficiently. This increased efficiency enhances
how people experience urban life, streamlines the management of cities, and decreases
the urban environmental footprint.
The main success elements of the program are:
• Measuring CO2 emissions reduction resulting from operational implementation
of CUD projects within cities.
• Demonstrating the positive impact of ICT and broadband connectivity on climate
change.
• Developing relevant thought leadership and replicable methodologies allowing
CUD partner cities to learn from each other and share their experiences and best
practices with cities around the world.
The initial scope of the program includes five primary areas of focus:
• Connected and Sustainable Work
• Connected and Sustainable Mobility
• Connected and Sustainable Energy
• Connected and Sustainable Buildings
• Connected and Sustainable ICT Infrastructure
Context
Urban mobility problems are rapidly turning into an urban mobility crisis. As cities
become larger, traffic congestion and accidents, energy consumption, carbon emis-
sions, and other forms of pollution are increasing, imposing huge costs on local and
global economies and impacting citizens’ quality of life and the environment.
Although the effects on local communities are obvious and immediate, the long-term
consequences of climate change will, indeed, be severe. A 2006 report on climate
change, by Nicholas Stern, states, “Climate change threatens the basic elements of life
for people around the world—access to water, food production, health, and use of land
and the environment.”1 The report proposes that increased risk of floods, decreased crop
yields, degraded biological ecosystems, and loss of land due to rising sea levels, among
other things, would lead to a long-term decline in gross domestic product on the order of
5 percent to10 percent. Transportation and related congestion play an enormous role in
this regard. According to data from the World Resources Institute, 14 percent of green-
house gases are caused by transportation activities.
1. The Stern Review Report on the Economics of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
1
4. White Paper
The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change2
points to an alarming increase in disastrous weather conditions, including hurricanes,
droughts, and heavy precipitation, as a result of changes in the climate attributable to
human activities.
Recent analysis from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
shows that by 2030, 60 percent of the world’s population will live in large urban centers.3
Globalization and economic development accelerate these trends. Our societies and
cities face unprecedented challenges.
ICT offers enormous capabilities, but most are vastly underutilized in urban transporta-
tion. This paradigm has not changed sufficiently enough to allow many cost-effective
solutions to be applied. Many current transportation policies and practices still favor
automobile travel over efficient alternatives such as taking public transportation, walking,
or cycling. We lack a holistic view and an integrated approach to transportation and land-
use planning that takes into account the full benefits of technological connectedness.
Public- and private-sector organizations must partner in adopting a vision for the sus-
tainable city of the future where transportation continues to play a key role in enabling
mobility—yet is dramatically transformed by innovative ICT. Furthermore, these organi-
zations must support smart urban mobility initiatives and develop technological road-
maps for implementing solutions; roadmaps must have an aggressive timeline aimed at
delivering dramatic improvements in urban transportation system performance.
Key Principles
Connected and Sustainable Mobility—allowing people and goods to move freely and
safely while respecting the environment—is one aspect of CUD that is crucial both for
our economic vitality and for our quality of life. In today’s knowledge-based society,
people often require mobility to gather information or collaborate with others. In the
CUD approach, moving information to people and conducting virtual collaboration are
increasingly possible. Public policy and urban planning, however, lag dramatically in
this area.
ICT offers tremendous potential for improving the efficiency of transportation systems.
The London-based Forum for the Future stipulates in a 2006 paper4 on transportation,
“Despite barriers that exist, there are a growing number of opportunities to move ICT
higher up the transport policy agenda. Governments must take the lead in committing to
developing and using a sound evidence base and taking a more holistic approach to cre-
ating transportation policies that will result in a transport policy framework where ICT can
be seen as a mode of transport, with all the social, economic, and environmental benefits
that follow.”
2. “Climate Change 2007,” the Fourth Assessment Report. (AR4), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports).
3. Energy Statistics Yearbook, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, 2005 (www.un.org/esa/desa/).
4. “ICT as a Mode of Transport,” Forum for the Future, 2006.
2
5. White Paper
There are many possible ways to use existing and evolving ICT to help solve urban
transportation problems, but we need supportive policies, regulatory practices, and
aggressive execution to take advantage of these opportunities.
Solutions
Strategic Approach
There are good examples of partial solutions that address specific local or modal issues.
A strategic set of solutions takes into account all economic, social, and environmental
impacts, including those that are indirect, not marketable, or long-term.
Integrated Solutions Approach
Although individual solutions may appear to impact urban mobility modestly, their
combined benefits can be substantial. Therefore, an integrated approach is required to
support a combination of mobility solutions systematically and make use of the dramatic
changes that have occurred in the proliferation of ubiquitous connectivity. An example
of this could be a particular program that includes improving public transit services
and establishing pricing schemes for road use and parking fees, providing users more
travel options and incentives. A strategic approach to a successful urban transportation
system is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Integrated Approach for Connected and Sustainable Mobility
Smart Transportation Pricing
Areawide, Time-, and Location-based
Flexible Road Pricing for Congestion
Reduction and Modal Shift Encouragement
• Pay-as-you-drive Congestion Charging
• Dynamic Congestion Routing and Parking Management
Mobility
Smart Work Center Managment Connected Public Transit
Enhance the Use of ICT to Passenger Service
Reduce Physical Travel Improvement with
Mobility Strategic Approach Mobility Ubiquitous Connectivity
• Mobile Working/Learning Substitute for Connected and Alternatives
Enhancement Using Sustainable Mobility • Personalized Travel
Advanced Collaboration Experience
Tools • Real-time Schedules
Mobility
• Neighborhood Work and Unifed Mobility Account
Managment
Centers and Connected • Reverse-modal Shift
Transportation Centers Avoidance to Private Cars
Personal Travel Assistant
Informed Decision Making on Day-to-Day
“Travel Moments”
• Travel Planning with Rich Alternatives
• Personal Carbon Calculators
• Enhanced Citizen Engagement
Source: Cisco IBSG Connected Urban Development, 2008.
3
6. White Paper
Integrating a comprehensive solutions portfolio around options, incentives, encourage-
ment, enforcement, and compliance enables a city to put more power of choice into
citizens’ hands, as well as improve municipal human and asset capital management.
Smart Transportation Pricing
Smart transportation pricing provides cities with intelligence and flexible tools to man-
age transportation demand in urban areas. It enables cities to charge intelligent fees for
road use and communicate transportation-related information in real time, taking advan-
tage of global positing systems (GPS) and wireless communications technology.
Smart transportation pricing requires several key capabilities to be successful:
• Effective mobile communications infrastructure to exchange data in real time.
• GPS to locate commercial vehicles for obtaining accurate data about time, itinerary,
and distance. City government can use the data to design or revise road-use
pricing schemes.
• Wireless communications technology to enable commercial vehicles to exchange
critical information associated with smart transportation with city operations centers
in real time.
• Flexible road-use pricing schemes that combine a pricing tool with a standard
electronic city map.
• Integrated transportation services payment systems for drivers. Knowing the total
cost of transportation, including road tolls and parking, is important for drivers to
make the right decision about their travel methods. Also, users can conveniently
pay for transportation services through a universal mobility account, which is an
integrated payment system.
Benefits
Problems related to traffic congestion typically represent 5 percent to 15 percent of total
vehicle travel. Charging for road use, however, does little to solve this problem. Smart
transportation pricing—which includes a pay-as-you-drive pricing model—applies to a
larger portion of total vehicle travel. Not only does smart transportation pricing reduce
traffic congestion by charging for road use, it also disperses and optimizes traffic flow,
reducing traffic delays, accidents, energy consumption, and carbon emissions.
When integrated with other pricing reforms, parking, or public transit systems, smart
transportation pricing can provide more benefits because it requires lower transaction
costs and affects a greater share of total vehicle travel.
4
7. White Paper
Smart Work Center
The smart work center is an intelligent neighborhood work center that facilitates “ubiqui-
tous working” by:
• Enhancing the use of advanced ICT-based communication tools to reduce physical
travel such as commuting and business trips.
• Improving the productivity of mobile and home workers by providing full business
support, including conference rooms, shared office equipment, and various services
such as bank, catering, child care, and legal.
• Changing mobility patterns by providing citizens with an accessible, secure,
convenient, and shared mobile-working infrastructure.
A detailed discussion of smart work centers is beyond the scope of this paper and is
explored in detail in the CUD white paper “Connected and Sustainable Work.”
Personal Travel Assistant
Personal Travel Assistant, a service developed by Cisco with input from the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology (MIT), improves the transit experience within urban environ-
ments. PTA enables cities to provide users with travel information in a convenient format
through various service channels, including transit stations and vehicles, websites, and
mobile devices such as PDAs. It can incorporate various smart travel assistant features
that provide intelligent and dynamic guidance based on user profile and context (condi-
tions of a particular travel corridor at a particular time) using real-time information.
Table 1 details potential features of PTA. To the degree that PTA increases the con-
venience of these travel options, mobility substitutes, or travel incentives, it can help
reduce total motor vehicle travel, thereby increasing sustainability of urban mobility.
Table 1. Features of Personal Travel Assistant
Feature Description
Route and schedule information Provides public transportation (bus, train, ferry, etc.) route maps and
schedule information using easy search features.
Automated reservations Provides automated services for reserving public transportation,
parking, and neighborhood workstations.
Current travel conditions, alerts, Offers real-time information on roadway, parking, and transit condi-
and avoidance tions; provides alerts when special problems develop on intended
routes and recommends alternatives.
Travel optimization Optimizes travel planning to minimize time and transportation/envi-
ronmental costs based on user profile and context.
Transit vehicle arrival Provides real-time information on when the next transit vehicle will
arrive at a stop or station.
Mapping and guidance Offers information about nearby parking (automobile and bicycle),
public transportation stops/stations, and destinations.
5
8. White Paper
Feature Description
Real-time location information Uses electronic maps to tell individuals where they are and the
location of friends and colleagues (with their permission); provides
a record of travel activity.
Meeting and travel coordination Coordinates meeting and travel schedules among people.
Rideshare matching Helps friends, colleagues, and strangers identify ride-share opportu-
nities for personal and work travel.
Integrated payment systems Integrates public transit, taxi, parking, road pricing, and related
services; accommodates variable rates such as off-peak hours
and frequent-user discounts.
Security features Provides a “panic button” emergency alarm that makes a loud noise,
automatically sending an alert to nearby security officers/police.
User travel analysis Informs users of their travel activity in kilometers/miles, costs, and
impacts (energy use, CO2 emissions).
System analysis Provides information on when, where, and how people travel to
facilitate transportation planning.
Source: Cisco IBSG Connected Urban Development and Victoria Transport Policy Institute, 2007.
Implementation
PTA implementation will require development of various information standards,
coordinated planning among telecommunications providers (who will sell the devices
and services), and support and input from various partners—such as transit agencies,
parking facility managers, and vehicle manufacturers. It will also require marketing
programs and incentives to maximize penetration of the technology.
Benefits
PTA represents a new way for citizens in urban areas to balance their work and personal
lives. Citizens have more alternatives from which to make informed decisions about
their daily travel, whether for commuting, attending offsite meetings, and/or engaging
in personal endeavors. Beyond travel, PTA offers citizens and employers more flexibility
in their daily work environment by providing smart working options throughout urban
areas. By offering eco-friendly mobility solutions, PTA helps citizens reduce their
carbon footprints.
Furthermore, PTA enables city leaders and agencies to predict, respond to, and admin-
ister the urban economy, environment, and transportation system using functions that
help manage events during peak transportation times. Having a greater understanding
of how citizens use transportation systems in their daily lives will enable cities to plan
better and create city-to-citizen engagements.
6
9. White Paper
Connected Public Transit
Connected Public Transit (CPT) is a set of information services that improves passen-
gers’ experience through ubiquitous connectivity. CPT is intended to make public transit
convenient, comfortable, efficient, affordable, and reliable. It can incorporate various
“smart traveler” features that provide dynamic (changeable) guidance based on user
profiles and context using real-time information. Some CPT features will integrate with
PTA services that use handheld devices and public monitors located at transit stops and
on transit vehicles to provide information to users.
Table 2 describes CPT features; most provide information and services directly to
passengers. A few (such as transit priority, improved utilization analysis, and vehicle
performance monitoring) improve transit operations.
Table 2. Features of Connected Public Transit
Feature Description
Current transit conditions, alerts, Provides real-time information on transit conditions (crowding and
and avoidance delays), creates alerts when problems develop on intended routes,
and makes recommendations for avoiding such problems.
Trip optimization Optimizes travel planning guidance to minimize time and transporta-
tion/environmental costs.
Transit vehicle arrival Provides real-time information on when the next transit vehicle will
arrive at a stop or station.
Park and ride Provides information to motorists on the location and availability of
park-and-ride facilities and details on traffic flow.
Mapping and guidance Provides destination information at nearby public transportation
stops/stations or from home via a web browser.
Integrated payment systems Integrates payment for public transit (including multiple agencies),
taxi, and related services; accommodates variable rates and
special discounts.
On-board wireless Allows passengers to access the Internet.
On-board work and entertainment Incorporates fold-down work tables, reading lights, electric plugs,
stations and refreshments entertainment systems, and refreshments similar to first-class
airline services.
Interactive monitors Provides computer monitors with interactive features strategically lo-
cated at transit stops and in transit vehicles, allowing users to access
value-added transit and location information.
Utilization analysis Collects information on when, where, and how people travel; collects
data on payment practices to facilitate transportation planning.
Transit priority Prioritizes traffic signal controls.
Automatic vehicle Collects information on bus performance such as driving profile,
performance monitoring on-time reliability, and number of passengers.
Source: Cisco IBSG Connected Urban Development, 2007.
7
10. White Paper
Low-income travelers tend to depend on public transportation and are relatively price-
sensitive, while discretionary travelers (people who are able to choose between public
transportation and driving their cars) tend to be more sensitive to quality of service
factors such as convenience, comfort, and reliability.
Attracting discretionary travelers requires a CPT marketing approach that includes a
careful analysis of consumer needs and preferences, and development of products
and services that meet those requirements. Providing direct benefits to these travel-
ers can increase transportation system efficiency overall and encourage use of public
transportation, which increases revenue and reduces traffic and parking congestion,
roadway accidents, and air pollution.
Urban traffic congestion tends to maintain “equilibrium”; it gets bad enough at times
that people forego traveling during peak periods, travel at different times of the day, or
choose a different destination or transportation method. There is theoretical and empiri-
cal evidence that transit service quality is an important factor in determining the level
of congestion equilibrium. If service is poor, travelers will continue to drive even if con-
gestion is severe. If service is relatively good, travelers will be more willing to shift from
driving to taking public transportation. As a result, even motorists who never use public
transit can benefit from improvements in service quality.
Implementation
CPT implementation will require coordinated planning among various partners, includ-
ing transit agencies, local governments, and businesses. It will also require suitable
marketing and incentives to maximize penetration of the technology.
Benefits
CPT increases use of mobility options and reduces traffic congestion, road and parking
costs, accidents, and carbon emissions. If CPT services—such as The Connected Bus
currently in operation in San Francisco—encourage efficient travel, consumer behavior
will shift from driving automobiles to using different modes of transportation and mobility
substitutes. The benefits of CPT and the positive impact it has on travel, however, depend
on whether the concept contains a wide range of features for a particular system, and on
whether the features are easy to use, reliable, comfortable, secure, and affordable.
Combining an integrated solutions approach with ICT will revolutionize urban mobility,
making the flow of both information and physical transportation more sustainable. A pack-
aged approach also will enable cities to maximize investment and continuously improve
service quality to encourage the use of efficient transportation options, leading to a pro-
ductive and livable urban environment.
The cost to implement an integrated solutions framework for Connected and Sustain-
able Mobility includes developing the systems, purchasing the necessary equipment,
and accommodating additional transit passengers. Because such systems have high
8
11. White Paper
fixed costs, unit costs will decline and cost efficiency will increase with expanded scope
and use, including more features, service areas, and total users.
Impacts
Connected and Sustainable Mobility provides benefits for citizens, city governments,
and enterprises. For citizens, it improves quality of life, enabling them to make informed
decisions on day-to-day travel moments and eliminate unnecessary time spent on the
road.
For city governments, Connected and Sustainable Mobility enhances citizen engage-
ment, increases mindshare, improves the travel experience, reduces carbon emissions,
decreases demand for road capacity, and improves efficiency of asset/capital manage-
ment and use.
For both public- and private-sector organizations, Connected and Sustainable Mobility
helps improve worker productivity and enables businesses to compete, as well as pro-
viding relevant public services such as parking, shopping, and dining.
Connected and Sustainable Mobility, combined with an urbanwide connectivity plat-
form and broadband infrastructure, will revolutionize urban mobility, allowing cities to
provide transportation systems that move people, goods, and information efficiently. An
effective platform can:
• Ease transfers among different transportation modes, allowing people to choose
the most efficient mobility option for each trip.
• Provide tools and services that let people work, study, and shop from home or
other location.
• Offer efficient incentives and convenient payment methods for road and bridge
tolls, parking fees, and transit fares.
• Provide real-time transit information and personalized passenger guidance.
• Help cities develop smart tools that provide people with the information they need to
navigate through a city and make use of all their mobility options.
Implementation
Transportation professionals increasingly recognize the value of mobility management
strategies that improve system efficiency in urban environments. These strategies are
being applied in addition to, or instead of, supply-oriented solutions such as expanding
roads and parking facilities.
Connected and Sustainable Mobility provides an integrated set of new tools and services
to help cities deploy the best, new urban mobility ideas. Although most of these innova-
tions have been implemented somewhere, no city has brought them all together into
a functional network. Connected and Sustainable Mobility is helping cities build such
networks, piece by piece.
9
12. White Paper
Several critical factors are needed. The integrated solutions approach described earlier
is one. Urban mobility business and IT architecture, a new operating model, and intel-
ligent ICT infrastructure are three other essential ingredients.
Urban Mobility Business and IT Architecture
Connected urban environments present cities with an opportunity to develop plat-
forms for provisioning services to citizens, transportation agencies, and private-sector
stakeholders. As cities grow and change quickly, requirements for efficient traffic flows
and information services change just as rapidly. Globalization accelerates this trend. A
sustainable transportation system must be capable of being reused and adapted for
different requirements.
Connected and Sustainable Mobility uses a general-purpose, urbanwide platform
based on a standard architecture and open interface to improve reusability of its com-
ponents. This standard architecture will allow cities to manage the platform as it evolves
and adapt to rapidly changing demands and technology opportunities.
Figure 2 represents an example of a Connected Urban Mobility platform built on a
standard architecture.
Figure 2. Connected Urban Mobility Platform
Customer
Transit
Shipper Receiver
Authority
Logistics Passenger Department
of
Operator Transportation
Customer Focus
Airline
End-to-end Mega Processes Airport
Event-driven Response
Real-time Operation
Extended
Processes
Mobile Transportation
Assets Infrastructure
Sensing
Pervasive
Intelligence Analysis
Response
Ubiquitous
Connectivity
On-board • Wayside • Back-office
Source: Cisco IBSG, 2008.
10
13. White Paper
Extended processes integrate collaborative processes both inside and outside the
enterprise. Pervasive intelligence represents an intrinsic capability to convert input into
meaningful output. Ubiquitous connectivity is an innate capability for the exchange of
data, voice, and video, and for controlling information nearly anytime, anywhere.
An urbanwide connectivity platform improves scalability, reusability, and maintainability
throughout the system’s lifecycle. A standard architecture also supports enhanced inter-
connectivity for Connected and Sustainable Mobility by removing variable interfaces and
duplicate work, and by reducing inefficiency.
New Operating Model
Building an integrated solution usually involves interdisciplinary collaboration among
several sectors. Many urban transportation systems are operated by multiple opera-
tions centers in the public and private sectors. Securing interoperability among these
systems can be difficult and costly. In a complex operational environment, smart trans-
portation must be supported by a new operating model that provides greater benefits
with fewer costs.
Such a model requires a high level of intelligence through automation and event
management. An intelligent operations model will fully, or partly, automate smart
transportation processes—such as detecting when a car enters a charging zone,
collecting fees, and managing customer services—resulting in the need for fewer
operators. To accomplish this, most processes must be well-defined, simplified, and
standardized before being automated. Information systems that enable process
automation consist of an inference engine and knowledge base.
This operating model will also increase the productivity of operators by allowing them
to react efficiently to event-management cases and customer services. For example,
regulation infringement, illegal parking, and on-board system anomalies can be reported,
investigated, and handled effectively by predefined rules. Operators can benefit from a
rules-based engine for handling exceptions by categorizing the unexpected event easily
and escalating it to the right expert or group. Call centers can deal with service calls,
payments, and other issues associated with smart transportation by using accumulated
information such as known errors in a knowledge base.
Event-management applications combined with a smart transportation knowledge base
will help cities achieve predictable, reliable results that are generally regarded as basic
attributes of public transportation operations. The intelligent operations model will pro-
vide results that can be used as evidentiary records against civil appeals.
11
14. White Paper
Intelligent ICT Infrastructure
The urban transportation sector will benefit greatly from a citywide program that estab-
lishes a far-reaching broadband network and associated ecosystem to handle band-
width-intensive transportation solutions.
A sustainable transportation system should provide a seamless travel experience that is
efficient and predictable. Availability and accessibility of relevant, accurate, and timely
information for transportation users and operators are essential for using various ser-
vices effectively. Urban transportation information and services should be available via
the Internet, as well as through a mobile web service as part of a transportation system.
In this way, passengers and mobile devices become important parts of a connected
environment based on an ICT infrastructure.
In addition, an intelligent ICT infrastructure should provide pervasive sensing technol-
ogy, real-time visibility, the ability to monitor and control transportation facilities, and
mobile assets to manage complex transportation challenges and to improve the secu-
rity and safety of related systems. Intelligence and coordination are the foundation of
Connected and Sustainable Mobility. Open IP networks can form the underlying ICT
infrastructure that interconnects all technologies and mobile assets throughout urban
transportation.
Conclusion
The future belongs to efficient and innovative policies and technologies that can change
consumer behaviors significantly and automatically.
Certain policies and technologies can help cities balance their investments in transporta-
tion supply and demand management with clear vision, integrated planning, and better
use of ICT and process reform. They also can encourage citizens and communities to
get involved by providing feedback on their ideas, needs, and user experiences. Finally,
policies and technologies can be developed that focus on the impact of changes and
reforms on individuals and communities, finding better ways not only to connect people,
but also to improve the quality of urban life and the environment.
12