The document discusses the different types of English conditionals:
1) Zero conditional - for facts that are always true when the condition is met (e.g. if you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils)
2) First conditional - for real possibilities in the future using present tense in the condition and will in the result (e.g. if she gets good grades, she will go to university)
3) Second conditional - for unlikely present or future situations using past tense in the condition and would in the result (e.g. if I had more time, I would learn Italian)
4) Third conditional - for imaginary past situations using past perfect in the condition and
The document discusses the four main types of conditionals in English: zero, first, second, and third conditional.
The zero conditional refers to certainties using the present tense. The first conditional refers to real possibilities in the future using present for conditions and will for results. The second conditional refers to unlikely present or future possibilities using past tense conditions and would for results. The third conditional refers to imaginary past possibilities using past perfect conditions and would have for results.
The document discusses the present perfect simple tense in English. It provides examples of its use to express past experiences, recent past actions, unfinished states, and actions that began in the past and continue in the present. Key points include using the present perfect with words like "yet", "already", and "for" and "since" to indicate a period of time. The difference between using the past simple and present perfect is explained, with the past simple used for finished actions and the present perfect connecting the past to the present. Practice questions are provided to illustrate using each tense appropriately.
The document summarizes key points about English grammar structures, including:
1. The use of yet and already with the present perfect to ask or indicate if something has happened.
2. Using just with the present perfect to emphasize something happened recently.
3. Using to + infinitive or for + noun to answer why questions and give reasons.
4. Using should/shouldn't with an infinitive to give advice or express opinions.
5. Key points about phrasal verbs including object placement.
This document provides information about zero conditional sentences in English grammar. It begins by explaining that conditional sentences have two clauses: a conditional (if) clause and a main clause. A zero conditional expresses something that is always true when a certain condition occurs. It uses the present simple tense in both clauses since it refers to general truths and facts. Examples are provided like "If I eat too much, I get sick" and "Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees." The document outlines the basic structure of zero conditional sentences and discusses their uses, such as for rules, scientific facts, cause and effect, routines, and negatives. It also presents alternatives to "if" like "unless," "as long as," and "
This document provides information on verbs and the grammatical structures they can be followed by or select as complements. It discusses verbs that can be followed by infinitives or gerunds, verbs plus prepositions followed by gerunds, adjectives plus prepositions followed by gerunds, nouns plus prepositions followed by gerunds, adjectives followed by infinitives, and pronouns before gerunds or infinitives. It also provides examples for each grammatical structure and exercises for the reader to practice identifying the correct structures.
The document discusses different ways that verbs can function as complements in English sentences. It explains that verbs can be complemented by infinitives, gerunds, or noun clauses. It provides examples of verbs that can be complemented by infinitives using "to" and gerunds using "-ing." It also discusses how prepositions can be used with gerunds after nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Finally, it lists some common adjectives that can be complemented by infinitives. The document serves to outline the different structures verbs can take as complements in English.
The document provides a review for a French mid-term exam covering several grammar topics including the passé composé, l'imparfait, futur, conditionnel, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, and l'impératif. It begins by encouraging students to take notes and review past lessons. It then provides summaries and examples of how to conjugate and use these various verb tenses and grammar structures in 3 sentences or less per section.
- A gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, while an infinitive is "to" plus the base verb form. Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives can have very different meanings.
- For example, "forget" with a gerund refers to remembering a past action, while with an infinitive it refers to not doing something present or future. Similarly, "try" with a gerund means experimenting, while with an infinitive it means making an effort that may not succeed.
- It's important to consider the sequence of events - a gerund generally refers to a completed past action, while an infinitive
The document discusses the four main types of conditionals in English: zero, first, second, and third conditional.
The zero conditional refers to certainties using the present tense. The first conditional refers to real possibilities in the future using present for conditions and will for results. The second conditional refers to unlikely present or future possibilities using past tense conditions and would for results. The third conditional refers to imaginary past possibilities using past perfect conditions and would have for results.
The document discusses the present perfect simple tense in English. It provides examples of its use to express past experiences, recent past actions, unfinished states, and actions that began in the past and continue in the present. Key points include using the present perfect with words like "yet", "already", and "for" and "since" to indicate a period of time. The difference between using the past simple and present perfect is explained, with the past simple used for finished actions and the present perfect connecting the past to the present. Practice questions are provided to illustrate using each tense appropriately.
The document summarizes key points about English grammar structures, including:
1. The use of yet and already with the present perfect to ask or indicate if something has happened.
2. Using just with the present perfect to emphasize something happened recently.
3. Using to + infinitive or for + noun to answer why questions and give reasons.
4. Using should/shouldn't with an infinitive to give advice or express opinions.
5. Key points about phrasal verbs including object placement.
This document provides information about zero conditional sentences in English grammar. It begins by explaining that conditional sentences have two clauses: a conditional (if) clause and a main clause. A zero conditional expresses something that is always true when a certain condition occurs. It uses the present simple tense in both clauses since it refers to general truths and facts. Examples are provided like "If I eat too much, I get sick" and "Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees." The document outlines the basic structure of zero conditional sentences and discusses their uses, such as for rules, scientific facts, cause and effect, routines, and negatives. It also presents alternatives to "if" like "unless," "as long as," and "
This document provides information on verbs and the grammatical structures they can be followed by or select as complements. It discusses verbs that can be followed by infinitives or gerunds, verbs plus prepositions followed by gerunds, adjectives plus prepositions followed by gerunds, nouns plus prepositions followed by gerunds, adjectives followed by infinitives, and pronouns before gerunds or infinitives. It also provides examples for each grammatical structure and exercises for the reader to practice identifying the correct structures.
The document discusses different ways that verbs can function as complements in English sentences. It explains that verbs can be complemented by infinitives, gerunds, or noun clauses. It provides examples of verbs that can be complemented by infinitives using "to" and gerunds using "-ing." It also discusses how prepositions can be used with gerunds after nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Finally, it lists some common adjectives that can be complemented by infinitives. The document serves to outline the different structures verbs can take as complements in English.
The document provides a review for a French mid-term exam covering several grammar topics including the passé composé, l'imparfait, futur, conditionnel, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, and l'impératif. It begins by encouraging students to take notes and review past lessons. It then provides summaries and examples of how to conjugate and use these various verb tenses and grammar structures in 3 sentences or less per section.
- A gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, while an infinitive is "to" plus the base verb form. Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives can have very different meanings.
- For example, "forget" with a gerund refers to remembering a past action, while with an infinitive it refers to not doing something present or future. Similarly, "try" with a gerund means experimenting, while with an infinitive it means making an effort that may not succeed.
- It's important to consider the sequence of events - a gerund generally refers to a completed past action, while an infinitive
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
This presentation covers regular and irregular verb forms. It provides examples of verbs in their simple present, past, and participle forms. It includes a sample multiple choice question testing verb forms and a quick 10 question test for learners to assess their knowledge of correct verb usage. The presentation emphasizes relying on familiarity with verb forms over strict rules and encourages reviewing additional resources for practice.
This document provides a review of French grammar concepts including:
- The difference between savoir and connaitre
- How to conjugate connaître and savoir
- Examples of using relative pronouns like que, qui, lequel, dont, and où
- The difference between the passé composé and imparfait tenses
- How to use the pronoun y to replace things preceded by prepositions
The review covers key details concisely to refresh the reader's knowledge of these important French grammar topics.
Grammar - Condiitonals (zero, first, second, and third conditionals)Shin Chan
The document discusses the different types of conditionals in English grammar. There are four main types: zero conditionals, which refer to general truths using the simple present tense; first conditionals, which refer to possible present or future conditions using the present simple and future simple; second conditionals, which refer to hypothetical or unlikely conditions using the past simple and present conditional; and third conditionals, which refer to impossible past conditions using the past perfect and conditional perfect. The document provides examples of each type of conditional and quizzes the reader on identifying conditionals and forming their own sentences using conditionals.
This document discusses the three types of conditional sentences in English. It provides examples of each type and explains how to form them. Type 0 conditionals describe scientific facts using the present simple. Type 1 conditionals talk about possible future events using will/won't and the present simple. Type 2 conditionals describe imaginary situations using would/wouldn't and the past simple.
This document discusses the different ways that infinitives can be used in sentences. It provides examples of infinitives being used as subjects, objects, subject complements, after verbs, adjectives, nouns, and in constructions with "too" or "enough". It also discusses the difference between active and passive infinitives. The key uses of infinitives covered are as subjects, objects, and subject complements of sentences, as well as being used after verbs, adjectives, nouns, and in constructions with modifiers.
The document provides an overview of infinitives in English grammar. It discusses how infinitives can act as subjects, objects, and subject complements. It also covers how certain verbs, adjectives, nouns, and adverbs are followed by infinitives and the different meanings this can convey. Specifically, it explains how infinitives can indicate necessity or advisability after nouns and how some verbs allow only infinitives or gerunds while others allow both. The document provides examples for each rule and clarifies confusing aspects of using infinitives.
1. The document discusses the use of gerunds and infinitives after certain verbs and prepositions. It provides examples of verbs that are followed by gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, as well as examples where the meaning changes depending on which is used.
2. Various rules are outlined for when gerunds or infinitives are used after verbs, prepositions, nouns, adjectives, and pronouns. Lists of specific verbs, prepositions, nouns and adjectives are given to illustrate the rules.
3. The key differences between gerunds and infinitives are explained, along with how to identify them and common errors to avoid.
This document discusses noun clauses, which function in sentences similarly to nouns by serving as subjects, objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. Noun clauses contain a subject and verb like independent clauses but function as a part of a larger sentence. There are several types of noun clause markers that introduce the clause, such as "that", "if/whether", and wh- words. Noun clauses must follow statement word order and sequence of tenses rules when used in sentences with independent clauses.
This document provides grammar rules and examples for using:
1. The present perfect tense with for and since to indicate duration up until the present.
2. So and because to connect a reason with a resulting action.
3. Had to and didn't have to to talk about past obligations.
4. Questions without auxiliary verbs when the question word is the subject.
5. Verbs like want, need, would like followed by an infinitive with to.
It gives examples of how to use these grammar structures correctly in sentences.
Benok is a Fil-Am boy who needs help with his English lessons. His father promised him a vacation to Vigan, Ilocos Sur in the Philippines if he gets a high score. Benok meets Gizmo, who will help him complete tasks to learn about verbals like gerunds, infinitives and participles. Benok correctly answers questions identifying verbals in sentences. As rewards, he earns a map of Vigan, beach shorts, a polo outfit and backpack. In the final task, Benok must identify verbals in a paragraph to convince his father to go on vacation.
The document is an English lesson for class 9 on tenses, specifically focusing on the future tense. It discusses the four types of future tense - future indefinite, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous. It provides examples and explanations of how to form sentences in the future indefinite and future continuous tenses, including their structures, uses, and contractions. The learning objectives are also stated to be able to define, identify, describe and use the different future tenses correctly.
The document provides examples and explanations of the third conditional in Spanish, also known as the Type III conditional. It refers to a hypothetical situation in the past and uses the structure "if + past perfect + conditional perfect." Several example sentences are given to illustrate this structure. The document also includes a list of common phrasal verbs in English with their meanings and examples.
The document discusses phrasal verbs, which are verbs combined with particles or prepositions that act as verbs rather than prepositions. It provides examples of literal and idiomatic meanings of phrasal verbs like "put out" and "pick up." Transitive phrasal verbs can have objects that come before or after the particle, while intransitive phrasal verbs do not take objects.
Course 8-Unit2: The use of would rather + base form of verb.Martin Caicedo
The document discusses the use of verbs in the base form with "would rather". It explains that a verb in the base form is the simple form of the verb, like "play" instead of "to play". It provides examples of verbs in the infinitive form and base form. It then states that "would rather" is equivalent to preferring something. It gives examples of using "would rather" with a verb in the base form to indicate preference between two options.
This document provides an introduction to phrasal verbs in English. It begins by defining a phrasal verb as a verb combined with a particle, which can be a preposition or adverb. Some phrasal verbs have a literal meaning, while others have a figurative meaning. It then lists over 20 common phrasal verbs along with their definitions and examples. The document concludes with practice questions for the reader to test their understanding of phrasal verbs.
This document provides a summary and examples of different English verb tenses including:
1. Simple Present, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Simple Past, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Would Like To, Future with Will, and Future: Be Going To.
2. Each tense is defined and examples are provided to illustrate their structure and usage. Key points about when each tense is used are highlighted such as to describe habitual actions, ongoing actions, completed actions, plans/predictions for the future.
3. Over 20 verb tense examples are given for each one to demonstrate them in full sentences. The document serves as a helpful reference guide for the different English verb tenses.
The document discusses future perfect and future perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how to form the tenses using "will have" and "be going to have." It explains the two main uses of future perfect: (1) a completed action before something in the future, and (2) duration before something in the future. It also discusses future perfect continuous and provides examples of its use to indicate duration before something in the future or as a cause of something in the future.
Conditional sentences in Indonesian grammar are used to express conditions and their consequences. There are three types of conditional sentences:
1. Type I uses the present tense in the if-clause and will-future in the main clause to express possible conditions and their probable future consequences.
2. Type II uses the past tense in the if-clause and would-future in the main clause to express unlikely or hypothetical conditions and their possible consequences.
3. Type III uses the past perfect tense in the if-clause and would have-future perfect in the main clause to express regret over conditions that did not occur in the past.
The document then provides examples to illustrate the three types of conditional sentences.
The document provides information on the present perfect tense of the verb "to be" and examples of its use. It discusses the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of "there is/are" in the present tense. Examples are given for singular and plural forms. The future tense of "have to" is also discussed, with examples given of its conjugation.
If presents a lesson on zero conditional sentences which are used to describe things that are generally or always true. The zero conditional has an if-clause in the present tense and a result clause in the present simple or imperative. Examples are provided of zero conditional sentences as well as exercises for students to practice forming their own zero conditional sentences.
The document discusses passive voice, including its use and formation. Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It is formed by using some form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. Only transitive verbs can be used in the passive construction. Tense and voice (active or passive) are indicated for regular and modal verbs. Exercises provide practice identifying active and passive voice and rewriting active sentences in the passive voice.
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
This presentation covers regular and irregular verb forms. It provides examples of verbs in their simple present, past, and participle forms. It includes a sample multiple choice question testing verb forms and a quick 10 question test for learners to assess their knowledge of correct verb usage. The presentation emphasizes relying on familiarity with verb forms over strict rules and encourages reviewing additional resources for practice.
This document provides a review of French grammar concepts including:
- The difference between savoir and connaitre
- How to conjugate connaître and savoir
- Examples of using relative pronouns like que, qui, lequel, dont, and où
- The difference between the passé composé and imparfait tenses
- How to use the pronoun y to replace things preceded by prepositions
The review covers key details concisely to refresh the reader's knowledge of these important French grammar topics.
Grammar - Condiitonals (zero, first, second, and third conditionals)Shin Chan
The document discusses the different types of conditionals in English grammar. There are four main types: zero conditionals, which refer to general truths using the simple present tense; first conditionals, which refer to possible present or future conditions using the present simple and future simple; second conditionals, which refer to hypothetical or unlikely conditions using the past simple and present conditional; and third conditionals, which refer to impossible past conditions using the past perfect and conditional perfect. The document provides examples of each type of conditional and quizzes the reader on identifying conditionals and forming their own sentences using conditionals.
This document discusses the three types of conditional sentences in English. It provides examples of each type and explains how to form them. Type 0 conditionals describe scientific facts using the present simple. Type 1 conditionals talk about possible future events using will/won't and the present simple. Type 2 conditionals describe imaginary situations using would/wouldn't and the past simple.
This document discusses the different ways that infinitives can be used in sentences. It provides examples of infinitives being used as subjects, objects, subject complements, after verbs, adjectives, nouns, and in constructions with "too" or "enough". It also discusses the difference between active and passive infinitives. The key uses of infinitives covered are as subjects, objects, and subject complements of sentences, as well as being used after verbs, adjectives, nouns, and in constructions with modifiers.
The document provides an overview of infinitives in English grammar. It discusses how infinitives can act as subjects, objects, and subject complements. It also covers how certain verbs, adjectives, nouns, and adverbs are followed by infinitives and the different meanings this can convey. Specifically, it explains how infinitives can indicate necessity or advisability after nouns and how some verbs allow only infinitives or gerunds while others allow both. The document provides examples for each rule and clarifies confusing aspects of using infinitives.
1. The document discusses the use of gerunds and infinitives after certain verbs and prepositions. It provides examples of verbs that are followed by gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, as well as examples where the meaning changes depending on which is used.
2. Various rules are outlined for when gerunds or infinitives are used after verbs, prepositions, nouns, adjectives, and pronouns. Lists of specific verbs, prepositions, nouns and adjectives are given to illustrate the rules.
3. The key differences between gerunds and infinitives are explained, along with how to identify them and common errors to avoid.
This document discusses noun clauses, which function in sentences similarly to nouns by serving as subjects, objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. Noun clauses contain a subject and verb like independent clauses but function as a part of a larger sentence. There are several types of noun clause markers that introduce the clause, such as "that", "if/whether", and wh- words. Noun clauses must follow statement word order and sequence of tenses rules when used in sentences with independent clauses.
This document provides grammar rules and examples for using:
1. The present perfect tense with for and since to indicate duration up until the present.
2. So and because to connect a reason with a resulting action.
3. Had to and didn't have to to talk about past obligations.
4. Questions without auxiliary verbs when the question word is the subject.
5. Verbs like want, need, would like followed by an infinitive with to.
It gives examples of how to use these grammar structures correctly in sentences.
Benok is a Fil-Am boy who needs help with his English lessons. His father promised him a vacation to Vigan, Ilocos Sur in the Philippines if he gets a high score. Benok meets Gizmo, who will help him complete tasks to learn about verbals like gerunds, infinitives and participles. Benok correctly answers questions identifying verbals in sentences. As rewards, he earns a map of Vigan, beach shorts, a polo outfit and backpack. In the final task, Benok must identify verbals in a paragraph to convince his father to go on vacation.
The document is an English lesson for class 9 on tenses, specifically focusing on the future tense. It discusses the four types of future tense - future indefinite, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous. It provides examples and explanations of how to form sentences in the future indefinite and future continuous tenses, including their structures, uses, and contractions. The learning objectives are also stated to be able to define, identify, describe and use the different future tenses correctly.
The document provides examples and explanations of the third conditional in Spanish, also known as the Type III conditional. It refers to a hypothetical situation in the past and uses the structure "if + past perfect + conditional perfect." Several example sentences are given to illustrate this structure. The document also includes a list of common phrasal verbs in English with their meanings and examples.
The document discusses phrasal verbs, which are verbs combined with particles or prepositions that act as verbs rather than prepositions. It provides examples of literal and idiomatic meanings of phrasal verbs like "put out" and "pick up." Transitive phrasal verbs can have objects that come before or after the particle, while intransitive phrasal verbs do not take objects.
Course 8-Unit2: The use of would rather + base form of verb.Martin Caicedo
The document discusses the use of verbs in the base form with "would rather". It explains that a verb in the base form is the simple form of the verb, like "play" instead of "to play". It provides examples of verbs in the infinitive form and base form. It then states that "would rather" is equivalent to preferring something. It gives examples of using "would rather" with a verb in the base form to indicate preference between two options.
This document provides an introduction to phrasal verbs in English. It begins by defining a phrasal verb as a verb combined with a particle, which can be a preposition or adverb. Some phrasal verbs have a literal meaning, while others have a figurative meaning. It then lists over 20 common phrasal verbs along with their definitions and examples. The document concludes with practice questions for the reader to test their understanding of phrasal verbs.
This document provides a summary and examples of different English verb tenses including:
1. Simple Present, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Simple Past, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Would Like To, Future with Will, and Future: Be Going To.
2. Each tense is defined and examples are provided to illustrate their structure and usage. Key points about when each tense is used are highlighted such as to describe habitual actions, ongoing actions, completed actions, plans/predictions for the future.
3. Over 20 verb tense examples are given for each one to demonstrate them in full sentences. The document serves as a helpful reference guide for the different English verb tenses.
The document discusses future perfect and future perfect continuous tenses in English. It provides examples of how to form the tenses using "will have" and "be going to have." It explains the two main uses of future perfect: (1) a completed action before something in the future, and (2) duration before something in the future. It also discusses future perfect continuous and provides examples of its use to indicate duration before something in the future or as a cause of something in the future.
Conditional sentences in Indonesian grammar are used to express conditions and their consequences. There are three types of conditional sentences:
1. Type I uses the present tense in the if-clause and will-future in the main clause to express possible conditions and their probable future consequences.
2. Type II uses the past tense in the if-clause and would-future in the main clause to express unlikely or hypothetical conditions and their possible consequences.
3. Type III uses the past perfect tense in the if-clause and would have-future perfect in the main clause to express regret over conditions that did not occur in the past.
The document then provides examples to illustrate the three types of conditional sentences.
The document provides information on the present perfect tense of the verb "to be" and examples of its use. It discusses the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of "there is/are" in the present tense. Examples are given for singular and plural forms. The future tense of "have to" is also discussed, with examples given of its conjugation.
If presents a lesson on zero conditional sentences which are used to describe things that are generally or always true. The zero conditional has an if-clause in the present tense and a result clause in the present simple or imperative. Examples are provided of zero conditional sentences as well as exercises for students to practice forming their own zero conditional sentences.
The document discusses passive voice, including its use and formation. Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It is formed by using some form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. Only transitive verbs can be used in the passive construction. Tense and voice (active or passive) are indicated for regular and modal verbs. Exercises provide practice identifying active and passive voice and rewriting active sentences in the passive voice.
This document provides examples of sentences using passive voice constructions. It gives sentences with blanks to be filled in by verbs in their passive form. Some examples include "A decision will not be made until the next meeting" and "Her new book will probably be translated into a number of foreign languages." It then provides similar examples using modal verbs like "must," "shouldn't," and "might." Overall, the document demonstrates how to form sentences in the passive voice using different verbs.
This document provides examples for forming sentences in the passive voice in different tenses. It includes sentences to complete in the suggested tenses, examples of changing sentences to the passive, situations that can be expressed in the passive voice, and examples of indirect object sentences rewritten in the passive voice. Guidance is given for using phrases like "is said to", "is supposed to", and rewriting sentences to include the passive voice.
This document provides examples of conditional sentences to practice putting verbs in the correct tense. There are also exercises with multiple conditional sentences to complete using the correct verb forms. The document covers different types of conditional sentences including zero, first, second, third conditionals and mixed conditionals.
04 exercise from active voice to passive voice quizFortuna Lu
The document contains an English assignment asking a student to change sentences from active to passive voice. There are 17 sentences provided that need to be rewritten in passive voice format and returned for grading. The assignment is meant to practice changing between active and passive grammatical structures in the English language.
The document provides exercises on different types of conditional sentences, including:
- Type I conditional sentences with present and future time frames
- Type II conditional sentences with past time frames
- Type III conditional sentences with past time frames
- Mixed conditional sentences combining different types
- Exceptions involving different verb tenses
The exercises consist of incomplete conditional sentences for the learner to complete by supplying the correct verb forms.
The document discusses conditional sentences in English grammar. It provides examples of conditional sentences in types I, II, and III and exercises for the learner to practice forming conditional sentences based on given prompts. The conditionals involve verbs in their appropriate forms for each type of conditional - will-future for type I, past tense for type II, and past perfect for type III. Exercises are given involving a story about a mouse trying to get its tail back from a cat by completing tasks.
The lecturer discusses the different types of conditionals in English:
1) Zero conditional - used for things that are always true when the condition is met (present simple + present simple)
2) First conditional - used for possible future events dependent on other future conditions (present simple + will + base form)
3) Second conditional - used for unlikely or imaginary present situations (past simple + would + base form)
4) Third conditional - used for imaginary past situations where the conditions were not met (past perfect + would have + past participle)
There are also mixed conditionals that combine elements of different conditional types.
This document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English:
- Zero conditional describes things that are always true.
- First conditional talks about future actions dependent on future conditions. It uses present tense for the condition and will for the result.
- Second conditional talks about unlikely present or future situations. It uses past tense for the condition and would for the result.
- Third conditional talks about imaginary past actions where the conditions were not met. It uses past perfect for the condition and would have for the result. Each conditional has a specific grammatical structure and usage.
The document discusses the second and third conditional tenses in English. The second conditional is used to talk about unlikely or imaginary present situations, using the past tense in "if" clauses and "would" for the result. The third conditional talks about imaginary past situations, using "would have" plus the past participle for the result and the past perfect tense in "if" clauses. Both conditionals discuss conditional situations that are contrary to reality.
The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English:
1) Zero conditional uses the present tense and refers to general truths.
2) First conditional uses "will" to talk about possible future events.
3) Second conditional uses "would" to talk about unlikely present or future situations.
4) Third conditional uses "would have" to talk about hypothetical past situations with different outcomes.
5) Mixed conditionals combine past and present/future tenses to discuss imagined past events with present results.
The document defines and describes the four types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, and third conditional. The zero conditional uses the present simple tense and describes real, factual situations. The first conditional uses the present simple in the if-clause and will in the result to talk about possible future events. The second conditional uses the past simple in the if-clause and would in the result to describe unlikely or imaginary present/future situations. The third conditional uses the past perfect in the if-clause and would have in the result to talk about unlikely past events.
There are three main types of conditional sentences:
- First conditional refers to possible or likely future events.
- Second conditional refers to unlikely or hypothetical events.
- Third conditional refers to unlikely past events.
Conditional sentences use different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause depending on the type: present/future, past/conditional, past perfect/conditional perfect. There are also variations allowed in the tenses used. Mixed conditionals combine different types. Other words besides "if" can introduce conditional sentences.
This document discusses the structure and use of different types of conditional sentences in English:
1) First conditional sentences use the present simple in the if-clause and will/may/might in the result clause to talk about possible futures.
2) Second conditional sentences use the past simple in the if-clause and would/could/might in the result clause to talk about hypothetical or unlikely present situations.
3) Third conditional sentences use the past perfect in the if-clause and would have/could have/might have in the result clause to talk about hypothetical past situations.
It also covers temporary sentences, wish clauses, and some grammatical rules for using conditionals.
If I see Andrew at the meeting, I'll give him your message. There are three main types of conditional sentences: first, second, and third conditional. The tenses used can vary in the if and main clauses for each type. Mixed conditionals using different types together are also possible if they make sense contextually. Implied and real conditionals express conditions without using "if".
The document summarizes the three main types of conditional sentences in English:
1) First conditional - used to talk about possible future events. The if-clause uses the present simple and the main clause uses the future simple.
2) Second conditional (hypothetical) - used to talk about unlikely future events or present situations that are impossible. The if-clause uses the past simple and the main clause uses would + infinitive.
3) Third conditional - used to talk about imagined past situations that did not happen. The if-clause uses the past perfect and the main clause uses would have + past participle.
The document summarizes the three main types of conditional sentences in English:
1) First conditional - used to talk about possible future events. The if-clause uses the present simple and the main clause uses the future simple.
2) Second conditional (hypothetical) - used to talk about unlikely future events or present situations that are impossible. The if-clause uses the past simple and the main clause uses would + infinitive.
3) Third conditional - used to talk about imagined past situations that did not happen. The if-clause uses the past perfect and the main clause uses would have + past participle.
This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English. There are three main types:
1) Type 0 or real conditional sentences use the present simple tense to describe general truths or facts. Examples are given such as "Water turns to ice if it freezes."
2) Type 1 or probable conditional sentences use the present simple in the if-clause and will/can + infinitive in the main clause to describe probable future events based on present conditions. An example is "If I study hard, I will pass the exam."
3) Type 2 or unreal conditional sentences use the past simple in the if-clause and would/could + infinitive in the main clause to describe improbable or hypothetical
The document discusses conditional clauses and sentences in English grammar. It defines conditional clauses as clauses that state a hypothesis or condition, and notes they usually introduce a conditional sentence along with a main clause expressing the result. Conditional clauses are often introduced with "if", but can also use conjunctions like "unless", "even if", "provided", and "as long as". The document then explains the four types of conditional sentences: zero, first, second, and third conditional. It provides examples of each and their typical grammatical structures.
Polliana's Presentation - Conditionals and WishFrank Couto
The document discusses conditional sentences and wish clauses, explaining the different types of conditional sentences including zero, first, second, and third conditionals. It provides examples of conditional sentences and discusses typical errors English language learners make when using conditional sentences and wish clauses. The lesson plan proposes an activity for students to practice the second conditional by discussing hypothetical relationship scenarios.
This document provides information on conditionals and wishes in English grammar. It discusses the structure and use of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and mixed conditionals. It also covers replacing "if" with words like "unless" and "even if". The document explains how to express wishes using "wish" and "if only" with different tenses depending on if the wish is about the present, past, or a desire for change. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the uses and structures of conditionals and wishes in English.
The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English including:
1) First conditional - used to talk about possible future events. It has the formula "If + present tense + future tense".
2) Second conditional - used for hypothetical situations. It has the formula "If + past tense + conditional tense (would)".
3) Third conditional - used to talk about unlikely past events. It has the formula "If + past perfect + conditional perfect".
4) Zero conditional - used to describe general truths. It has the formula "If + present tense + present tense".
The document also discusses variations in tenses that can be used in conditional sentences and mixed conditionals.
This document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English. There are four main types: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, and third conditional. Each type uses a different verb tense combination and serves a different grammatical function. The zero conditional refers to general truths using present tense. The first conditional refers to possible future events using present and future tenses. The second conditional refers to unlikely present or future situations using past tense. The third conditional refers to imagined past events using past perfect tense. Mixed conditionals combine tenses to discuss past situations with present results or vice versa.
Conditional Sentences Type 0, type 1 and type 2 + gap-fill exercisesAlina Dashkewitz
This document discusses the four types of conditional sentences in English. Conditional Type 0 refers to general truths and uses if/when with the present simple. Conditional Type 1 refers to possible future events and uses if/when with the present simple followed by the future simple. Conditional Type 2 refers to unreal present or future situations and uses if with the past simple followed by would, could, or might plus the base verb. The document provides examples of each conditional type and notes the use of were instead of was with the verb to be.
This document discusses the three main types of conditional sentences in English: first, second, and third conditional. It provides examples of each conditional type and explains their typical uses. The document also discusses variations that can be used with different tenses in conditional sentences, mixed conditionals, implied conditionals, and other ways to express conditional meaning besides using "if", such as "unless" or "even if".
Here are 8 conditional sentences with the if clauses circled and main clauses underlined as requested:
Zero conditional:
If you heat ice, it melts.
If the sun rises in the east, it sets in the west.
Type 1 conditional:
If it rains, I will get wet.
If I study hard, I will pass the exam.
Type 2 conditional:
If I were rich, I would travel the world.
If you asked me, I would help you.
Type 3 conditional:
If I had listened to my parents, I wouldn't be in this mess.
If she had called me, I would have picked up.
Mixed conditional A:
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
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- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
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4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
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5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
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6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
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7. What is Prometheus?
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8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
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9. What is Camel K?
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10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
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11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
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12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
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2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
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JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
Conditionals
1. English Conditionals
Zero Conditional: Certainty
The Zero conditional is used for things that are always true as long as the condition is met.
IF Condition Result Situation
present simple present simple
If you heat water to 100 degrees celsius, it boils. fact- universal
present simple present simple
If I drink coffee, I get a headache. fact- personal
English Conditionals: First Conditional
First Conditional: A real possibility in the future
A First Conditional sentence is one connecting two future actions, where one must take place before the second is
possible. Take a student who wants to go to university but hasn't got the results of their exams yet. They cannot go to
university until they have received their results. In the case of a good student who is expected to get good grades, then
there is a good possibility of achieving the marks required to get to university, so the following sentence could be
used:
IF Condition Result
present simple WILL + base verb
If she gets good grades, she will go to university.
We are talking about the future, but we use a present tense for the condition and will for the result. In this case, the
person is sure about going to university. We can use other modal verbs in the result part of the sentence:
IF Condition Result Possibility
she gets good
If she will go to university. If the condition is met, then she definitely will go
grades,
If he gets good grades, he may go to university. He is not sure about going to university.
she gets good she should go to The speaker is expressing his or her opinion, giving
If
grades, university. advice.
If he gets good grades, he can go to university. This means that it is possible.
she gets good
If she could go to university. This means that it is possible, but not that likely.
grades,
2. If he gets good grades, he might go to university. This means that it is possible, but not that likely.
We can also use different present forms in the condition part of the sentence:
IF Condition Reason for tense Result
present simple an action in the future
If I see her, I'll ask her about it.
present progressive an unfinished present action
If they are still working, I'll go home.
present progressive a future arrangement
If they are going, I'll stay at home.
present perfect a finished action related to now
you have finished your
If I'll clear away the plates.
meal,
WILL + base verb making an agreement WILL + base verb
I will let you have Friday
If you will work late today,
off.
expressing displeasure because someone insists on
WILL + base verb WILL + base verb
doing something
If you will drive too fast, the police will stop you.
3. English Conditionals: Second Conditional
Second Conditional: Imaginary Present or Unlikely Future
The Second Conditional can be used used to talk about imaginary present situations, where we are imagining
something different from what is really the case. We can also use it to talk about things in the future that are unlikely
to happen, as the condition is unlikely to be met. We use the past tense in the condition part and would for the result.
IF Condition Time Result Possibility
past simple present WOULD + base verb impossible
If I had the time, I would learn Italian. I don't have the time, so I'm not going to learn Italian.
past simple future WOULD + base verb unlikely
I won the I would travel around the There's a very small chance of winning the lottery, so
If
lottery world. the trip is unlikely
We can use other modal verbs in the past tense in the result part of the sentence:
IF Condition Result Certainty
past simple WOULD + base verb
I had the Although unlikely to happen, the speaker is sure that they would
If I would learn Italian.
time, do it given the opportunity.
I had more
If I might learn Spanish. Although unlikely to happen, it is only a possibility anyway.
time,
I had more I should learn some Although unlikely to happen, the speaker is saying that it would be
If
time, more about IT. a good idea, but is not committed to it.
I had more
If I could learn Hindi. Although unlikely to happen, it is only a possibility anyway.
time
With the verb to be, there are two forms that can be used with I, he, she & it:
IF Condition Result
I, he, she, it Were
If I were you, I'd marry her.
I, he, she, it Was
4. If I was you, I'd marry her.
English Conditionals: Third Conditional
Third Conditional: Imaginary Past
The third conditional is used when we are talking about the past and imagining something different from what
actually happened:
Condition Result What actually happened
Past Perfect WOULD HAVE + Past Participle
If I had known, I would have helped. I didn't know and didn't help.
IF Condition Result Certainty
WOULD HAVE+ past
past perfect
participle
Although this didn't happen, the speaker is sure about
If I had known, I would have helped.
the result.
Although this didn't happen, the result is only a
If I had known, I could have helped.
possibility.
Although this didn't happen, the result is only a
If I had known, I might have helped.
possibility.
Although this didn't happen, it is only a good suggestion
If you had known, you should have helped.
or piece of advice.
5. Conditionals: Summary
Here is a chart to help you to visualize the basic English conditionals. Do not take the 50% and 10% figures too
literally. They are just to help you.
probability conditional example time
100% zero conditional If you heat ice, it melts. any time
50% first conditional If it rains, I will stay at home. future
10% second conditional If I won the lottery, I would buy a car. future
0% third conditional If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a car. past
Mixed conditionals
In the mixed conditional sentences we can combine the second and third conditional.
If he had left immediately, he would be here now. (He didn't leave immediately and isn't here.)
If I had studied hard when I was young, I wouldn't be a porter now. (I didn't study and I am a porter.)
If we hadn't told him the way while he was preparing for his journey, he would get lost now. (We told him
and he isn't lost.)
Inverted conditionals
We can also make conditional sentences by changing the word order in the if clause.
Had he booked the hotel room, he wouln't have slept at the camp. (If he had booked ... )
Were I in your position, I would accept it. (If I were ... )
This form is less common, quite formal and is mostly used in writing.
Note
If is the most frequent expression in the if clauses, but other expressions are also possible.
even if, provided (that), unless, on condition (that), in case
You will leave tonight even if you don't want to.
6. You can have your birthday party provided that you aren't noisy.
We'll sell you the ranch on condition you pay in cash.
You should take a dictionary with you in case you forgot some words.
Unless you do something, she won't come back. (If you don't do anything, ... )
7. Exercises
Zero conditional
Complete the zero conditional sentences with the verb in brackets. Use contractions where
possible.
it turns I go they don't have he's comes you aren't I don't know we don't do
1. If you press that button, the light(come) on.
2. It's easier to sleep if(you / not / be) stressed.
3. The teacher gets angry if(we / not / work) hard.
4. If(I / go) on a boat, I always feel sick.
5. His mother gets annoyed if(he / be) late.
6. If(I / not / know) a word, I look in my dictionary.
7. They play football if(they / not / have) any homework.
8. If you freeze water,(it / turn) to ice.
8. would start a business of my own.
will take a long holiday and apply for a new job later.
2. If he calls me 'lazy' again I ...
won't ever help him again if he's in trouble.
go and tell his parents.
3. Philippa won't ever speak to me again if ...
I let her down now.
I would let her down now.
4. If the demand increases prices ...
rise.
will rise.
5. Our dog Gelert will start licking you if ...
you pat him on the back.
you will give it a cuddle.
6. Don't be offended. If Jane is annoyed she ...
will start yelling at people.
starts yelling at people.
7. If Jeremy doesn't answer the phone this time I ...
won't call again.
don't call again.
9. Second Conditional
1. If farmers in developing countries were given a decent price for their produce ...
they would be able to build a better future for their family, community and country.
they will be able to build a better future for their family, community and country.
2. If Belgium won the European Soccer Championship in the year 2000 ...
the world will be amazed.
the world would be amazed.
3. Consumers would be much better off if ...
accurate product information would be printed on the packaging.
accurate product information were printed on the packaging.
4. The children would be in a much better shape if they ...
would take my bike to go to school.
took my bike to go to school.
5. If I had a lot of money I ...
bought myself a flashy MGf.
would buy myself a flashy MGf.
6. Helen would be very upset if ...
she knows about John's past.
she knew about John's past.
10. Third Conditional
1. If only I had known about your difficult situation I
will help you.
would have helped you.
2. We wouldn't have gone bankrupt if ...
we had conducted better market research.
we conduced better market research.
3. If you hadn't given your approval ...
this would never have happened.
this would never happen.
4. Geraldine would never have left Jim if ...
he were more reasonable and understanding.
he had been more reasonable and understanding.
5. France would never have won the world cup if ...
the final stage were played in Brazil.
the final stage had been played in Brazil.
6. If we had had a better marketing strategy we ...
would easily have conquered the German market.
will easily conquer the German market.