Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system and includes devices like circuit boards, chips, monitors, disks, and disk drives. Early mechanical calculators used gears like clocks, while the ENIAC, built in 1945, was one of the first electronic general-purpose computers and was used to calculate ballistic missile trajectories. Computer hardware has various functions including storage using volatile and non-volatile memory, processing data through microprocessors and parallel or distributed processing, and input/output through devices like keyboards, mice, monitors, and printers. The core internal computer parts are the motherboard, processor, memory, hard disk, and expansion cards.

1. COMPUTER HARDWARE

2. WHAT IS COMPUTER HARDWARE? Refers to the physical and mechanical components of the computer system. It consists of devices such as: circuit boards chips Monitors Disks Disk drives Modem Keyboards Printers

3. EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

4. MECHANICAL CALCULATOR made by Wilhelm Schickard. used cogs and gears similar to those in clocks .

5. PUNCH CARD TECHNOLOGY

6. ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR ANALYZER AND COMPUTER(ENIAC) designed by John Presper and John William Mauchly. it was built by the US Army in 1945 to calculate the trajectory of ballistic missiles, at a cost of almost $500,000.

7. FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

8. STORAGE Refers to the ability of computer to store and retain data in their memories Types of Memory Volatile memory - refers to computer memory that requires electric power to maintain stored data. ex. Random-access memory (RAM) 2. Non-volatile memory – retains data even if electric is cut off. ex. hard disks, floppy disks, and CD ROMs

9. PROCESS Data processing - Is defined as the conversion of data from one format to another DATA – refers to a collection of numbers and characters which the computer understands. MICROPROCESSOR – brain of the computer controls the flow of data – Central processing unit (CPU)

10. METHOD OF PROCESSING Parallel Processing - harnesses the power multiple processors in one computing entity to perform a single task. Distributed Processing - is used to bind multiple computing entity so that they become a single centralized unit focused on common task or goal.

11. INPUT computer hardware can take commands and be fed with information Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Trackball touch pad Joystick graphic tablet light pen cyber gloves touch screen

12. OUTPUT ways for computers to communicate to the outside world, beginning with you. Output Devices Monitor or screen Speaker printer

13. PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

14. MONITOR screen that displays what is going on in the computer.

15. KEYBOARD Used to input textual information to the computer

16. MOUSE lets you feeds instructions to the computer by simply pointing and clicking in a graphical environment

17. SYSTEM CASE box that house the CPU. It has expansion slots contains spare drive bays, and allows space to work inside for attachments to the system unit.

18. MOTHERBOARD main circuit board in the computer. Its chipset must support the kind of hardware you want with your system.

19. MAIN MEMORY/RAM allows computers to store and retain information.

20. PROCESSOR brain of the computer that handles the flow of all data.

21. HARD DISK storage device that holds the operating system and other programs and data files.

22. FLOPPY DISK DRIVE Perhaps the slowest form of long term secondary storage for the computer is the floppy disk with 1.44 MB disk drive.

23. CD-ROM/DVD-ROM DRIVE reads CDs or DVDs.

24. VIDEO/GRAPHICS CARD most graphics cards today have at least 32 MB. Using a card that has less might cause problems with the computer you are building because many programs that use heavy graphics will not work.

25. SOUND CARD converts data into sound to be sent to speakers or converts sounds to digital formats.

26. CABLE CONNECTORS computer parts cannot come together by themselves.

27. OTHER PERIPHERALS optional devices that you connect to your computer, like printers and removable storage devices.

28. PREPARED BY: Charity_Castro