The document discusses the key elements of a computer system, including hardware, software, peopleware, and data. It provides details on common computer parts like the system unit, motherboard, CPU, memory, ports, storage devices, input devices, output devices, and communication devices. It also defines software, operating systems, and gives examples of MS-DOS and Windows. The overall topic is the components that make up a basic computer system.

1. ELEMENTS OF THE
COMPUTER SYSTEM

3. Computer Parts
 There are many
parts that work
together to make a
computer work.

4.  is the mechanical, magnetic
and electronic device that
makes up computer hardware.
 It refers to all physical
components of the computers.
1. Hardware

5. Hardware
 System unit
 Joystick
 Scanner
 Floppy Disk
 Hard Drive
 Microphone
 USB Flash Drive
 Head phones
 Speakers
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Scanner

7. 2. Software
 Is the program
installed in the
computer that
gives
instructions to
do specific
tasks.
 It is a collection
of computer
programs,
procedures and
documentations
that commence
the computer on
what to do.

9. Software
 Microsoft
Calculator
 Microsoft office
word
 Notepad
 Internet explorer
 Paint
 Microsoft Office
PowerPoint

10. 3. Peopleware
 Refers to the
people who use
the computer for
a particular for a
particular
profession or
interest.
 This may involve
people who do
system analysis,
programming and
development of
computer
operations and
anyone who use a
computer.

11. Peopleware
 Graphic Artist
 Programmer
 Secretary
 Web Developer

12. 4. Data
 Is the unprocessed items of
knowledge of facts like text,
numbers, image and videos
which are processed and
converted by the computer to
produces useful for the user.

15. Multiple Choice
1.What is the unprocessed items of knowledge
or facts like texts, numbers, images and
videos?
a. Data b. Peopleware
c. Software d. Hardware

16. 2.What refers to the people who use the
computer for a particular profession or
interest?
a. Peopleware b. Software
c. Hardware d. Data

17. 3.What is the mechanical, magnetic and
electronic device that makes up computer
hardware?
a. Hardware b. Software
c. Peopleware d. Data

18. 4. What is the program installed in the
computer that gives instructions to do
specific tasks?
a. Data b. Hardware
c. Software d. Peopleware

19. 5. Which of the following is not a
Peopleware?
a. Internet Explorer b. Programmer
c. Web Developer d. Secretary

20. 6. Give one example of
Hardware.
7. Give one example of Software.
8. Give one example of
Peopleware.
9. Give one example of Data.
10. What is the Title of the topic?

23. • Is a device used in
putting or typing
letters or numbers
into different
applications or
programs

24.  Is used to open and close
files, navigate web sites, and
click on commands and tell
the computer what to do for
different applications.

25. Web camera
 Transmits a picture or an
image to the computer
which can be shared to
other computers using
internet connection.

26. Graphics Tablet
 Is similar to a white board, except
you use a digital pen to write on
it and it is connected to the
computer. The word or image
that you draw will appear on the
computer monitor.

27. Microphone
 Is used to transmit sounds
to be included or saved on
the computer. The
microphone can also be
used to transmit sound
using the internet.

28. Scanner
 Is used to copy pictures,
documents, and other
printed materials from a
paper and transmit it to the
computer in its digital
format.

29. Joystick
 Is used to control the
moving actions of the
stimulated object in a
program. A joystick is used
mostly for computer games
or arcade.

33. Output devices
 These devices are any piece
of peripheral device used to
display the results of
processed data.

34.  Hard copy
 Is a relatively
permanent form of
output that can be
read immediately or
stored for later use
such as paper.
 Soft copy
 Is a temporary
form of output,
for example , text
on a screen
display.

35. Monitor
 Is the screen on which words,
numbers, and graphics can be
seen. The monitor is the most
common output.

36. Printer
 Produces a print of
whatever is on the monitor
into paper such as words,
number, or pictures.

37. Speaker
 Gives you sound output from your
computer. Some speakers are
built-in to the computer and some
are separate devices.

38. Headphone
 Gives sound output form the
computer. It is similar to
speakers, except it is worn on
the head so only one person
can hear the output.

40. Computer Data Storage
 Often called storage or
memory,
 Refers to computer
components and devices that
store and retrieve data to and
form a storage media

41. Hard disk
 Is a storage device that
contains one or more
inflexible, circular platters that
can store large quantity of
data, instructions, and
information.

43. Floppy Disk
 Also called a diskette, is a portable,
inexpensive storage medium that
consists of a thin, circular, flexible
plastic Mylar film with a magnetic
coating enclosed in a square-
shaped plastic shell.

45. Optical Disc
 Is a type of optical storage media
that consists of a flat, round,
portable, disc made of metal,
plastic, and lacquer.
 These dics usually are 4.75 inches
in diameter and less than one-
twentieth of an inch thick.

47. Flash Memory Card
 Is a type of miniature mobile
storage device as thin as a five
peso coin and can range in size
of 1 cm to 1 inch.

49. USB Flash Drive
 Is sometimes called a Pen
Drive, is a storage device that
plugs in a USB port on a
computer or mobile device.

51. Multiple Choice
1.What is used to open and close files,
navigate web sites, and click on
commands and tell the computer what to
do for different applications?
a. Mouse b. Keyboard
c. Hard Disk d. Monitor

52. 2. What device used in inputting or typing
letters or numbers into different
applications or programs?
a. Mouse b. Keyboard
c. Optical Disc d. Speaker

53. 3. What is the screen on which words,
numbers and graphics can be seen?
a. Keyboard b. Mouse
c. Monitor d. Optical Disc

54. 4.What produce a print of whatever is on
the monitor into a paper such as words,
numbers, or pictures?
a. Keyboard b. Mouse
c. Output device d. Printer

55. 5. Which storage device contains one or
more inflexible, circular platters that can
store large quantity of data instruction,
and information?
a. Hard Disk b. Optical Disc
c. Floppy Disk d. USB Flash Drive

56. System Unit
 Also known as a Base unit, is the
main body of a computer. It is
typically made of a metal and plastic
enclosure containing the mother
board, power supply, cooling fans,
internal disk drives, memory and
expansion cards that are plugged
into the mother board.

57. Parts of the System Unit

58. Motherboard
 Is the central Printed Circuit Board
(PCB) in some complex electronic
system such as modern personal
computers.

60. Power Supply
 Supplies power to the other
components in a computer. It is
typically designed to convert general-
purpose alternating current (AC)
electric power from the mains to
usable low-voltage direct current (DC)
power for the internal components of
the computer.

62. Microprocessor
 Is the center of your computer
which processes instructions and
communicates with outside devices,
controlling most of the operation of
the computer.

64. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
 Is commonly referred to as a hard
drive, hard disk or fixed disk drive.
It is a non- volatile storage device
which stores digitally encoded data
on a rapid cylinder rotating platters
with magnetic surfaces.

66. Video Card
 Is also known as a graphics
accelerator card, display adapter or
graphics card. This is an expansion
card that improves images shown on
your display screen.

68. Sound Card
 Is also known as an audio card
 It is a computer expansion card
that facilitates the input and
output of audio signals to and
from a computer under the
control of computer program

70. Memory
 Is a temporary storage area which
holds the data and instructions that
the system unit CPU needs. Before
a program can be run, the program
is loaded from some storage
medium into the memory.

71. Random –Access Memory
(RAM)
 Is the main memory of the computer.
It can be accessed randomly. Where
any byte, (a unit of digit information in
computing and telecommunications
that most commonly consists of eight
bits), can be accessed without
touching the preceding bytes.

73. Read – Only – Memory (ROM)
 Refers to special memory used to store
programs that boot the computer and
perform diagnostics. Data stores in ROM
cannot be modified , or can be modified
only showly or with difficulty, so it is
mainly used to distribute firmware. A
firmware is software that is very closely
tied to specific hardware, and unlikely to
need frequent updates.

75. Ports
 Are the openings at the back portion
of the system unit where you can
connect all the other external
devices.

77. Communication Devices
 Is a hardware component that
enables a computer to send or
transmit and receive data,
instructions, and from one or more
computers

78. Types of Communications
Device

79. 1.Modem
 Is short for modulator-
demodulator, a device that enables
a computer to transmit data over
the telephone or cable lines.

81. Different Kinds of Modem
 A. Dial- up Modem
 Is a form of adapter card that you can
insert in an expansion slot on a
computer’s motherboard.
 One end of a standard telephone cord
attaches to a port on the modem card
and the other end plugs into a
telephone outlet in order to connect to
the internet.

83. b. Cable modems
 Send and receive digital data over
the cable television network.

85. c. Wireless modems
 Have a wireless accessibility with
its built-in antenna. This is most
common in PDA, Smart Phone or
other mobile devices.

87. 2.Network
 Is an adapter card, PC card or flash
that enables a computer to access
network.

89. 3. Router
 Is a communications device that
connects multiples computers or other
routers together and transmits data to
its correct destination on the network.

91. ICF
INTERNET AND COMPUTING
FUNDAMENTALS

92. Thank you!

95. CPU
 The Central
Processing Unit

96. Processor
 The CPU – The chip
or chips that
interpret and
execute program
instructions and
manage the
functions of input,
output, and storage
devices.

97. Computer Case
 Contains the major
components of the
computer. It helps
protect them.

98. Front of the Computer Case

99. Inside the Computer Case

100. Monitor
 A display screen to
provide “output” to
the user. It is where
you view the
information your are
working on.

101. Video Card
 Connects the computer
to the monitor. It is a
circuit board attached
to the motherboard that
contains the memory
and other circuitry
necessary to send
information to the
monitor for display on
screen.

102. Keyboard
 Used to enter
information into the
computer and for
giving commands.

103. Mouse
 An input device
operated by rolling its
ball across a flat
surface. The mouse is
used to control the on-
screen pointer by
pointing and clicking,
double-clicking, or
dragging objects on the
screen.

104. Touchpad
 A pressure-sensitive
and motion sensitive
device used in place
of a mouse.

105. CD Rom Drive
 The drive that plays
CDs and reads data
that has been stored
on the CD.

106. CD
 Compact Disk – A
type of optical
storage device.

107. Floppy Disk Drive
 A device that holds
a removable floppy
disk when in use;
read/write heads
read and write data
to the diskette.

108. Hard Disk
 Magnetic storage
device in the
computer.

109. RAM
 Random Access Memory
RAM is a computer’s
temporary memory,
which exists as chips on
the motherboard near
the CPU. It stores data
or programs while they
are being used and
requires power.

110. Printer
 An output device
that produces a hard
copy on paper. It
gives information to
the user in printed
form.

111. Barcode Reader
 An input device that
converts a pattern of
printed bars into a
number that a
computer can read.
They are often used
by businesses to
quickly input price
and product
information.

112. Scanner
 A device that allows
pictures to be placed
into a computer.

113. Microphone
 Allows the user to
record sounds as
input to their
computer.

114. Speakers
 Used to generate or
reproduce voice,
music, and other
sounds.

115. Sound Card
 Connects the
speakers and
microphone to the
computer.

116. Modem
 The place where the
computer is
connected to the
phone line.

117. Network Card
 A circuit board that
connects the
computer to the rest
of the network
usually using special
cables.

118. Software
 Programs that tell
the computer what
to do. It provides
instructions that the
CPU will need to
carry out.

119. DOS
 Disk Operating System
This software connects the hardware with the
programs you want to run.
MS-DOS:
Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System) is a
command line user interface. MS-DOS 1.0
was released in 1981 for IBM computers.

120. Example of MS-DOS

121. Windows
 A family of operating
systems developed and
produced by Microsoft
Corp. It provides a
software graphical user
interface (GUI) used on
IBM and compatible
computers.

122. Example of Windows (GUI)