1. The document discusses the definition and components of a computer. It defines a computer as an electronic machine that can perform arithmetic and logical operations by taking input, processing it according to instructions, and providing output. 2. It then lists and describes the basic parts of a computer including the monitor, CPU, keyboard, mouse, and other internal components like the motherboard, RAM, ROM, hard drive. 3. The document also discusses different types of computers based on size and function, as well as various storage devices used in computers.

1. COMPUTER
Any electronic machine which can perform
arithmetical as well as logical operation, it takes
data as input, process them as per our given
instructions and gives output.
Ex :- Network, Laptop, Robot, Mobile Phone etc.

2. Full form of Computer
• C :- Common (सामान्य)
• O :- Operating (चलाये जाने वाला)
• M :- Machine (यन्त्र)
• P :- Particularly (ववशेष रूप से)
• U :- Used for (उपयोग विया जाता है)
• T :- Trade(व्यापार)
• E :- Education(वशक्षा) & (और)
• R :- Research(खोज में)

3. Computer Syllabus
• BASIC COMPUTER
• WINDOWS XP/7/10
(NOTEPAD)
(WORDPAD)
(MS-PAINT)
• MS(MICROSOFT) – OFFICE 2013
(MS-WORD 2013)
(MS-EXCEL 2013)
(MS-POWERPOINT 2013 )
(MS-OUTLOOK 2013)
(MS-ACCESS)
• INTERNET

4. Charles Babbage
•Charles Babbage is the father of modern computer,
Firstly he invent an analytical engine in 1822 then he
invent a different engine in 1833.
•Blace Pascal is the grand father of computer.
चार्ल्स बैबेज आधुनिक क
ं प्यूटर क
े निता हैं, सबसे िहले उन्हंिे
1822 में एक निश्लेषणात्मक इंजि का आनिष्कार नकया, निर
उन्हंिे 1833 में एक अलग इंजि का आनिष्कार नकया I

5. THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF
COMPUTER(On the basis of Size) :-
• (1). Micro Computer (Personal Computer)
• (2).Mini Computer
• (3). Mainframe Computer
• (4). Super Computer

6. Micro Computer is single user computer that’s why we
called PC(Personal Computer), Because one people can do
any work at a time on this computer.
There are mainly two types of Micro Computer.
(1).Portable PC(Laptop, Palmtop ,Tablet PC). Palmtop
(2)Non Portable PC(Desktop)

7. (1).Portable PC:-
• Portable PC means which computer is easy to carry any where is
called Portable PC.
• As:- Laptop, Palmtop, Tablet etc.
• Non Portable PC:- Non Portable PC means which computer is
not carry to any where in easy node is called is Non Portable PC, It
attach with many devices.
• As:- Desktop, Keyboard etc.

8. Mini Computer
• Mini Computer is faster than micro computer.Mini computer was first released in the
1960. It is multi user computer. In this computer multiuser can perform multitask at a
time. It has server attach with many clients. It used to Bank. Cyber Café, Call Center
etc.
•Main Frame Computer :-Main frame computer
is more faster than micro and mini computer.
Mainframe computer are used in large organizations
such as insurance companies and banks, where many
people frequently need to use the same data. The work
capacity of mainframe computer is 24 hrs.

9. Super Computer:-
• Super computer is more faster computer compare than
micro, mini and main frame computer. Its storage capacity
is too high. It is not general computer only used for
Scientist. As :- Rocket Speed and other science worked.
• Note – PARAM PADMA-1000 is biggest Super Computer.

10. THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF COMPUTER(On the basis
of Function) :-
• Analog Computer
• Digital Computer
• Hybrid Computer

11. Analog Computer :- A computer which doesn’t have
Display, is called Analog Computer.
Ex :- Network, Radar, Setup Box etc.
Digital Computer :- A computer which have Display is
called Digital Computer.
Ex :- Laptop, Mobile phone, Calculator etc.
Hybrid Computer :- An analog computer which is
controlled by Digital Computer, is called Hybrid
Computer.
Ex :- ATM, Robot, Super Computer etc.

12. Desktop is home screen of window.Which display
Icons,Taskbar and other components of window.
Desktop :-

13. Parts of
computer:-
1. Monitor
2. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
3. Keyboard
4. Mouse

14. •Monitor –Monitor is an output device that gives result on screen. It is
also known as VDU (Visual Display Unit).What you type on the keyboard you
can see on the monitor. It is just like T.V.
•Types of Monitor –
1) CRT (Cathode Ray Tubes)
2) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
3) LED (Light Emitting Diode)

15. CPU
CPU(Central Processing Unit) is called the
brain of Computer. It Connects the other
parts of Computer and each work of process
happens in it.

16. Parts of CPU
1. Mother Board
2. SMPS ( Switch Mode Power Supply)
3. RAM (Random Access Memory)
4. ROM (Read Only Memory)
5. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
6. Optical Disk Drive (ODD)

17. Mother Board
Each part of Computer Connected through Mother
Board, here we found the Processor which process
our data from our given instruction. It is the
backbone of computer.

18. SMPS
It takes AC(Alternate Current) currents
and converts into DC(Direct Current)
currents and supply electricity to the
other parts of CPU.

19. RAM
It is temporary memory of
Computer. It looses its data
when we turn off our Computer.

20. THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF RAM
• (1). S-RAM (STATIC RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)
• (2). D-RAM (DYNAMIC RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)
• (3). V-RAM (VIDEO RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY)
•THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF ROM.
• (1). P-ROM (PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY)
• (2). EP-ROM (ERELEJEBLE PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY)
• (3). EEPROM (ELECTRONICAL ERASABLE PROGRAMMABE READ ONLY
MEMORY)

21. ROM
It is permanent memory of the
computer its data can’t be changed
or deleted.

22. ODD
It is used to play CD or DVD.
CD : - Compact Disk
:- Digital Versatile/Video Disk

23. Hard Disk Drive
It is storage of the computer,
Here we can store data for
future use.

24. Mouse
•It is also called pointing device, it is used to select or
open any file or folder. It is an input device. Mouse’s old
name was “BUG”.
* Mouse has two buttons and a scroller in the middle.
1) Right Click :- Used to open options.
2) Left Click :- Single Click:-To select any file or folder
Double Left click:-To open any file or folder.

25. KEYBOARD
Keyboard is used to enter data into the
System. Data may be in the form of
Alphabets, Numbers or Symbols. It is an
input device.

26. Types of Keys on Keyboard
•Alphabetical Keys ( A-Z) 26
•Numerical Keys ( 0-9) 20
•Function Keys (F1-F12) 12
•Special Keys ( Enter, Shift, Space, Ctrl,
Delete, Tab etc.)42
• Navigation keys ( )4

27. Uses of some special keys -
1. Space Bar :- To give space between two words or
letters.
2.Enter :- To change the line.
3.Back Space :- To delete the last action.
4.Delete :- to delete any file or folder.
5.Caps lock :- to change capital form to small form to
capital form Permanently.

28. 6. Shift :- to change capital form to small form to capital form
Temporarily.
7. Esc (escape) :- To come out from any Program.
8. Num Lock :- to lock number keys.
9. PgUp (Page Up) :- to make the page up.
10. PgDn (Page Down) :- To make the page down.
11. Tab :- to change the cell or Give more space.
12. Windows Key :- to open start.

29. Shortcut Keys(A to Z) :-
• Ctrl + A = SELECT ALL
• Ctrl + B = Make the selected text Bold
• Ctrl + C = COPY
• Ctrl + D = Delete
• Ctrl + E = Center the text
• Ctrl + F = FIND
• Ctrl + G = Go to
• Ctrl + H = REPLACE
• Ctrl + I = ITALIC
• Ctrl + J = JUSTIFY
• Ctrl + K = INSERT HYPER LINK

30. • Ctrl + S = SAVE Ctrl+L=Left Align
• Ctrl +M= Move Right
• Ctrl+q= Increasing indent
• Ctrl+R = Right Alignment
• Ctrl + U = UNDER LINE Ctrl + V = PASTE
• Ctrl + N = NEW PAGE Ctrl +O = OPEN
• Ctrl + P = PRINT Ctrl + X = CUT
• Ctrl + Y = REDO
• Ctrl + Z = UNDO

31. Use of Function Keys(F1-F12) :-
• F1 :- Help F7 :- Spell Check
• F2 :- Edit/Rename F8:- Lock the camera
• F3 :- Paste F9 :- LOCK THE SCREEN
• F4 :- Repeat Last Action F10 :- Recalculate all workbooks
• F5 :- Go To /Refresh F11 :- New Chart
• F6 :- Next Page F12 :- Save as

32. Uses of scroller
1. To make the page up & down
2. To Zoom-in or Zoom-out.
3.To increase or Decrease the Volume.
4.To make the desktop I-con Big & Small.

33. PARTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
A complete computer system consists of mainly four parts.
1. Hardware (The computer)
2. Software (Programs)
3. Data (Information)
4. User (People)
Hardware :- Any physical or internal part of Computer is
Called Hardware.
Software :- All the running program in computer system is
called software.
Data :- Data is row material which can create any task them
process information/CPU and gives result by output is
called DATA.
Users :-Peoples are the computer operators, also known as
users.

34. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
•It is a battery used to make the
computer continuously on when we
don’t have electricity.

35. Components of Computer
1.Hardware
2.Software
3.User

36. HARDWARE
•Any physical or internal part of
Computer is Called Hardware.
•Ex :- C.P.U, Keyboard, SMPS,
RAM etc.

37. Components of Hardware
Input
Output
Process

38. Input
• The data which is entered into the System is called Input and
the devices used to give Input is called Input Devices.
•Ex:- Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner etc.

39. Output
•The processed Data as result is Called
Output and the devices which is used to
give output is Called Output Devices.
•Ex :- Monitor, Speaker, Printer,
Projector etc.

40. Process
•When computer works on our given
instructions, called process.
Processor is used to process our
data.
•Types of Processor :-
1. Atom Series
2. Pentium Series
3. I-Series

41. Software
•All the running program in computer
system is called software. or/,
•Which computer parts are not
touchable is called software. Which
solve desire problem of machine and
user.It provide by software .
•Ex :- Windows 7/8/10, windows XP,
•Tally, Antivirus etc.

42. Types of Software
There are two types of Software :-
1) System Software
2) Application Software

43. System Software
• System software is also called “OS”[Operating
software]. It is type of software that solve system’s
problem not user’s problem.It create interface
between machine and user.It provide computer’s
life.Without OS we can not operate the computer
system.It manage and maintain whole parts in computer
system.
Example of System Software/Some opplication of os
is:-
{1} Booting management
{2} Security management
{3} Power management
{4} All program management

44. Application Softwares
• The softwares which are made for Some
Specific task, are Called Application
Softwares.
• Ex :- MS-Office, Google Chrome, VLC
media Player etc.
•User :-A person who operate the
computer system is called user. Or,
• Which person is interact with
hardware and software is called user.

45. Memory
•It is also secondary storage device that
store data permanently time.It is called
Micro Chip.It comes in many storage
capacity as :- 1 GB,2GB,4GB more than
128 GB.

46. MEMORY
यह माध्यनमक स्टहरेज नििाइस भी है जह िेटा कह स्थायी रूि से समय िर
संग्रहीत करता है। इसे माइक्रह नचि कहा जाता है। यह कई स्टहरेज क्षमता
में आता है: - 1 जीबी, 2 जीबी, 128 जीबी से 4 जीबी अनधक।

47. •Primary Memory (Main Memory)
Primary memory is also known as internal
memory. It is main memory of computer system
that store data temporary time. Before
processing any data store in primary memory.
RAM and ROM are examples of Primary
memory.

48. Characteristics of Primary/Main Memory
•These are semiconductor memories.
•It is known as main memory.
•Data is lost in case power is switched off.
•It is working memory of the computer.
•Faster than secondary memories.
•A computer cannot run without primary
memory.

49. •Secondary Memory
This type of memory is also known as
external memory or non-volatile. It is
slower than main memory. These are
used for storing data/Information
permanently. CPU can access it. For
example: disk, CD-ROM, DVD etc.

50. Characteristics of Secondary Memory
•These are magnetic and optical memory.
• It is known as backup memory.
• Data is permanent stored even if power is switched off.
•It is used for storage of data in a computer.
• Computer may run without secondary memory.

51. Measurement Unit(Memory)
• 4 Nibble :- 1 Bit
• 8 Bit :- 1 Byte
• 1024 Byte :- 1 Kb (Kilo Byte)
• 1024 Kb :- 1 Mb (Mega Byte)
• 1024 Mb :- 1 Gb (Giga Byte)
• 1024 Gb :- 1 Tb (Tera Byte)
• 1024 Tb :- 1 Pb (Penta Byte)
• 1024 Pb :- 1 Eb (Exa Byte)
• 1024 Eb :- 1 Zb (Zetta Byte)
• 1024 Zb :- 1 Yb (Yotta Byte)
• 1024 Yb :- 1 BB (Bronoto Byte)
• 1024 BB :- 1 Geb(Geop Byte)

52. Storage
•The space where we store data for future use is
called Storage. It is also called Secondary,
auxiliary/Assistant , permanent and Mass
Storage.

53. िह स्थाि जहां हम भनिष्य क
े उियहग क
े नलए िेटा स्टहर करते हैं
उसे संग्रहण कहा जाता है। इसे माध्यनमक, सहायक, स्थायी और
मास भंिारण भी कहा जाता है
Storage भंिारण

54. Storage Devices
•Floppy Disk – Floppy Disk is a storage device
and transferable from one computer to
another. The floppy disk comes in two basic
sizes such as 5.25 inches and 3.5 inches in
diameter.

55. •Hard Disk – It is used to store data, its
storing capacity is GB (Giga Byte) –
TB(Tera Byte).
•External Hard Disk – It is used to store
data and transferable from one
computer to another.

56. CD-ROM – It is generally used to distribute
Computer software, games, and
multimedia applications. Its storing
capacity is up to 650MB – 700MB.
Flash Drive – It used to share data such as
documents, photos, music, videos etc.
from one computer to another computer.
Its storing capacity is 16MB – 64GB.

57. Smart Card - It is used to Store our Bio
data and information about us.
 Cloud Storage – Cloud storage is an
Internet service that provides storage to
Computer users.
Such as - Flickr, Picasa, YouTube, Facebook, Email etc.

58. Version of window
Name Release Date
1. Windows 1.0 20 November 1985
2. Windows 2.0 9 December 1987
3. Windows 3.0 22 May 1990
4. Windows 3.1 April 1992
5. Windows NT 27 July 1993
6. Windows 95 24 August 1995
7. Windows 98 25 June 1998
8. Windows 2000 17 February 2000
9. Windows Me 14 September 2000
10.Windows XP 25 October 2001
11.Windows Vista 30 January 2007
12.Windows 7 22 October 2009
13.Windows 8 26 October 2012
14.Windows 8.1 18 October 2013
15.Windows 10 29 July 2015
16.Windows server 2016 27 Sep. 2016

59. Notepad :-
• Notepad is simple text program that used to create small size of text file. It is
not better than WordPad and MS-Word. It used to create small document file as
– Letter, Application etc.
• The extension name of notepad program is .txt (text) and default file
name is Untitle Notepad.
1. How to start Notepad?
2. First of all click on Start button.
3. Then click on all programs and then click on Accessories.
4. Last click on Notepad.

60. WordPad:-
• WordPad is word processing program that used to create small
document file. It is better than Notepad.
• How to open WordPad Program?
• First of all click on Start button.
• Then click on all programs and then click on Accessories.
• Last click on WordPad.

61. MS-Paint:-
• MS-Paint stand for Microsoft Paint. It used to create any types of
graphic/picture. It provide many facilities and feature to create any
Image.
• The extension name of MS-Paint is .bmp (bit map picture)
and file name is untitle paint.
• How to Start Paint?
• First of all click on Start button.
• Then click on all programs and then click on Accessories.
• Last click on MS-Paint.
• Run :- Run option is used to run any programs. It’s shortcut key
Window +R.

62. Some special option
• New :- New option is used to insert new page.
• Open :- Open option is used to open saved file of display previous file. It’s
shortcut key :- ctrl + o.
• Save :- Save option is used to save any file. It’s shortcut key :- ctrl + s.
• Save as :- Save as option is used to create duplicate file. It’s shortcut key :- F12.
• Print :- This option is used to print any page or file. It’s shortcut key :- ctrl + p.