This study compared the effectiveness of passive stretching and massage on preventing symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in normal adults. 50 subjects performed eccentric exercises to induce DOMS in their biceps, then were randomly assigned to receive either passive stretching or massage. Pain, range of motion, and swelling were measured before and after the interventions, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Massage decreased pain immediately after more than stretching, and improved range of motion recovery at all timepoints compared to stretching. However, both interventions had equal effects on reducing pain at later timepoints and reducing swelling. The results show that massage may provide faster relief of DOMS symptoms than passive stretching.
Comparison of Passive Stretching Versus Massage on Preventing the Symptoms of...dbpublications
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching versus massage on preventing the symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness in normal adults. STUDY DESIGN: Quasi- Experimental study design. SUBJECTS: 50subjects, with the age group of 18-21 years of both the genders were selected. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups (Group A& Group B), 25 subjects in Group A received passive stretching and 25 subjects in Group B received Massage after 3 hours of inducing DOMS. OUTCOME MEASURE: Pain, Elbow Range of Motion and swelling were assessed by Visual analogue scale, goniometer, Inch tape. RESULTS: Statistical analysis was done by using independent ‘t’ test and paired ‘t’ test which showed there is no statistical significant difference between Group A(Passive stretching) and Group B(Massage). CONCLUSION: The result of this study concludes that massage decreased the pain immediately after intervention and regained the Elbow Range of Motion at immediately at 24 hours, at 48 hours and 72 hours than passive stretching. But massage and passive stretching has equal effect on pain reduction at 24hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after intervention. Similarly they both have equal effect on Arm Circumference.
Effect of Yogasana Training on Low Back Pain among College Playersiosrjce
The subjects of the study were 40 students from SGGS Khalsa College Mahilpur, District
Hoshiarpur, India and the subjects were divided into two groups. One control group and one experimental
group. Ayurvedic massage training for 3 month was assigned to experimental group (5 days a week) and control
group was not allowed to undergo any experimental treatment, but they are permitted to do their daily routine
work. From the selected subjects (N=40) pretest (initial) and post test (after training) was conducted on the
criterion measures (Sit and Reach Test, Trunk Extension Test, Bridge Up Test, Sit Up Test and assessment of
pain through visual analogue) at the start and the end of the experimental training programme. The data
pertaining to selected hematological variables were analyzed by t- ratio to determine the difference between
initial and final mean for control group and experimental group. The significant difference was seen at 0.05
level of confidence (0.05 = 4.096). The study concluded that there is a significant improvement in reducing the
low back pain due to Ayurvedic massage training programme
Physical therapy exercises for low back painHealthQuest
Physical therapy exercises are highly acclaimed solutions for low back pain. Under proper guidance, you can undertake various physical therapy exercises to reduce pain and bring back muscle strength.
Difficulty walking and Impaired balance are some of the more common challenges for individuals with Parkinsons Disease PD and Elder people, They contribute to reduced levels of activity and participation in the community. These impairments are also predictive of future falls and fall related injury. Identifying what types of interventions improve mobility performance in this population is important to guide clinical decision making.Jogging is a popular exercise. It is known that the jogger’s knees suffer from significant impact especially at the moment that the foot hits the ground. The knees could be easily injured after constantly taking the impacts for a period of time. Therefore, many exercisers such as elliptical exercisers, stepper, and air walker are developed to guide the feet Move along one trajectory that is similar to that of real jogging, only that the knees are well protected from being impacted and injured.MLLE will have totally different design compared to elliptical exerciser which has flat surface to climb easily for elder people, Ergonomically designed seat for comfortable seating position, curved foot roller for easy exercise. Anil Raj. M | Lavanyan. R | Joseph Bensingh. R | Natarajan. S | Gabriel. A | Suganth. V "Movable Lower Limb Exerciser" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45036.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45036/movable-lower-limb-exerciser/anil-raj-m
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...YogeshIJTSRD
BACKGROUND Breathing exercise is one of the extremely recurrent techniques used for universal pain relief on child bearing. During the first stage of labour, such breathing techniques can encourage physical relief by decrease muscles tension and encourage emotional relief by reducing the level of pain and well oxygenated muscles function more successfully and fruitful. Objective To assess pain level among primigravida women during the first stage of labor in experimental group and control group before practicing patterned breathing technique. -¢ To assess pain level among primigravida women during first stage of labor in experimental group and control group after practicing patterned breathing technique. -¢ To compare the pain level among primigravida women in experimental and control group. Methods A comprehensive systematic search of published literature and journal articles from Pubmed to evaluate the effectiveness of patterned breathing technique on pain during first stage of labour among primigravida mothers that are focusing till 2017. Result The researcher found that the mean pre test score of pain level in primigravida women before practicing Patterned breathing technique in experimental was 2.6 which is less than control group which is 2.8 with a mean difference of 0.2 , which is not significant as evident from -˜z’ value of 1.68 which is less than 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion It was concluded from the statistical tests that practicing selected Patterned breathing technique was effective in reduction of pain among primigravida women during first stage of labor. Analysis of data showed that there was a significant difference between pre test and post test pain scores of pain level in experimental group after practicing Patterned breathing technique and without practicing Patterned breathing technique control group. Shahnaj Qumer "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pain during First Stage of Labour among Primigravida Mothers Admitted in Selected Hospital at Moradabad" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43786.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/43786/a-study-to-evaluate-the-effectiveness-of-patterned-breathing-technique-on-pain-during-first-stage-of-labour-among-primigravida-mothers-admitted-in-selected-hospital-at-moradabad/shahnaj-qumer
Comparison of Passive Stretching Versus Massage on Preventing the Symptoms of...dbpublications
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching versus massage on preventing the symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness in normal adults. STUDY DESIGN: Quasi- Experimental study design. SUBJECTS: 50subjects, with the age group of 18-21 years of both the genders were selected. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups (Group A& Group B), 25 subjects in Group A received passive stretching and 25 subjects in Group B received Massage after 3 hours of inducing DOMS. OUTCOME MEASURE: Pain, Elbow Range of Motion and swelling were assessed by Visual analogue scale, goniometer, Inch tape. RESULTS: Statistical analysis was done by using independent ‘t’ test and paired ‘t’ test which showed there is no statistical significant difference between Group A(Passive stretching) and Group B(Massage). CONCLUSION: The result of this study concludes that massage decreased the pain immediately after intervention and regained the Elbow Range of Motion at immediately at 24 hours, at 48 hours and 72 hours than passive stretching. But massage and passive stretching has equal effect on pain reduction at 24hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after intervention. Similarly they both have equal effect on Arm Circumference.
Effect of Yogasana Training on Low Back Pain among College Playersiosrjce
The subjects of the study were 40 students from SGGS Khalsa College Mahilpur, District
Hoshiarpur, India and the subjects were divided into two groups. One control group and one experimental
group. Ayurvedic massage training for 3 month was assigned to experimental group (5 days a week) and control
group was not allowed to undergo any experimental treatment, but they are permitted to do their daily routine
work. From the selected subjects (N=40) pretest (initial) and post test (after training) was conducted on the
criterion measures (Sit and Reach Test, Trunk Extension Test, Bridge Up Test, Sit Up Test and assessment of
pain through visual analogue) at the start and the end of the experimental training programme. The data
pertaining to selected hematological variables were analyzed by t- ratio to determine the difference between
initial and final mean for control group and experimental group. The significant difference was seen at 0.05
level of confidence (0.05 = 4.096). The study concluded that there is a significant improvement in reducing the
low back pain due to Ayurvedic massage training programme
Physical therapy exercises for low back painHealthQuest
Physical therapy exercises are highly acclaimed solutions for low back pain. Under proper guidance, you can undertake various physical therapy exercises to reduce pain and bring back muscle strength.
Difficulty walking and Impaired balance are some of the more common challenges for individuals with Parkinsons Disease PD and Elder people, They contribute to reduced levels of activity and participation in the community. These impairments are also predictive of future falls and fall related injury. Identifying what types of interventions improve mobility performance in this population is important to guide clinical decision making.Jogging is a popular exercise. It is known that the jogger’s knees suffer from significant impact especially at the moment that the foot hits the ground. The knees could be easily injured after constantly taking the impacts for a period of time. Therefore, many exercisers such as elliptical exercisers, stepper, and air walker are developed to guide the feet Move along one trajectory that is similar to that of real jogging, only that the knees are well protected from being impacted and injured.MLLE will have totally different design compared to elliptical exerciser which has flat surface to climb easily for elder people, Ergonomically designed seat for comfortable seating position, curved foot roller for easy exercise. Anil Raj. M | Lavanyan. R | Joseph Bensingh. R | Natarajan. S | Gabriel. A | Suganth. V "Movable Lower Limb Exerciser" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45036.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45036/movable-lower-limb-exerciser/anil-raj-m
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pai...YogeshIJTSRD
BACKGROUND Breathing exercise is one of the extremely recurrent techniques used for universal pain relief on child bearing. During the first stage of labour, such breathing techniques can encourage physical relief by decrease muscles tension and encourage emotional relief by reducing the level of pain and well oxygenated muscles function more successfully and fruitful. Objective To assess pain level among primigravida women during the first stage of labor in experimental group and control group before practicing patterned breathing technique. -¢ To assess pain level among primigravida women during first stage of labor in experimental group and control group after practicing patterned breathing technique. -¢ To compare the pain level among primigravida women in experimental and control group. Methods A comprehensive systematic search of published literature and journal articles from Pubmed to evaluate the effectiveness of patterned breathing technique on pain during first stage of labour among primigravida mothers that are focusing till 2017. Result The researcher found that the mean pre test score of pain level in primigravida women before practicing Patterned breathing technique in experimental was 2.6 which is less than control group which is 2.8 with a mean difference of 0.2 , which is not significant as evident from -˜z’ value of 1.68 which is less than 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion It was concluded from the statistical tests that practicing selected Patterned breathing technique was effective in reduction of pain among primigravida women during first stage of labor. Analysis of data showed that there was a significant difference between pre test and post test pain scores of pain level in experimental group after practicing Patterned breathing technique and without practicing Patterned breathing technique control group. Shahnaj Qumer "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Patterned Breathing Technique on Pain during First Stage of Labour among Primigravida Mothers Admitted in Selected Hospital at Moradabad" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43786.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/43786/a-study-to-evaluate-the-effectiveness-of-patterned-breathing-technique-on-pain-during-first-stage-of-labour-among-primigravida-mothers-admitted-in-selected-hospital-at-moradabad/shahnaj-qumer
How los angeles chiropractor provides chiropractic care for back painDr.Joeseph Hakimi
How Los Angeles Chiropractor Provides Chiropractic Care For Back Pain
https://bit.ly/3AzOTTO
Back pain affects everyone, from youth to the elderly. This problem may affect anybody, from professional athletes to working professionals.
With spinal manipulation, this back pain can be reduced.
If you are looking for a lower back adjustment Chiropractor in Los Angeles, we have the perfect chiropractic care for back pain for you!
Back pain might make it difficult to go about your daily activities, and pain relievers don't last very long. Spinal manipulation is the answer to this problem.
Chiropractic care for back pain is extremely successful and uses a variety of approaches. A chiropractor employs manual procedures such as lower back adjustment chiropractor to help people heal from back pain.
Each patient's level of back pain is different. The chiropractor in Los Angeles country examines and locates the specific source of discomfort before performing chiropractic care for back pain.
The chiropractor of Los Angeles Healthcare studies the x-ray and MRI and accordingly, a chiropractic plan of spinal manipulation is made.
Chiropractic care for back pain helps to reduce inflammation and tightness in muscles. This is turn, reduces back pain.
There are various methods is used in Los Angeles healthcare to perform spinal manipulation chiropractic adjustment in order to reduce back pain.
After the recovery, the lower back adjustment chiropractor designs and gives exercises to the patient suffering from back pain. This is done to have a long-lasting effect on spinal manipulation treatment.
Chiropractic care for back pain usually lasts for 15-20 days. But it all depends on the severity of back pain and the pace of recovery of the patient.
Chiropractic care for back pain in Los Angeles healthcare has been proven very effective.
Get spinal manipulation for your back pain done today!
Are you looking for the best chiropractor in Los Angeles? - https://bit.ly/3c4cVgn
Like, Share and Subscribe: https://bit.ly/3buuwxG
#chiropracticadjustment #backpain #losangeles
To Compare The Effect Of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Program Ve...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Low back pain has been a matter of concern, affecting up to 90% of population at some point in
their lifetime, up to 50% have more than one episode. People of all age group can be affected by this menace
irrespective to their gender and quality of life. It has become one of the leading causes for the visit to physician
thus also puts a heavy burden on the currency of the country. Physiotherapy is the most widely used form of
treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. The exercises include stretching, strengthening, range
of motion exercises, McKenzie therapy and core stability exercises other techniques like Proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation program etc. It has been concluded in various studies core stability exercises and
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation are beneficial in low back pain patients but comparison of their effect
needs to be established to provide early and better relief from the disability. Therefore objective of the study was
to compare the effect of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program and Core stabilization exercises on
low back pain patients. 40 subjects aged 30 – 50 years with low back pain for more than 4 weeks were made
part of the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were then divided into two groups named A, B.
Group A received Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and group B received Core stabilization exercises
and hot pack given initially for 10-15 minutes to the lower back. The exercise program was given for 4 weeks
with a total of 24 sessions and progression of the activity was made within the tolerance of the patient. Pre and
post treatment readings were taken of pain, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and Functional Reach Test.
Results were analyzed using paired, unpaired t- test. Results showed that there is significant effect on pain,
Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and Functional Reach Test in the two groups but group A was clinically
more significant than groups B. The study concluded that patients with low back pain are benefitted more by
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program. So, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program
should be practiced more.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Core Stabilization Exercises, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation.
How chiropractor in los angeles provides superior healthDr.Joeseph Hakimi
How Chiropractor In Los Angeles Provides Superior Health?
https://bit.ly/3kULg6b
A professional Chiropractor does chiropractic adjustment, in order to reduce pain.
Chiropractic manipulation is done using various hands-on techniques and instruments.
One of the biggest advantages of chiropractic is that it releases stress and anxiety.
Along with this, chiropractic adjustment also results in speedy recovery.
Chiropractic manipulation prevents disorders. Other advantages of a chiropractic adjustment are It improves joint and muscle mobility function.
If you have a weak immune system, a chiropractic adjustment will improve that.
Chiropractic manipulation also has the advantage of the improvement of muscle mobility.
Chiropractic adjustments are also known as chiropractic manipulations as it consists use controlled force deemed manipulation.
There is a chiropractic method called the Activator technique. This chiropractic method is done using a device.
Another Chiropractic Method is the Flexion-Distraction Therapy. In this, a specially designed table is used to perform Chiropractic manipulation.
Flexion-Distraction Therapy is a chiropractic method where chiropractors find trigger points and release them.
A skilled and professional chiropractor does all these chiropractic manipulations in order to solve the issues you are facing.
Are you looking for the best chiropractor in Los Angeles? - https://bit.ly/3c4cVgn
Like, Share and Subscribe: https://bit.ly/3buuwxG
#chiropracticadjustment #chiropracticmanipulation #losangeles
Free Sample copy of TSM MSK 07 Transformational Shift module for chronic pain complete with energetic downloads for more information visit our website www.VisualizeHealth.net
Whole Health is part of collaborative effort by the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, VA Office of Patient Care and Cultural Transformation, and University of Wisconsin Integrative Health Program to transform healthcare and help people live healthier, happier lives, and more purpose-driven lives.
Learn more: https://wholehealth.wisc.edu/courses-training/whole-health-for-pain-and-suffering/
Effect of yogic asana on Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) to increasing ...Sports Journal
Frozen shoulder is a condition that causes restriction of motion in the shoulder joint. Frozen shoulder
cause the capsulitis surrounding the shoulder joint to contract and from scar tissue. Yogic exercise is vital
in maintaining good range of motion (ROM) with joint and the flexibility of muscles. though there are
different yogic asana for the treatment of frozen shoulder but the aim of the study was to compare the
effect of sleeper stretch and yogic asana intervention for increasing the internal rotation in frozen
shoulder and which one is more beneficial for the treatment of frozen shoulder and to increase its internal
rotation which can be recommended for the treatment.
Dr Ananda's invited article on Yoga for Dental Professional : Scope and Simplified Practices published in the Journal of Scientific Dentistry, 2017;7(1):1-11
Living with Arthritis - Lauren Kennish - 10.15.19Summit Health
By conservative estimates, nearly 40 million people in the U.S. are affected by some form of arthritis. Slightly more than half of those cases suffer from osteoarthritis, which is degenerative, and a small percentage suffer from rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, autoimmune disorders that inflame the lining of the joints. Our expert will provide an overview of different types of arthritis, with a focus on symptoms, diagnosis, and new treatment and management strategies.
Assessment and management of complex pain conditionsSaurab Sharma
This was a presentation made at NITTE University during their first Physiotherapy Conference where I was invited as a Speaker. I am posting this thinking if this will be useful revision for those who attended and may be of some use to those who could not listen.
Lower back pain is a common health issue. Besides medication, chiropractic, physical therapy and advanced interventional therapy are important modes of back pain management.
Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic C...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Neck pain is a common degenerative condition which is associated with poor posture and advanced age related to wear and tear. It is the one of the causes of dysfunction, like low back pain. Neck pain is one of the most common conditions for referral management by a physical therapist. The most commonly intervention for the management of neck pain are exercise and rest followed by analgesics. Despite the prevalence of neck pain, there is a lack of evidence for commonly used rehabilitation interventions. OBJECTIVE To find out the effect of structured progressive exercise protocol for patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. METHODOLOGY A quantitative experimental research approach with pre test post test control group design was conducted in CIRS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The sample comprised of 60 patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. The samples were purposively selected and conveniently assigned to 30 in each experimental and control group. The background data were taken through structured interview schedule. Followed by assessment of cervical pain through structured pain assessment proforma, visual analog scale and the neck disability index. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, median, and “t” test. RESULTS The significant findings of the study were that, the mean post test Pain as well as NDI scores were significantly lower than the mean pre test scores of the experimental group and control group. Mean post test mean 3.3 , SD 1.93 of level of cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 4.8 , SD 1.27 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.70. df, 28 at 0.05 level of significance. Similarly, the post test mean 5.48 and SD 0.62 of neck disability index in cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 7.11 and SD 0.28 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.01at df, 28 differed significantly at 0.05 level of significance. CONCLUSION Findings of the study revealed that structured exercise protocol would be very helpful in alleviating chronic cervical spine pain and found to be more effective in experimental group than the control group. Punyashloka Nayak | Debajani Nayak "Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic Cervical Spine Pain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33332.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/33332/effect-of-structured-progressive-exercise-protocol-on-management-of-chronic-cervical-spine-pain/punyashloka-nayak
A study to assess the effectiveness of paced breathing versus back massage fo...pharmaindexing
Introduction: Labour pain is unique and induces a type of acute pain. Pain associated with labour was accepted as a necessary part of child birth. The concept of painless childbirth gave rise to many scientific discoveries and researches. As a result, different non-pharmacologic techniques were tried out to relieve labour pain. There are a number of non-pharmacological methods which can help women to relax during contractions. The breathing techniques, massage, simple back rubbing and positioning are also widely used as an active way of handling the discomfort during labour.
Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of paced breathing and back massage in labor pain management.
The following objectives were set for the study:
To assess the demographic variables of the antenatal mothers.
To determine the effectiveness of paced breathing in Group I.
To determine the effectiveness of back massage in Group II.
To compare the effectiveness of paced breathing with back massage.
Methodology: The conceptual frame work of the study was based on the Wiedenbach’s prescriptive theory. The study made use of quasi experimental design with 2 groups. Purposive sampling method was used to select the samples. The total numberof samples was 200 in which 100 samples for each group for the study. The first obtained 100 samples were allotted for group I and the second obtained 100 samples were allotted for group II.The tool used in this study was visual analogue scale for pain assessment. The paced breathing was implied for Group I and back massage was implied for Group II for one hour each. The level of pain was assessed by using visual analogue scale for both group I and group II respectively. The gathered data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
The major findings of the study were: There was significant difference between pre assessment and post assessment level of pain (‘t’value=16.066) in Group I.There was significant difference between pre assessment and post assessment level of pain (‘t’value=12.961) in Group II. There was no major difference between post assessment level of pain in Group I and Group II. The post assessment mean score of pain in Group II (3.58) was lower than the post assessment mean score of pain in Group I (3.78), the independent ‘t’ value was 0.5.
Conclusion: Labour pain is the natural process among the labouring mothers. It is the responsibility of the nurse to reduce the level of pain as much as possible by various nonpharmacological measures. In this aspect, measures like paced breathing and back massage have proven to be one of the effective nonpharmacological measures. So the investigator recommends that the nurse can use these measures in the labour ward.
How los angeles chiropractor provides chiropractic care for back painDr.Joeseph Hakimi
How Los Angeles Chiropractor Provides Chiropractic Care For Back Pain
https://bit.ly/3AzOTTO
Back pain affects everyone, from youth to the elderly. This problem may affect anybody, from professional athletes to working professionals.
With spinal manipulation, this back pain can be reduced.
If you are looking for a lower back adjustment Chiropractor in Los Angeles, we have the perfect chiropractic care for back pain for you!
Back pain might make it difficult to go about your daily activities, and pain relievers don't last very long. Spinal manipulation is the answer to this problem.
Chiropractic care for back pain is extremely successful and uses a variety of approaches. A chiropractor employs manual procedures such as lower back adjustment chiropractor to help people heal from back pain.
Each patient's level of back pain is different. The chiropractor in Los Angeles country examines and locates the specific source of discomfort before performing chiropractic care for back pain.
The chiropractor of Los Angeles Healthcare studies the x-ray and MRI and accordingly, a chiropractic plan of spinal manipulation is made.
Chiropractic care for back pain helps to reduce inflammation and tightness in muscles. This is turn, reduces back pain.
There are various methods is used in Los Angeles healthcare to perform spinal manipulation chiropractic adjustment in order to reduce back pain.
After the recovery, the lower back adjustment chiropractor designs and gives exercises to the patient suffering from back pain. This is done to have a long-lasting effect on spinal manipulation treatment.
Chiropractic care for back pain usually lasts for 15-20 days. But it all depends on the severity of back pain and the pace of recovery of the patient.
Chiropractic care for back pain in Los Angeles healthcare has been proven very effective.
Get spinal manipulation for your back pain done today!
Are you looking for the best chiropractor in Los Angeles? - https://bit.ly/3c4cVgn
Like, Share and Subscribe: https://bit.ly/3buuwxG
#chiropracticadjustment #backpain #losangeles
To Compare The Effect Of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Program Ve...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Low back pain has been a matter of concern, affecting up to 90% of population at some point in
their lifetime, up to 50% have more than one episode. People of all age group can be affected by this menace
irrespective to their gender and quality of life. It has become one of the leading causes for the visit to physician
thus also puts a heavy burden on the currency of the country. Physiotherapy is the most widely used form of
treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. The exercises include stretching, strengthening, range
of motion exercises, McKenzie therapy and core stability exercises other techniques like Proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation program etc. It has been concluded in various studies core stability exercises and
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation are beneficial in low back pain patients but comparison of their effect
needs to be established to provide early and better relief from the disability. Therefore objective of the study was
to compare the effect of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program and Core stabilization exercises on
low back pain patients. 40 subjects aged 30 – 50 years with low back pain for more than 4 weeks were made
part of the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were then divided into two groups named A, B.
Group A received Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and group B received Core stabilization exercises
and hot pack given initially for 10-15 minutes to the lower back. The exercise program was given for 4 weeks
with a total of 24 sessions and progression of the activity was made within the tolerance of the patient. Pre and
post treatment readings were taken of pain, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and Functional Reach Test.
Results were analyzed using paired, unpaired t- test. Results showed that there is significant effect on pain,
Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and Functional Reach Test in the two groups but group A was clinically
more significant than groups B. The study concluded that patients with low back pain are benefitted more by
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program. So, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program
should be practiced more.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Core Stabilization Exercises, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation.
How chiropractor in los angeles provides superior healthDr.Joeseph Hakimi
How Chiropractor In Los Angeles Provides Superior Health?
https://bit.ly/3kULg6b
A professional Chiropractor does chiropractic adjustment, in order to reduce pain.
Chiropractic manipulation is done using various hands-on techniques and instruments.
One of the biggest advantages of chiropractic is that it releases stress and anxiety.
Along with this, chiropractic adjustment also results in speedy recovery.
Chiropractic manipulation prevents disorders. Other advantages of a chiropractic adjustment are It improves joint and muscle mobility function.
If you have a weak immune system, a chiropractic adjustment will improve that.
Chiropractic manipulation also has the advantage of the improvement of muscle mobility.
Chiropractic adjustments are also known as chiropractic manipulations as it consists use controlled force deemed manipulation.
There is a chiropractic method called the Activator technique. This chiropractic method is done using a device.
Another Chiropractic Method is the Flexion-Distraction Therapy. In this, a specially designed table is used to perform Chiropractic manipulation.
Flexion-Distraction Therapy is a chiropractic method where chiropractors find trigger points and release them.
A skilled and professional chiropractor does all these chiropractic manipulations in order to solve the issues you are facing.
Are you looking for the best chiropractor in Los Angeles? - https://bit.ly/3c4cVgn
Like, Share and Subscribe: https://bit.ly/3buuwxG
#chiropracticadjustment #chiropracticmanipulation #losangeles
Free Sample copy of TSM MSK 07 Transformational Shift module for chronic pain complete with energetic downloads for more information visit our website www.VisualizeHealth.net
Whole Health is part of collaborative effort by the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, VA Office of Patient Care and Cultural Transformation, and University of Wisconsin Integrative Health Program to transform healthcare and help people live healthier, happier lives, and more purpose-driven lives.
Learn more: https://wholehealth.wisc.edu/courses-training/whole-health-for-pain-and-suffering/
Effect of yogic asana on Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) to increasing ...Sports Journal
Frozen shoulder is a condition that causes restriction of motion in the shoulder joint. Frozen shoulder
cause the capsulitis surrounding the shoulder joint to contract and from scar tissue. Yogic exercise is vital
in maintaining good range of motion (ROM) with joint and the flexibility of muscles. though there are
different yogic asana for the treatment of frozen shoulder but the aim of the study was to compare the
effect of sleeper stretch and yogic asana intervention for increasing the internal rotation in frozen
shoulder and which one is more beneficial for the treatment of frozen shoulder and to increase its internal
rotation which can be recommended for the treatment.
Dr Ananda's invited article on Yoga for Dental Professional : Scope and Simplified Practices published in the Journal of Scientific Dentistry, 2017;7(1):1-11
Living with Arthritis - Lauren Kennish - 10.15.19Summit Health
By conservative estimates, nearly 40 million people in the U.S. are affected by some form of arthritis. Slightly more than half of those cases suffer from osteoarthritis, which is degenerative, and a small percentage suffer from rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, autoimmune disorders that inflame the lining of the joints. Our expert will provide an overview of different types of arthritis, with a focus on symptoms, diagnosis, and new treatment and management strategies.
Assessment and management of complex pain conditionsSaurab Sharma
This was a presentation made at NITTE University during their first Physiotherapy Conference where I was invited as a Speaker. I am posting this thinking if this will be useful revision for those who attended and may be of some use to those who could not listen.
Lower back pain is a common health issue. Besides medication, chiropractic, physical therapy and advanced interventional therapy are important modes of back pain management.
Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic C...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Neck pain is a common degenerative condition which is associated with poor posture and advanced age related to wear and tear. It is the one of the causes of dysfunction, like low back pain. Neck pain is one of the most common conditions for referral management by a physical therapist. The most commonly intervention for the management of neck pain are exercise and rest followed by analgesics. Despite the prevalence of neck pain, there is a lack of evidence for commonly used rehabilitation interventions. OBJECTIVE To find out the effect of structured progressive exercise protocol for patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. METHODOLOGY A quantitative experimental research approach with pre test post test control group design was conducted in CIRS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The sample comprised of 60 patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. The samples were purposively selected and conveniently assigned to 30 in each experimental and control group. The background data were taken through structured interview schedule. Followed by assessment of cervical pain through structured pain assessment proforma, visual analog scale and the neck disability index. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, median, and “t” test. RESULTS The significant findings of the study were that, the mean post test Pain as well as NDI scores were significantly lower than the mean pre test scores of the experimental group and control group. Mean post test mean 3.3 , SD 1.93 of level of cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 4.8 , SD 1.27 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.70. df, 28 at 0.05 level of significance. Similarly, the post test mean 5.48 and SD 0.62 of neck disability index in cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 7.11 and SD 0.28 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.01at df, 28 differed significantly at 0.05 level of significance. CONCLUSION Findings of the study revealed that structured exercise protocol would be very helpful in alleviating chronic cervical spine pain and found to be more effective in experimental group than the control group. Punyashloka Nayak | Debajani Nayak "Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic Cervical Spine Pain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33332.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/33332/effect-of-structured-progressive-exercise-protocol-on-management-of-chronic-cervical-spine-pain/punyashloka-nayak
A study to assess the effectiveness of paced breathing versus back massage fo...pharmaindexing
Introduction: Labour pain is unique and induces a type of acute pain. Pain associated with labour was accepted as a necessary part of child birth. The concept of painless childbirth gave rise to many scientific discoveries and researches. As a result, different non-pharmacologic techniques were tried out to relieve labour pain. There are a number of non-pharmacological methods which can help women to relax during contractions. The breathing techniques, massage, simple back rubbing and positioning are also widely used as an active way of handling the discomfort during labour.
Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of paced breathing and back massage in labor pain management.
The following objectives were set for the study:
To assess the demographic variables of the antenatal mothers.
To determine the effectiveness of paced breathing in Group I.
To determine the effectiveness of back massage in Group II.
To compare the effectiveness of paced breathing with back massage.
Methodology: The conceptual frame work of the study was based on the Wiedenbach’s prescriptive theory. The study made use of quasi experimental design with 2 groups. Purposive sampling method was used to select the samples. The total numberof samples was 200 in which 100 samples for each group for the study. The first obtained 100 samples were allotted for group I and the second obtained 100 samples were allotted for group II.The tool used in this study was visual analogue scale for pain assessment. The paced breathing was implied for Group I and back massage was implied for Group II for one hour each. The level of pain was assessed by using visual analogue scale for both group I and group II respectively. The gathered data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
The major findings of the study were: There was significant difference between pre assessment and post assessment level of pain (‘t’value=16.066) in Group I.There was significant difference between pre assessment and post assessment level of pain (‘t’value=12.961) in Group II. There was no major difference between post assessment level of pain in Group I and Group II. The post assessment mean score of pain in Group II (3.58) was lower than the post assessment mean score of pain in Group I (3.78), the independent ‘t’ value was 0.5.
Conclusion: Labour pain is the natural process among the labouring mothers. It is the responsibility of the nurse to reduce the level of pain as much as possible by various nonpharmacological measures. In this aspect, measures like paced breathing and back massage have proven to be one of the effective nonpharmacological measures. So the investigator recommends that the nurse can use these measures in the labour ward.
(zaid hijab) 4th stage
Rehabilitation of sciatica
Sciatica is a common pain syndrome, considering that ∼10% of low back pain
episodes, which have a lifetime cumulative incidence of 80%, will be accompanied
by sciatica. Nerve root compression by disc herniation is regarded as the most
frequent cause of sciatica.
College of
Health and medical technology
Baghdad
Department of
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
Effect of Deep Oscillation as a Recovery Method after Fatiguing Soccer TrainingMary Fickling
A Randomized Cross-Over Study
Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, In press, accepted manuscript, Available online 16 October 2018
Simon von Stengel, Marc Teschler, Anja Weissenfels, Sebastian Willert, Wolfgang Kemmler
To Compare The Effect Of Core Stability Exercises And Muscle Energy Technique...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Low back pain is considered one of the commonest condition in the western and industrialized
countries. It is estimated that up to 50% of adults experience low back pain during their life span. People of all
age group can be effected by this menace irrespective to their gender and quality of life. It has become one of
the leading causes for the visit to physician thus also puts a heavy burden on the currency of the country.
Physiotherapy is the most widely used form of treatment adopted for gaining relief from low back pain. The
exercises include stretching, strengthening, range of motion exercises, McKenzie therapy and core stability
exercises other techniques like muscle energy technique etc. It has been concluded in various studies core
stability exercises and muscle energy technique are beneficial in low back pain patients but comparison of their
effect needs to be established to provide early and better relief from the disability. Therefore objective of the
study was to compare the effect of core stability exercises and muscle energy techniques on low back pain
patients. 60 subjects aged 18 – 45 years with low back pain were made part of the study based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria and were then divided into three groups named A, B and C. Group A received core stability
exercise and conventional physiotheraphy and group B received muscle energy techniques and conventional
physiotherapy. The exercise program was given on alternate days with a total of 24 sessions and progression of
the activity was made within the tolerance of the patient. Pre and post treatment readings were taken of pain,
ROM and quality of life scale. Results were analyzed using paired, unpaired t- test and ANOVA. Results showed
that there is significant effect on pain, ROM and quality of life scale in the three groups but group A was
clinically more significant than the other groups. The study concluded that patients with low back pain are
benefitted more by core stability exercises. So, core stability exercises should be practiced more.
Keywords: Low Back Pain, Core Stabilization Exercises, Muscle Energy Technique.
Objective: To assess the effect of a kinesitherapeutic
program of special exercises for treatment of pain intensity and
endurance of the extensor trunk muscles in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
Methods: The study included 110 patients with chronic
lumbalgy, equally distributed in two treatment groups.
Participants in the experimental group performed the
recommended special exercises 3 times a week at home, while
those in the control group only followed the guidelines of a
physician. At the beginning of the study and 12 months later,
the pain intensity of all the participants was assessed by means
of Visual Analog Scale.
Results: In contrast to the participants in the control
group, those in the experimental group at the end of observation
were reported to experience a significant reduction in pain
intensity.
Conclusions: Treatment with specific exercises proved
more effective in terms of pain complaints in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
Comparison of PEMF Therapy of Various Duration in the Treatment of Subacromia...ijtsrd
Introduction Subacromial impingement syndrome SIS is commonest among various joint pains. Study is done in order to compose the efficacy of PEMF treatment of various duration for patients with SIS. Subject and Methods One hundred and eight patients who had been diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome by clinical examination. Patients were sequentially enrolled following informed consent were administered PEMF therapy for 15 minutes combined with exercise therapy. The second group received the same treatment except that each of the patients has received 30 minutes therapy the patients were evaluated before and after the treatment. Parameters examined were pain score, disability score and range of motion at shoulder joint. Result Second group was significantly improved in pain score, disability score and range of motion. Conclusion 30 minutes of PEMF therapy was shown to be more effective than 15 minutes of PEMF therapy. Anuja Pasari | Bismay Das | C. Monanty | Saurabh Singh | Sujoy Roy | T. B. Singh "Comparison of PEMF Therapy of Various Duration in the Treatment of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38177.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38177/comparison-of-pemf-therapy-of-various-duration-in-the-treatment-of-subacromial-impingement-syndrome/anuja-pasari
A two day workshop presented by Albion Musculoskeletal Therapist Paula Nutting. Paula discusses stretching options for treatment of conditions including headaches, lower back pain, shoulder problems and more. Queensland born Remedial massage therapist Paula Nutting will show you easy effective stretches to help return to normal muscle length which should lead to pain relief.
paper regarding implementation of shakers exercise for impaired swallowing patients and compare pre , immediate and post implementation of the exercises
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Comparison of Passive Stretching Versus Massage on Preventing the Symptoms of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in Normal Adults.
1. IDL - International Digital Library Of
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Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017 Available at: www.dbpublications.org
International e-Journal For Education And Research-2017
IDL - International Digital Library 1 | P a g e Copyright@IDL-2017
Comparison of Passive Stretching Versus
Massage on Preventing the Symptoms of
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in Normal
Adults.
Mr. Ruth Magedelin. R
Mr. Saravana Hariganesh. M
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching versus massage on
preventing
the symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness in normal adults.
STUDY DESIGN: Quasi- Experimental study design.
SUBJECTS: 50subjects, with the age group of 18-21 years of both the genders were
selected. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups (Group A&
Group B), 25 subjects in Group A received passive stretching and 25 subjects in Group
B received Massage after 3 hours of inducing DOMS.
OUTCOME MEASURE: Pain, Elbow Range of Motion and swelling were assessed by
Visual analogue scale, goniometer, Inch tape.
RESULTS: Statistical analysis was done by using independent ‘t’ test and paired ‘t’
test which showed there is no statistical significant difference between Group A(Passive
stretching) and Group B(Massage).
CONCLUSION: The result of this study concludes that massage decreased the pain
immediately after intervention and regained the Elbow Range of Motion at immediately
at 24 hours, at 48 hours and 72 hours than passive stretching. But massage and passive
stretching has equal effect on pain reduction at 24hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after
intervention. Similarly they both have equal effect on Arm Circumference.
KEY WORDS: Delayed onset muscle soreness, Eccentric exercise, Elbow flexors,
Muscle strength, Elbow Range of motion, Passive stretching, Massage.
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IDL - International Digital Library 2 | P a g e Copyright@IDL-2017
Delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), is defined as the sensation of
discomfort or pain in the skeletal muscle following physical activity, usually eccentric,
to which an individual is not accustomed or any individual engaging in a new physical
activity, or those that have suddenly increase exercise volume and in intensity, has likely
experience Delayed onset of muscle soreness 1
.
Delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS) is a predictable painful condition which often
occurs after unaccustomed eccentric exercise. It is begins to develop approximately 12
to 24 hours after the cessation of exercise. Although the time course varies, the signs and
symptoms, which can last up to 10 to 14 days, gradually dissipate2
.Almost every
individual unaccustomed to exercise who begins a resistance training program,
particularly a program that includes eccentric exercise experience, muscle soreness.
Delayed onset muscle soreness is caused by inflammation of the damaged muscle or
connective tissue and efflux of substances from the damaged tissue to the extra cellular
space that sensitize the free nerve endings. Delayed onset muscle soreness is thought to
be the result of activation of group IV receptor, which are responsible for the
transmission of dull aching pain signals. These receptors can respond to pressure and
shear stress and chemical substance, such as bradykinin, serotonin, and histamine, that
accumulate in the interstitium. The responses of group IV receptors to any one stimulus
may be sensitized and potentiated if the chemical environment of the interstitium is
altered. This is a possible mechanism for development of Delayed onset of muscle
soreness after eccentric exercise.4
Exercise-induced muscle soreness falls into two categories: Acute and delayed
onset.Acute muscle soreness develops during or after strenuous exercise performed to
the point of muscle exhaustion. This response occurs as a muscle becomes fatigue
during acute exercise because of the lack of adequate blood flow and oxygen (ischemic)
and a temporary buildup of metabolites, such as lactic acid and potassium, in the
exercise muscle. The sensation is characterized as a feeling of burning or aching in the
muscle2
.
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The incidence of Delayed onset of muscle soreness is difficult to calculate, because most
people who experience it do not seek medical attention, instead accepting Delayed onset
of muscle soreness as temporary discomfort. Every healthy adult most likely has
developed Delayed onset of muscle soreness on countless occasions, with the condition
occurring regardless of the person’s general fitness level. However, although it is
experienced widely, there are still controversies regarding the prevention and treatment
of Delayed onset of muscle soreness is also questionable2
.
It is commonly held a opinion in clinical and fitness settings that the initial onset of
Delayed onset of muscle soreness can be prevented or at least kept to a minimum by
progressing intensity and volume of exercise gradually, by performing low- intensity
warm-up and cool-down activities, or by gentle stretching the exercised muscle before
and after strenuous exercise2
.Although these techniques are regularly advocated and
employed, little to no evidence in the literature supports their efficacy in the prevention
of Delayed onset of muscle soreness.E Ernst state that ‟ An effective treatment has been
sought out for many years . Among the treatments triedare Tens, ultrasound, stretching
etc,. To date, none of these approaches has been fully convincing”3
.Massage is widely
used as a therapeutic modality for recovery from musclefatigue and injury and is the
probably one of the most popular treatment after unaccustomed activity.
A number of authors have examined the effects of massage on Delayed onset of muscle
soreness and indirect markers of muscle damage such as impairment of muscle function,
swelling, and changes in muscle protein in the blood4
.
This study is to compare the effectiveness of passive stretching and manual massage on
preventing the symptoms of delayed onset of muscle soreness.
Aim of the Study
To find the effectiveness of passive stretching in reducing the symptoms of delayed
onset muscle soreness in normal adults.
To find the effectiveness of massage in reducing the symptoms of delayed onset
muscle soreness in normal adults.
To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching versus massage in reducing the
symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness in normal adults.
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Delayed onset muscle soreness is a frequent problem after unaccustomed exercise. No
universally accepted treatment exists. Passive Stretching and massage therapy is often
recommended for this condition but uncertainly exists about their effectiveness.
Generally passive stretching is considered to be effective but reviews are not supporting
this. This study is intended to find whether passive stretching or massage reduces the
symptoms of delayed onset of muscle soreness in normal adults after their unaccustomed
activities like sports meet in college. Therefore the need of the study is to find which
technique (passive stretching or massage) have quick recovery, reduces the symptom of
soreness, decrease days of impairment& decrease the rehabilitation time.
METHODOLOGY
Study Design: Experimental design. Study Type: Comparative study. Sample Size: 50
students. Sampling Method: Random sampling. Study Duration: 3 Days (72hrs) per
subject. Study Setting: SRM College of Physiotherapy SRM University, Kattankulathur.
Inclusion Criteria: Both male and female, 18-21 years of age & who are willing to
participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: Subjects with recent fracture of upper
extremity, Subjects with musculoskeletal problem in shoulder or elbow joint or wrist
joint, subjects with any congenital deformity or contracture in upper extremity, regular
Sports persons, subject who are regular to gym& subjects under any resisted exercise
program
PROCEDURE
From subjects written informed consent is obtained and those who satisfied the inclusion
and exclusion criteria were selected randomly and divided into two groups (Group A&
Group B) with 25 participants in each groups. The individuals in both the Groups(A&B)
were made to do eccentric contraction of biceps brachi muscle of non dominant hand to
induce soreness using dumbbells. After 3hours of eccentric contraction of biceps brachii
both the interventions Passive Stretching and Massage was applied on subjects of
respective groups on non dominant arm to prevent the symptoms of delayed onset
muscle soreness. Before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, in 24
5. IDL - International Digital Library Of
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hours, in 48 hours and in 72 hours readings were taken for pain, Range of motion,
swelling were assessed by Visual analogue scale, inch tape by measuring Arm
circumference and Range of motion by goniometer. And these readings were noted and
used for statistical purpose.
To induce delayed onset muscle soreness in biceps brachii subjects are instructed to do
10 sets of 6 maximal voluntary eccentric contractions of elbow flexors on the non
dominant side in standing position with the help of the dumbbells Subjects tried with
different dumbbells and10 RM decided, this considered as the weight of the dumbbells
GGRROOUUPP AA IINNTTEERRVVEENNTTIIOONN
After 3hrs4
of inducing delayed onset muscle soreness Group A subjects received
passive
stretching of non dominant biceps brachii muscle. Passive Stretching were held for 30
sec of 5 sets.
GGRROOUUPP BB IINNTTEERRVVEENNTTIIOONN
After 3hrs4
of inducing delayed onset muscle soreness group B subjects received
massage to non dominant biceps brachii muscle. Subjects were instructed to wear
minimal clothing for the appropriate arm in supine lying position. Pillow was placed
along the side of trunk so that they can rest on it in a degree of slight abduction and
flexion of shoulder. Powder used as a lubricant the10-minute massage given massage
techniques consisted of stroking, effleurage, petrissage(kneading), friction, hacking,
picking up and repeated effleurage of elbow to shoulder.4
ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
Symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (Vas)
Goniometeric Measurements& Upper Arm Circumference Outcome measures were
assessed before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, 24 hrs after the
intervention, 48 hrs after the intervention, 72 hrs after the intervention from both the
groups.
Table: 1 Comparison of VAS score pre and post test in Group A and Group B
GROUP A GROUP B
Mean SD Paired t
test
P
Value
Mean SD Paired t
test
P
Value
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PRE TEST 4.80 1.354 5.283 0.000
***
4.36 1.287 4.599 0.000
***POST TEST 1 3.44 1.325 2.40 1.871
PRE TEST 4.80 1.354 18.504 0.000
***
4.36 1.287 16.937 0.000
***POST TSET 2 0.08 0.400 0.00 0.000
PRE TEST 4.80 1.354 17.725 0.000
***
4.36 1.287 16.937 0.000
***POST TEST 3 0.00 0.000 .00 00.000
PRE TEST 4.80 1.354 17.725 0.000
***
4.36 1.287 16.937 0.000
***POST TEST 4 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000
PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately after the intervention, POST TEST 2= 24 hrs after the
intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after the intervention.
Table 2: Comparison of Arm circumference pre and post test in Group-A & Group B
GROUP A GROUP B
Mean SD Pair t
Test
P
value
Mean SD Pair t
Test
P
value
PRE
TEST-
POST
TEST 1
0.16400 0.18000 4.556 0.000
***
0.180 0.076 11.784 0.000
***
PRE
TEST–
POST
TEST 2
0.30000 0.18708 8.018 0.000
***
0.380 0.132 14.363 0.000
***
PRE
TEST-
POST
TEST 3
0.30000 0.18708 8.018 0.000
***
0.404 0.203 9.948 0.000
***
PRE
TEST–
POST
TEST 4
0.30000 0.18708 8.018 0.000
***
0.404 0.203 9.948 0.000
***
*** - There is a statistical significance difference between Pre and Post test in the Arm Circumference for
Group A & Group B at 95% [P < 0.05] PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately
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after the intervention, POST TEST 2= 24 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the
intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after the intervention.
Table 3: Comparison of Elbow Range of Motion pre and post test in Group A & Group
B
GROUP A GROUP B
Mean SD Pair t
Test
P
value
Mean SD Pair t
Test
P
value
PRETEST-
POSTTEST1
2.120 0.526 20.152 0.000
***
1.44000 1.15758 6.220 0.000
***
PRETEST–
POSTTEST2
4.440 1.003 22.126 0.000
***
3.24000 2.60256 6.225 0.000
***
PRE TEST-
POSTTEST3
4.440 1.003 22.126 0.000
***
3.24000 2.60256 6.225 0.000
***
PRE TEST–
POSTTEST4
4.440 1.003 22.126 0.000
***
3.24000 2.60256 6.225 0.000
***
*** - There is a statistical significance difference between Pre and Post test in the Range of motion for Group A &
Group B at 95% [P < 0.05] PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately after the intervention,
POST TEST 2= 24 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after
the intervention.
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Table 4: Comparison of VAS score between Group A and Group B.
Groups Mean SD Independent t Test P Value
POST TEST1 Group A 3.44 1.325 2.268 0.028
***Group B 2.40 1.871
POST TEST2 Group A 0.08 0.400 1.000 0.322
NSGroup B 0.00 0.000
POST TEST3 Group A 0.00 0.000 0.343 0.733
NSGroup B 0.00 0.000
POST TEST4 Group A 0.00 0.000 0.343 0.733
NSGroup B 0.00 0.000
*** - There is statistical significance difference between Group A and Group B at 95%[P˂0.05]NS - Not
statistical significance difference between Group A and Group B at 95%[P˂0.05]
PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately after the intervention, POST TEST 2=
24 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after the
intervention.
Table 5: Comparison of Arm circumference between Group A and Group B.
GROUPS Mean SD Independent
t Test
P value
POST TEST 1 Group A 25.8000 2.45085 0.325 0.746
NS
Group B 26.0120 2.14599 0.325 0.746
NS
POST TEST 2 Group A 25.6640 2.45015 0.225 0.823
NS
Group B 25.8120 2.18390 0.225 0.823
NS
POST TEST 3 Group A 25.6640 2.45015 0.188 0.852
NS
Group B 25.7880 2.20857 0.188 0.852
NS
POST TEST 4 Group A 25.6640 2.45015 0.188 0.852
NS
Group B 25.7880 2.20857 0.188 0.852
NS
NS - Not Statistical significant between Group A and Group B at 95%[P˃0.05]
PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately after the intervention, POST TEST 2= 24 hrs after
the intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after the intervention.
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Table 6: Comparison of Range of motion between Group A and Group B
GROUPS Mean SD Independent
t Test
P value
POST TEST 1 Group A 136.3200 5.91411 2.076 0.043
***
Group B 132.9600 5.52630 2.076 0.043
***
POST TEST 2 Group A 138.6400 6.01997 2.289 0.027
***
Group B 134.7600 5.96713 2.289 0.027
***
POST TEST 3 Group A 138.6400 6.01997 2.289 0.027
***
Group B 134.7600 5.96713 2.289 0.027
***
POST TEST 4 Group A 138.6400 6.01997 2.289 0.027
***
Group B 134.7600 5.96713 2.289 0.027
***
*** - There is statistical significant between Group A and Group B at 95%[P˂0.05]
PRE TEST = Before the intervention, POST TEST1= Immediately after the intervention, POST TEST 2= 24 hrs after
the intervention, POST TEST 3=48 hrs after the intervention, POST TEST 4= 72 hrs after the intervention.
RESULTS
Comparison of VAS score pre and post test in Group A (passive stretching) &Group B
(massage) shows there is a significant difference between pre and post test at
immediately after the intervention, 24,48 and 72 hours at 95%[p˂0.05].
Comparing the pre and post test of arm circumference in Group A(passive stretching)&
Group B (massage) there is a significant difference between pre and post test at
immediately after the intervention, 24,48 and 72 hours at 95%[p˂0.05].
Comparing the pre and post test of elbow range of motion in Group A (passive
stretching) & Group B (massage) shows there is a significant difference between pre and
post test at immediately after the intervention, 24,48 and 72 hours at 95%[p˂0.05].
Comparison of VAS score between Group A and Group B shows there is statistical
significant difference exist in post test1 of Visual analogue scale score between Group
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A(passive stretching) and Group B(massage) at 95%[P˂0.05]. There no statistical
significant difference exist in post test2, post test3, post test4 at 95% [p˃0.05].
Comparison of Arm circumference between Group A and Group B shows there is no
statistical significant difference exist in post test of Arm circumference between Group
A(passive stretching) and Group B(massage) at 95% [P˃0.05].
Comparison of Elbow Range of Motion between Group A and Group B shows there is
statistical significant difference exist in post test of Elbow Range of motion between
Group A(passive stretching) and Group B(massage) at 95%[P˂0.05].
DISCUSSION
Delayed onset muscle soreness is a symptom of eccentric exercise induced muscle
damage and occurs 8-12 hours post exercise, when the affected muscle contracts or
stretches; it peak at 2 to 3days and slowly dissipate by 8-10 days.
On comparing pre and post test of VAS score in passive stretching group P value of
post test is P˂0.05 hence there is a statistical significant difference between pre and post
test, this implies that passive stretching group has effect on reducing the pain. Similarly
pre and post test of VAS score of massage group shows reduction of pain.
On comparing pre and post test of Arm Circumference measurement in passive
stretching group P value of post test is P˂0.05 hence there is a statistical significant
difference between pre and post test, proves passive stretching group has effect in
reducing the swelling . Same way on Group B too shows statistical difference between
pre and post values of arm circumference which implies massage has an effect on
reducing swelling due to induced DOMS.
On comparing pre and post test of Elbow range of motion in both the groups each
group shows statistically significance difference between pre and post test, implies both
the interventions has effect on increasing in Range of Motion.
On comparing the VAS score between passive stretching group and massage group P
value is ˃ 0.05 hence there is no statistical significance difference in 24hours(post test
2), 48hours(post test 3), 72hours(post test 4), but P value of post test 1 is ˂0.05 hence
there is a significant difference immediately after the intervention. This proves massage
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is effective than passive stretching on preventing the symptoms of delayed onset muscle
soreness.
On comparing the Arm Circumference measures between passive stretching group and
massage group P value of post test is P˃0.05 hence there is no statistical significance
immediately after the intervention(post test 1), 24hours(post test 2), 48 hours(post test
3), 72hours (post test 4). This means the effects are same on comparing passive
stretching group and massage group.
On comparing the Elbow Range of Motion measures between passive stretching group
and massage group P value of post test are ˂0.05 hence there is a statistical significant
difference between passive stretching group and massage group.
All the reviews except Weber et al reported that massage had positive effects on
Delayed onset of muscle soreness, this study also found that massage intervention
reduces pain and improve in Range of Motion when compared to the passive stretching
group and indicate passive stretching could not prevent Delayed onset of muscle
soreness as it is suggested in reviews.26
It is difficult to explain how massage reduces Delayed onset of muscle soreness, because
no authors yet described the effects of massage on cellular events or patho physiologic
changes in the muscle or connective tissue after eccentric exercise. Increasing blood
flow appears to be a major consequence of massage.17
Increasing in blood and lymph
flow may enhance removal of pain substrates that starts to accumulate in the injured
area, reducing swelling. In this study it has been found that there is reduction of pain
and increase in Range of Motion in massage group when compared with passive
stretching Group as it is discussed in above paragraphs.
CONCLUSION
The result of this study Conclude that Massage decreased the pain and increased the
Range of Motion but did not reduce swelling , thereby massage is effective than passive
stretching on preventing symptoms of delayed onset of muscle soreness.
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Limitations of the study are only young age group has taken & less number of subjects
involved. In future studies isokinetic dynamometer can be used for inducing Delayed
onset of muscle soreness& Cryotherapy can be included in the study to compare the
effects.
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