This document provides information about comparison structures in English including equative comparisons using "as...as", comparative comparisons using "-er" and "more/less than", and superlative comparisons using "the + -est" and "the most/least". It gives examples of short and long adjectives used in comparisons and includes an exercise asking students to complete sentences using comparative and superlative structures. Finally, it provides speaking discussion questions asking students to compare different sports, places, jobs, and people.

1. Comparison
By Le Chau Kim Khanh

2. Comparison
I. Equative: as… as
 S + V + as + {adj/adv} + as + {noun/ pronoun}
 S + V + not + as/so + {adj/adv} + as + {noun/
pronoun}
 We use as… as to say that two people, things,
etc are the same in some way.

3. Comparison
 II. Comparative:
 We use comparatives when we compare one
person, thing, etc with another.
 S + V + short adj/ adv + ER + THAN + noun/ pronoun
 S + V + MORE + long adj/ adv + THAN + noun/
pronoun
 S + V + LESS + adj/ adv + THAN + noun/ pronoun

4. Comparison
SHORT ADJ LONG ADJ
+ one-syllable adjectives: small,
high, young
+ two-syllable adjectives ending in –
y: pretty, happy
+ a few other two-syllable
adjectives: quiet, clever, simple,
narrow, gentle
+ most two-syllable words: honest,
careful
+ adjectives of three or more
syllables: exciting, interesting

5. Comparison
III. Superlative:
 We use superlatives when we compare one person or
thing in a group with two or more other people or
things in the same group.
 S + V + THE + short adj + EST in + singular count
noun
 S + V + THE MOST + long adj
 S + V + THE LEAST + adj of + plural count noun

6. Comparison
Irregular comparative and superlative
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Good/ well Better Best
Bad/ badly Worse Worst
Far Farther/ further Farthest/ furthest
Little Less least

7. Comparison
Complete these sentences, using as ……. as,
comparatives or superlatives
 I’m sorry I’m late. I got here ……….. I could. (fast)
 What is ……….. animal in the world? (dangerous)
 She is a really nice person – one of ……. people I know.
(nice)
 I’m very tired. I can’t walk ……… (far).
 This is …………. exercise in this book. (difficult)
 The weather this summer is even ……… last summer. (bad)
 Holidays are ………. working days (pleasant)
 What’s …………. film you’ve ever seen? (good)

8. Comparison
Speaking exercise:
Working in pairs and discuss:
1. Which is the most dangerous sport?
2. Which is the most beautiful place in Vietnam? In
the world?
3. Which is the most interesting job?
4. Who is the busiest person in the world?