This document discusses the rules for forming comparative and superlative adjectives in English. It explains that comparatives are used to compare two things, while superlatives express the highest degree. There are four main rules: one-syllable adjectives add -er/-est; two-syllable adjectives add more/most; adjectives ending in consonant-vowel-consonant duplicate the consonant; and adjectives ending in -y drop the -y and add -ier/-iest. It also provides examples and exceptions to the rules.

1. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES

2. COMPARATIVE AND
SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
• COMPARATIVES: To compare two things,
people, etc.
Examples: Maria is TALLER THAN
Cristina
• SUPERLATIVES: To express the highest
degree of quality:
Example: Carlos is THE TALLEST in the
class.

3. EXAMPLE
MARK
HANNAH
CHARLIE

4. COMPARATIVE:
Charlie is taller than Hannah.
HANNAH
CHARLIE

5. MARK
SUPERLATIVE:
Mark is the tallest in the picture.

6. RULES TO COVERT ADJECTIVES INTO
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
RULE 1
ADJECTIVE OF 1 SYLLABLE :
• COMPARATIVES: Add +er than
Examples: small- smaller than young-
younger than tall- taller than
• SUPERLATIVES: Add the... +est
Examples: small- the smallest young-
the youngest tall- the tallest

7. • RULE 2
ADJECTIVE OF 2 OR MORE SYLLABLES:
• COMPARATIVES: Add more….. than
Examples: comfortable- more comfortable
than boring- more boring than
• SUPERLATIVES: Add the most…
Examples: comfortable- the most comfortable
boring- the most boring

8. • RULE 3
ADJECTIVES WITH FORMULA CVC (Consonant, vowel,
consonant):
• COMPARATIVES: Duplicate consonant and add … +er than
Examples: hot- hotter than big- bigger than
wet- wetter than
• SUPERLATIVES: Duplicate consonant and add the… +est
Examples: hot- the hottest big- the biggest
wet- the wettest

9. • RULE 4
ADJECTIVES OF 2 SYLLABLES, ENDING IN -Y:
• COMPARATIVES: Eliminate the -y and add … +ier than
Examples: happy- happier than ugly- uglier than
pretty- prettier than
• SUPERLATIVES: Eliminate the -y and add the… +iest
Examples: happy- the happiest ugly- the ugliest
pretty- the prettiest

10. • Exceptions
– GOOD: Comparative: better than
Superlative: the best
– BAD: Comparative: worse than
Superlative: the worst
– OLD: Comparative: elder than
Superlative: the eldest
– FAR: Comparative: farther than
Superlatve: the farthest

11. EXERCISE
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Pretty
Tall
Interesting
Good
Happy
Sad
Unusual
Bad
Short
Amazing
Red
Green
Sleepy
Wonderful
Terrible
Large
Hot
Expensive
Old
Young