3. FORMULAS
PRONOUNS FORMULA EXAMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE
:
I, YOU, WE, THEY
SUB+ VERB IN BASE FORM+
COMPLEMENT
WE LIVE IN
DOSQUEBRADAS
HE, SHE, IT
SUB+ VERB(+S) +
COMPLEMENT
SARAH LIVES IN CHIA
NEGATIVE
I, YOU, WE, THEY
SUB+ DON’T+ VERB IN BASE
FORM+ COMPLEMENT
I DON’T CLEAN THE
HOUSE ON A
WEEKDAY
HE, SHE, IT
SUB+ DOESN’T+ VERB IN
BASE FORM+ COMPLEMENT
CARLOS DOESN’T
CLEAN THE HOUSE.
YES/NO
QUESTIONS
I, YOU, WE, THEY
DO+ SUB+ VERB IN BASE
FORM+ COMPLEMENT?
DO YOU LIKE
COFFEE?
HE, SHE, IT
DOES+ SUB+ VERB IN BASE
FORM+ COMPLEMENT?
DOES THE DOG
SLEEP A LOT?
4. RULES FOR ADDING –S TO THE VERBS
IN THIRD PERSON
1. Verbs ending in –consonant or vowel different from –o: Add –s
Examples:
make- makes listen- listens run- runs play- plays
2. Verbs ending in –o, -sh, -x, -ss, -ch: Add –es
Examples:
go- goes brush- brushes catch-catches miss-misses fix-
fixes
3. Verbs ending in –y preceeded by consonant: Eliminate –y and add –ies.
Examples:
study- studies apply- applies deny- denies fly- flies
5. EXERCISES
1. Maria/love/shoes
– AFFIRMATIVE:
– NEGATIVE:
– YES/NO QUESTION:
2. Roberto and Lucia/
play/ tennis on
Sundays.
– AFFIRMATIVE:
– NEGATIVE:
– YES/NO QUESTION:
3. I/ run/ everyday
– AFFIRMATIVE:
– NEGATIVE:
– YES/NO QUESTION:
4. Martha and I/
drink/ soda
– AFFIRMATIVE:
– NEGATIVE:
– YES/NO QUESTION
5. The student/
go/ to school at
6:30am.
– AFFIRMATIVE:
– NEGATIVE:
– YES/NO QUESTION
6. WH-QUESTIONS
• What: object- activity
• When: time
• Where: place
• Who: person
• Why: reason
• How many: quantity (countable)
• How much: quantity (uncountable)
• Which: option by description
8. EXAMPLES:
• FORMULA 1
– WHAT: Activity: WHAT DO YOU DO?
– WHAT: Object: WHAT DO YOU STUDY?
– WHEN: Time: WHEN DO YOU PLAY SOCCER?
– WHERE: Place: WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
– WHY: Reason: WHY DO YOU STUDY ENGLISH?
– WHO#: Person (Object): WHO DO YOU LIVE WITH?
• FORMULA 2
– HOW MUCH: HOW MUCH MILK DO YOU DRINK DAILY?
– HOW MANY: HOW MANY ORANGES DO YOU HAVE IN YOUR HOUSE?
– WHICH: WHICH MARKER DO YOU LIKE?
• FORMULA 3
– WHO: WHO HAS A PENCIL?
