The document discusses the Common Core State Standards initiative which aims to ensure students are prepared for college and careers. It outlines key aspects of the Common Core including focusing on developing critical thinking skills. The Common Core was implemented because many students were graduating high school but not ready for college-level work. Teachers, students, parents, and school leaders all play a role in helping students meet higher expectations around skills like independent thinking, using evidence, and comprehending different perspectives. The document provides details on how the Common Core shifts instructional approaches in language arts to emphasize textual analysis and in math to focus on fewer topics with greater depth of understanding.