The document discusses the impact of British colonialism on tribal societies in India. It introduces several tribal groups and notes that British policies led to changes in tribal economies, cultures, and ways of life. The British declared forests as state property, restricting tribal access and activities. They also introduced land settlement systems and forced many tribes to work on tea plantations or in mines. Overall, the British rule significantly disrupted traditional tribal cultures and communities.

1. Colonialism and
Tribal Societies
• Group members
-
 Mrinal jyoti Barman
 Nabadip Sarkar
 Sourav jyoti kalita
 Arnab Jyoti Saika
 Manas Pratim Das
 Archita Sharma

2. The wealth ,resources and spices of India attracted many
western traders. Such as the Portuguese, the Dutch, the
English or the British, the French etc .Among them the British
appeared to be most powerful. As the time passed this
trading company established their control all over India. With
the arrival of the British a lot of changes took place in the
Indian society. It changed the face of India completely. Every
spheres of the Indian society was influenced by them. It
affected the rural and tribal society of India very much. The
face of the Indian tribal society was completely changed by
them.
Impact

3. British policy
It was a big changes in Tribal life. for the
encroachment of forest lands by the people of the
plains and the British, tribal economy and society
were adversely affected.
Commercialisation of agriculture, tightening of
government control over forest zones for revenue
purposes and utilization of forest wealth for the
benefit of the urban population resulted in the
penetration of tribal areas by outsiders.

4. Changes in tribal life
British colonization brought changes in tribal society
and economy . Several factors are identified which
have brought about changes in the tribal cultures.
Measures undertaken by the govt., communication
facilities, spread of education , process of
urbanization, occupation and many more. All these
factors have lead to degeneration of tribal life and
tribal arts like dance, music, livelihood etc.
Construction of railway tracks, British policies, revolts,
threatened the tribal way of life and affected the
settlement pattern and survival modes of Indian
tribes.

5. About The Tribes
A tribe is a group of people united by a common name,
culture, linguistic and territorial ties.
Tribes in India form a important part of total population. It
represents an element in Indian society which is integrated
by the culture of our civilization. The tribal population of
India constitutes nearly 8% of total population. There are
number of tribes in India spread over different parts of the
country from the foot hill of the Himalayas, the lands tip
Lakshadweep and from the plain of Gujarat to the hills in
the northeast. The name of tribes like the kurumbas, the
panga in south India, the santhals , the vhil in central India,
the Bodo, the Ahom in northeast India; are found in old

6. REVOLTS OF THE TRIBE
The British Wanted the tribals to settle in one place so that
it would be easier for them to control us. They introduced
land settlements for a regular supply of revenue. The
British declared all forests a state property and classified
certain forest as reserved and the tribals weren’t allowed
to cultivate hunt or gather fruits in these areas. The tribals
eventually protested against these laws. The revolt of
Songram Sangma in Assam in 1906 and the forest
Satyagraha in the central provinces in 1930 were two such
major revolts against British. It also affected the lives of
tribals greatly as they were exploited by moneylenders
and traders. By the 19 century , many traders and

7. The 19 century saw many tea plantation and
mines coming up in different parts of India.
Since the forest were now under the British,
many tribals were forced to leave the homes and
work in this plantations and coal mines.
The British rule also affected tribal chiefs . The
chiefs enjoyed administrative and economic
powers earlier but now had to follow the rules
laid down by the Britishers, pay tribute to the
British officers and stop practising their
traditional functions.

8. The British rule brought many changes to the Indian society.
It also had some good impact in the tribal society. When the
British started constructing missionaries in the tribal places
many tribals came out of the jungles. The missionaries had
put a very good impact on the tribes ,specially on their
language. After the establishment of the missionaries, the
tribals got an language for all that is the English language. For
which today it is easy for us to communicate with the tribals.
Moreover when the tribals came out of the forests we got to
know about their culture, their food habitat, their living style
etc. The tribals got to know about the world outside the
forest and today they are living with unity between us.

9. The British rule had an impact on the different
spheres of the society. It had an very bad impact on
the tribal society. The tribes were made labourers of
the British. They lost their freedom and could not do
anything. Their lands were taken away from them and
the forest that once belonged to them was not theirs
any more. They could not hunt or collect timber from
the forest that once belonged to them. They lost their
the real taste of their culture.

10. Tribes year
Chuars 1768 & 1832
Bhils 1818-1848
Kolis 1824 -48
Khasis 1829-32
Kols 1831-32
Koyas 1840-80 &1922-4
Khonds 1846-48 & 1855
Santhals 1855-56
Naikada 1858-59 & 1868
Kachha Nagas 1882
Some Tribal movementfrom :
1765-1919

11. Photo section