College Students and gambling
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The document summarizes research on college student gambling. It finds that around 85% of college students have gambled, with 23% doing so weekly. Around 4-8% of college students are considered problem or pathological gamblers, which is more than double the general adult population rate. Common forms of gambling for college students include sports betting, poker, casino games, and online gambling. The document outlines concerns about gambling leading to debt, missed classes, and other negative consequences for students. It provides recommendations for addressing problem gambling through education, awareness, and treatment resources.
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College Students and gambling
- 1. Jackie Daniels, MSW, LCSW Office of Alternative Screening and Intervention Services AAIP, SMART and MIP Programs Eigenmann Hall West 726 Indiana University, Bloomington January 7 th , 2011 College Students and Gambling What You Need to Know Special Thanks to IPGAP and Dani Marlette Perkins
- 5. Types of Gambling Gateway Gambling? “ Play Money. It looks real but this paper money is intended to be played with instead of spent! Gamble with it at your casino night party! Let little kids tuck it into wallets and purses!” -Oriental Trading Company Casino Lottery Sports Betting Poker Wagering on Horses or Dogs Internet “gaming” Children’s Roulette Wheel Chocolate Poker Chips "Anyone who has ever been with a child who is playing games that would be illegal if they paid out in cash knows how quickly money disappears into these devices, and how mesmerizing they are to children.“ - I. Nelson Rose, law professor at Whittier Law School in California
- 7. There’s More than Corn in Indiana Introduction to Indiana Gambling Laws “Indiana Moves Ahead of Mississippi in 3 rd Nationwide in Gambling”- IDS 3/2010
Editor's Notes
- IPGAP= Indiana Problem Gambling Awareness Program
- LINK- Gambling/games definition on Wikipedia Beer pong= gambling with health (of value)
- Many college students are exposed to gambling from and early age, in their families and in the media. Just like cigarettes, gambling is marketed to children in gaming, candy, and on daytime television (cartoons depicting casino games).
- Hoosier Lottery, pari-mutuel, charity= 18 years old Casino- 21 Example of pari-mutuel betting = horse or dog races, sports betting . “The participants essentially wager against each other, and the odds for the wagers are a function of the distribution of the total dollars wagered over the set of betting options available. The total prize pool is made up of the amount bet on all options less a percentage for the operator of the game.” McClellan and Winters, 2006.
- There’s more than corn in Indiana! LINK- In 2009, Indiana overtook longtime gambling hot spot Mississippi as the state with the third-highest commercial gambling adjusted gross revenue in the country. Indiana taxes its casinos up to 40 percent of their gross gaming revenue, while Nevada only taxes their casinos up to 6.75 percent of their revenue.
- UIGEA= Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act = http://www.casinoadvisor.com/uigea-article.html#5 **Congress had been attempting to pass anti-online gaming legislation since 1998. All of these efforts, however, had failed due the immense hurdles entrenched in the law making process. Each year the bill would be held up in committees by lobbyists from various interest groups wanting their piece of the pie. As a result, every legislative session Congress would run out of time before the Bill could be passed. ** Elements of a Violation of the UIGEA To establish that an individual or entity is in violation of the UIGEA, it must be proven that, (1) A "person" was engaged in the business of betting or wagering; (2) That person knowingly accepted a financial instrument or proceeds thereof; AND (3) That instrument was accepted (by the person) in connection with the participation of another person in "unlawful Internet gambling." Thus, when a person (individual or company) that is actively involved in the "business of betting or wagering" (as defined by § 5362(1) and § 532(2)) accepts a financial instrument that they know stems from that business AND it is from another person who is engaged in unlawful Internet gambling , then the UIGEA has been violated. The problem thus becomes, what constitutes "unlawful Internet gambling?" Unlawful Internet Gambling= To place, receive, or otherwise knowingly transmit a bet or wager by any means which involves the use, at least in part, of the Internet where such bet or wager is unlawful under any applicable Federal or State law in the state or tribal lands in which the bet or wager is initiated, received, or otherwise made. Thus, the UIGEA is simply a focused enforcement of the current Internet gambling laws in existence within specific jurisdictions. The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 did not change any of the existing laws regarding interstate gambling, only the enforcement of those that do exist.
- The National Annenberg Survey of Youth (NASY) was first fielded in 2002 with 900 young people ages 14 to 22. This in-depth telephone interview with a randomly selected sample of youth (including Spanish speakers) covers a range of both risky and protective behaviors as well as potential targets of intervention. The survey provides the only nationally representative picture of trends in youth gambling. Also covered are beliefs and attitudes regarding the stigma of mental illness, uses of media for entertainment and information and knowledge about the political system.
- Source: IPRC Indiana Problem Gambling Awareness Program 24/7 Access, links to online credit and ability to be anonymous increase an individuals likelihood to take risks and feel at ease during online gambling. However, these place more than just the individual at risk. (Technological infrastructure at risk, increased debt and family fund drainage)
- ***College is, for many, the first time they are fully independent. While still attached to guardians financially, they make decisions for themselves. ***Dorm Video Games- “Whoever said "you won't get rich playing video games," never played Entropia Universe -- an online computer game where players adventure, build, buy and sell everything from real estate and services to weapons and armor for real dollars.’” LINK Examples at IU: Hoosier Poker Club at IU (HPC) RAW- Revitalizing Animal Well-Being poker tournament for Earth Day
- DSM= Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders LINK- NCAA College Sports Betting - NCAA Official Statement NCAA Official Position/Statement “ The NCAA opposes all forms of legal and illegal sports wagering on college sports. Sports wagering has become a serious problem that threatens the well-being of the student-athlete and the integrity of college sports.”
- Problem Gambling Phases: Winning Phase: Fun, excitement, feeling on top of the world, gambling is everything! Losing Phase: Large losses, using credit to bet, borrowing money, selling possessions (pawning), arguing, missing school or work Desperation Phase: Obsessed with next win/next game, lying, depressed, crime, suicidal ideation “ Studies have shown that individuals who are ethically diverse tend to gamble more often than their European American Counterparts, but far too few studies have been conducted to make any definitive conclusions.” Lesieur and others, 1991, Stinchfield, 2000 and Welte and others, 2004
- “ Gambling can best be understood and measured on a continuum of risk- no gambling, social gambling, problem gambling and pathological gambling…” -”Most of us can gamble responsibly, but some fail to control their level of playing, or are unable to stop and fail to set and maintain reasonable limits.” 2 types of gamblers: Action: prefer games of skill, typically males that start gambling early in life, describe gambling experiences as euphoric and comparable to being “high” Escape: prefer games of luck (slot machines, video poker or lottery), typically females that begin later in life, describe gambling experiences as hypnotic or numbing, use gambling to escape from other problems Lie-Bet Tool: The Lie-Bet tool (Johnson et al., 1988) has been deemed valid and reliable for ruling out pathological gambling behaviors. The Lie-Bet’s two questions consistently differentiate between pathological gambling and non-problem gambling and are useful in screening to determine whether a longer tool (e.g., SOGS, DSM-IV) should be used in diagnostics. Lie-Bet screening instrument: 1. Have you ever felt the need to bet more and more money? 2. Have you ever had to lie to people important to you about how much you gambled? Problem Gambling (like problematic drinking or drug use, substance abuse) is not defined by how often someone gambles or how much money the person loses, it is defined by the disruption gambling causes. A current workgroup on the DSM 5 (new edition due for release in May 2013) is proposing moving Pathological Gambling from Impulse Control Disorders to new category “Addiction and Related Disorders.”
- Be aware that gambling is popular. Statements need to be made on campus about IU’s position explicitly about gambling.
- LINKS- GA= 12 step program SAGA- Materials available for RA and RPS staff NCAA Website suitable for students, administrators, visitors to learn about sports betting and the athletic or sports