This document discusses the cultivation practices of cole crops like cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli. It details that these crops grow best in cool, moist climates and various soil types. Nursery beds are prepared with soil treatments and seeds are planted. Seedlings are ready for transplanting in 25-30 days when they have 5-6 leaves. In the main field, seedlings are planted at specific spacings and times depending on the variety. Crops are fertilized, irrigated, weeded, and harvested around 85-100 days later. Yields of 1200-1500 kg can be expected per unit area. The document also lists common varieties for each crop and their maturation times.

1. Cultivation practices of cole
crops(cabbage,cauliflower and broccoli)
Prepared by : Bishwas kafle
Instructor

3. Introduction
• Called cole crops as they are derived from wild form cole wart.
• They belongs to family cruciferae.
Cauliflower(brassica oleracea
Var botrytis)
Cabbage(brassica oleracea
var capitata)
Broccoli
(brassica oleracea
Var italica)

4. Climate and soil
• Climate: It grows best in cool moist climate and is very hardy to
frost even at head formation stage. In dry climate its quality
becomes poor and much of its delicate flavour is lost. It is
grown mainly as winter crop. cabbage can tolerate high or low
temperatures as compared to cauliflower.
• They perform best on day temperature of 15-250
c
• They can withstand mild frost but can not tolerate high
tempreture beyond 250
c
• Soil: It can be grown almost on all types of soils, Sandy loam
soil is considered best for early crop but where high yield is the
main criterion, clay loam or silt loam soils are preferred. Before
transplanting the soil is prepared well to make it loose friable
and retentive of moisture.

5. Nursery bed preparation
• Seedlings are prepared in nursery before transplanting in main
field
• Raised beds of 3m length, 1 m wide and 15 cm height are
prepared
• Soil should be treated with fungicide DM-45 1 gm/lit of water
• Well decomposed FYM, 20 gm urea ,10 gm TSP, 20 gm MOP
should be added during bed preparation
• 15-25 gm seeds/ropani with 5 cm spacing
• Seed should be covered with layer of soil along with straw and
other mulching material
• Watering should be done frequently
• Seedlins are ready to transplant in 25-30 days(5-6 leaf stage)

7. Cultivation practices
• Preparation of main field: 3-4 deep plough followed by
harrowing , throughly pulverized the soil
• Seed rate:1500-2000 seedlings per ropani
• Spacing:50*50 cm for early varieties, 60*60 cm for mid and late
season varieties
• Planting time: sep- oct, evening period is preferred over
morning time and irrigate immediately after transplanting.
• Manuring and fertilization: 15 ton FYM, 10:6:4 kg NPK/ropani ,
nitrozen should be applied in split dose i.e. 2 week and 6 week
after transplanting
• Irrigation and weeding :First irrigation should be given
immediately after transplanting. The subsequent irrigations
should be given at 10-15 day intervals. The total number of
irrigations required are 8-12.manual weeding 3 times followed
by earthing up at 20-25 DAT

8. Cont…..
• Harvesting and yield : cabbage should be harvested at full head
stage, cauliflower at marketable curd size and broccoli at
marketable sprouts
• Reached at harvesting stage in 85- 100 days
• Yield : 1200-1500 kg/ropani

9. Varieties
cabbage cauliflower broccoli
Early Copenhagen
market, golden
acre, green stone
,green king
White top, silver
cup-60,silver moon,
super white top
Punjab Broccoli –1
Green dome 80
Everest green
Early you
Mid season T-621, green top,
asia express
Kathmandu local,
snowball-16,snow
crown
Green dome-115
Green parasole
Premium parasole
late Rare ball, nepa
round, late large
imhead
Madhuri , subra,
snow mestic
King dome
Sentauro
Sakura