This document discusses techniques, methods, and approaches of pedagogy with a focus on Bloom's taxonomy of the cognitive domain. It provides an introduction to educational objectives and Bloom's taxonomy, which classifies learning objectives into cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Within the cognitive domain, it describes the six categories of learning - knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation - and provides examples of each. The document concludes that Bloom's taxonomy provides a framework for educators to structure learning from simple to complex and ensure mastery of one concept before advancing to the next.

1. JSS MAHAVIDYAPEETA MYSURU
JSS INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION
SAKALESHPURA - 573134
TOPIC : TECHNIQUES , METHODS AND
APPROACHS OF PEDAGOGY
SEMINAR
SUBJECT : COGNITIVE DOMAIN
Submitted by
GAGANA B
Reg No : ED211622
Submitted to
Dr.PRABHUSWAMY.M
Assistant professor

3. INTRODUCTION
The cognitive domain involves knowledge and
the development of intellectual skills such as
critical thinking, problem solving etc. It is the first
domain among the Bloom's taxonomy of
educational objectives. The cognitive hierarchy
spans from simple memorization designed to
build the knowledge of learners, to creating
something new based on previously learned
information.

4. EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
Educational objectives are the statement of
those changes in behaviour which are desired as a
result of specific learner and teachers activity.
Some of the objectives of educational systems
 Education should development the individual
physically, mentally and spiritually.
 Education should produce effective individuals so
that they realize their responsibility towards
society.

5.  Education should make a man capable of
earning his livelihood to enjoy a happy and
secure life.
 Education should enable them to bring a
desirable change in society.
 Education should enable us to move with time
and attain excellence in science and
technology.
 Education enables the acquisition of values
which in turn cultivate a good qualities like co-
operation, good will, forgiveness, tolerance,
honesty, patience etc and encourage universal
brotherhood.

6. BLOOM'S TAXONOMY
To achieve all those above objectives of education
Benjamin Bloom and his colleagues published a
taxonomy of educational objectives, known as Bloom's
taxonomy.
It is one of the most recognised learning theories in
the field of education.
Educators use Bloom's taxonomy to create learning
outcomes that target not only subject matter but also the
depth of learning they want students to achieve.

7. Bloom's taxonomy is a set of three hierarchical
models used to classify educational learning objectives
into levels of complexity and specificity.
Bloom's taxonomy comprises three learning
domains and these domains a hierarchy that
corresponds to different levels of learning.
 Cognitive : mental skills (knowledge)
 Affective : emotional areas (attitude)
 Psychomotor : manual or physical skills ( skills)

8. COGNITIVE DOMAIN
The cognitive domain involves knowledge and the
development of intellectual skills.
There are six major categories, starting from simplest
behaviour to the most complex.
The categories can be taught as degree of difficulties
ie, the first one must be mastered before the next one
takes place.
1. Knowledge
2. Comprehension
3. Application
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis

9. 1. Knowledge : recall data or information.
Active verbs : define, describes, identify, outline,
Recognise, reproduce, select.
Example : A multiple choice test designed to test
memory of learners.
2. Comprehension : This domain is concerned with
grasping the meaning of the information received and
relating it for other purposes.
Active verbs : Analyse, identify, critizise, conclude, select,
differentiate, discriminate, illustrate etc
Example: Write a short paper summarising the plot and
most important events in the play.

10. 3. Application: This domain is concerned with the abity
to use the learned material, theories, principles, abstract in
a new situation in a work place.
Active verb : Apply, demonstrate, develop, employ, relate,
produce, modifies, prepare, etc
Example: Write an advice column responding to one of
the characters in a play.
4. Analysis: This domain is concerned with the cognitive
ability to identify the component parts of the learned
material and their relationship.
Active verbs: Analyse, identify, critizise, conclude, select,
differentiate, discriminate, illustrate etc
Example: Write an analytical paper comparing the
antagonist and protogonist of the play.

11. 5. Synthesis: It is concerned with putting together of
parts and elements so as to form a whole.
Active verb : Combine, summarize, precise, discuss,
generalize, organise, reconstruct, plan, modify, etc.
Example: Create a short story using similar plot devices
in a new time or setting.
6. Evaluation : Make judgements about the value of
ideas or materials.
Active verbs: Compares, conclude, critizise, interprets,
evaluate, summarizes, explain, etc.
Example: Write a response to one of the event in the
play, either supporting or rejecting their actions on the
basis of evidence from the play as well as personal
opinion.

12. CONCLUSION
Bloom's taxonomy is a valuable tool for
education because it provides a framework for
educators about fundamental educational
concepts. It shows that learning should happen
from simplest form and move towards complexity.
Before the next one can take place one must be
mastered the first one. Bloom's taxonomy is easily
understood and most widely applied one.

13. REFERENCES
 Dr.Malini.L., 2016, Techniques, Methods
and Approaches of Pedadogy, Vismaya
Prakashana. Pp 33 - 39.
 https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-
excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-
tips/planning-courses-and-assignments/course-
design/blooms-
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