The document outlines the importance of co-curricular activities (CCA) alongside curricular activities in schools in Nepal, emphasizing their role in holistic student development. It details various types of CCA, their planning, and the need for equal emphasis on both curricular and co-curricular activities to enhance learning outcomes. Additionally, it provides practical guidance on selecting, organizing, and motivating student participation in these activities.

1. Co-Curricular Activities
Management in School
Bhu Dev Jha
Section Officer
Education Training Center, Province 1,
Nepal

2. Two types of activities in School
1. Curricular Activities
2. Co-curricular Activities

3. Curricular Activities
Curricular activities or scholastic activities
include:
• Teaching of subjects of study (Language,
Maths, Science and Social Science)
• Conduct of examinations/tests at different
points of time in a year/session,
• Evaluation of learner performance,
• Preparation of progress card of the students

4. Curricular Activities
• These activities are strictly as per the
prescribed curriculum
• Are compulsory for all students of the class
• A formal time table is followed to conduct
these activities
• Mostly confined to classroom lessons

5. Co-curricular Activities
• Many other activities are conducted in schools
and classrooms, including
- Games and sports
- Music, dance, drama, singing,
- Gardening
- Debate
- Excursion
- Exhibition etc.

6. Co-Curricular Activities
• Are not compulsory for all students
• Students participate in such different activities
as per their ability, interest and choice

7. Co-Curricular Activities
• Are organized outside the classroom lessons
• Such activities do not always follow a formal
and rigid time table
• Such activities are not examined like academic
subjects
• These are called co-curricular or co-scholastic
activities

8. Both are equally important
• Curricular activities given more emphasis and
considered as primary activities in the school
• All other activities were given very little
importance
• Time spent on co-curricular activities may be
considered as wasteful by some
• However, co-curricular activities are essential
for a holistic development of students

9. Both are equally important
• Both curricular and co-curricular activities are
complementary to each other and deserve
equal weight and emphasis while planning the
total school program during a full session
• Co-curricular activities to be given equal
importance while planning as the students can
learn several skills and competencies from
these activities in a real life situation in a
joyful environment

10. Both are equally important
• Thus, we can say that activities which are not
part of the academic curriculum but are
acknowledge to be an essential part of the
school life
• Co-curricular activities include sports, school
bands, student newspaper etc.

11. CCA/ECA
• They may also be called as ‘Extracurricular’
i.e. activities carried on outside the regular
course of study; activities outside the usual
duties of a job, as extra class activities”
- According to The International Dictionary of
Education (1977)

12. Why Plan for CCA?
• There are many characteristics of co-curricular
activities, which directly or indirectly help the
classroom teaching
• CCA supplement and complement the entire
teaching learning process and effectively
impact student learning outcomes

13. Why Plan for CCA?
• It strengthens the classroom teaching and
helps to clear the concept of topics
• ECA emphasizes development or creativity,
aesthetic as well as spiritual development
which are essential components of education

14. Why Plan for CCA?
• It helps in developing features like speech
fluency and language skills
• And it helps students to express their ideas
freely due to active participation in debate
and extempore
• CCA are good platform to excel in acting,
singing, speaking, and recitation
• Discussion also helps in generating ideas and
inculcating values

15. Role of CCA
• Games and Sports make students mentally
and physically fit and sound
• Games make students learn how to perform
while losing or winning an event
• Sometimes, classroom teaching becomes
monotonous and routine
• Here, CCA can bring pleasant and joyous
experiences. Thus CCA activity has many
advantages in student’s life

16. Role of CCA
• To realize the all-round development of
student, curricula should be amalgamated
with CCA or ECA
• CCA help in realization of aims and objectives
of education
• Thus, CCA becomes the integral part of
school’s curriculum and students life

17. Types of CCA in School

18. 1. Physical Development
- outdoor and games and sports
- Athletic events
- Gardening
To facilitate Normal Growth and Development of
body
- Development of health habits
- Sound Physical health and fitness

19. 2. Motor development
- Clay modeling
- Basket Making
- Toy Making
- Knitting
- Cardboard work
- Book binding
- Kitchen and flower gardening
To facilitate
- coordination of muscles and nerves
- Development of aesthetic taste and sensibility

20. 3. Language Development
– Debate
– Story and Essay writing
– Recitation
– Wall and School magazine
– Newspaper reading
To develop
- Language skills and speech
- Thought and expression
- Creativity
- Composition skill
- Literary sense and taste

21. 4. Aesthetic and cultural
Development
- Music, Dance, Acting, Folk songs
- Drawing, Painting
- Fancy dress, School decoration
To develop
- Understanding of cultural heritage and tradition
- Familiarity with cultural elements and ethos
- Cultural tastes
- Cultural awareness and interest
- Aesthetic sensibility

22. 5. Civic Development
• Celebration of social festivals, national days
• Student’s self-government, Mock Parliament/court
• Student council
• Running of co-operative store in school
• Visit to municipality office, assembly
To facilitate
- Acquisition of rich experiences of civic life
- Understanding of democratic way of living
- Understanding of duties, obligations and rights
- Civic training development of courage, courtesy

23. 6. Social development
• Morning assembly
• Red cross society
• Survey of the adjoining areas around school
• Cleanliness work
• Awareness campaigns
To facilitate
- Socialization
- Art of social living
- Sharing of responsibility with others
- Team work and leadership
- Loyalty to group and nation
- Rendering of social service campaign

24. 7. Development of Hobbies
• Recreational leisure time activities
• Stamp collection, coin collection
• Collection of pictures , stones , match box etc
• Album making, Photography
To facilitate
- Worthy use of leisure time
- Development of mental and moral hygiene
- Fostering of youthful enthusiasm
- Promotion of creativity
- Reducing monotony of academic work

25. 8. Overall Development
• Picnic , Visit to museum, Zoo, Aquarium
• Trips to places of geographical, historical and
cultural interest
To facilitate
- Promotion of contextual learning
- Broadening of horizon, knowledge and outlook
- Rich practical experiences through direct
observation

26. CCA 2nd Part
Planning of CCA

27. Planning of CCA
• Planning of Curricular and CCA is different
• Following four important considerations are
taken into account while planning the CCA in
Schools:
- Judicious selection of activities;
- Provision of time and space for conduct of the
activities
- Provision for motivation
- Provision of advice/feedback

28. Selection of activities
• Organization of all types of CCA during a
particular session in any school is not
practically feasible in view of constraints in
time, space and resources
• Hence, you need to make judicious selection
of activities

29. Selection of activities
• Activities should be reasonably large in
number and varied in order to provide
opportunities to all students to participate in
several activities
• The activities should be in accordance with
students’ interest and ability
• The activities should not impose excess strain
on the students

30. Selection of activities
• Activities should attract spontaneous
participation of the students
• The activities should be economical
- Essential materials can be easily brought by
children from home
- They are made available by school and can be
organized even within the limited resources of
the school

31. Provision of Time and Space
• Depending upon the availability and suitability
of time and space, activities are to be planned
and organized in schools
• Separate rooms in school may also be allotted
and used for conduct of various indoor
activities

32. Provision of Time and Space
• Some specific outdoor and indoor activities may
require provision in the school time table for
their organization during regular school hours
• Some other activities may require provision for
their organization before/after the school hours
- Morning games can be organized 1 hr before start
of school
- Special classes on robotics, clay modeling, paper
Mache after school

33. Provision of Time and Space
• Moreover, some activities may be planned
and organized in particular seasons and
months
- Picnics, outdoor activities in good weather
- Plan indoor activities in rainy seasons/extreme
cold and warm season
- Activities related with patriotism around
independence and republic days

34. Provision of Time and Space
• All such activities are to be planned date-wise
and month-wise for the whole session
• It is a good idea to inform the students and
parents before hand, like in an annual
planner/diary
• Reminder circular may be sent to parents
beginning of every month

35. Provision of Time and Space
• As regards the space, such activities may be
organized within the school premises provided
adequate and suitable space is available there
- Open playground required for sports and game
- Auditoriums for stage for performances
- Allotting special rooms for photography, clay
modeling, wood work activities
- Use of courtyards/corners by partially covering
them

36. Provision of Time and Space
• In the absence of availability of adequate and
suitable space inside the school, the same
may be conducted outside in the open space
nearby the school

37. Provision of Motivation
• Displaying a long list of activities in the school
information board for the knowledge of all
students
• Inviting their interest and choice for
participation in specific activity/activities

38. Provision of Motivation
• Encouraging the students to take initiative for
conduct of such activities by acting as advisor
and facilitator
• The function and mode of organization of
each activity should be well-spelt out to
motivate the students

39. Provision of Advice
• Each teacher in your school need to remain in-
charge of any particular activity of his/her
interest
• You must have adequate experience and must
demonstrate enthusiasm and positive attitude
for organizing the concerned activities

40. Provision of Advice
• You must take into account students’ feedback
as well as others’ feedback
• You must ensure adequate logistic support
(equipment, materials etc.) in the school to
make these activities operational and
meaningful

41. Things to keep in mind
• The teachers must be a good planner so that
different activities can be planned and carried
out systematically during the academic year
• Some common activities for the entire school
- Mass parade/drill, yoga, singing, dance recitals

42. Things to keep in mind
• Some can be specific to certain grades
depending on age appropriateness
- Art and craft activities, like quelling, tearing
and pasting, paper Mache

43. Things to keep in mind
• Opportunity for all students to participate in
activities depending on their interest and
choice
• Encouraging innovation and creativity
• Encourage student independence and
responsibility

44. Things to keep in mind
• Detailed instructions written on info sheet which
can be photocopied for each student
• Discussion on student’s action plans
• Students should be clear on details related with
the activity
• Blackboards/display boards/flipchart /flip books
made available in the activity rooms
• Other material need to be available in abundance
• Like Pens/pencils/crayons/paints/glue/scissors,
tape, clay etc.

45. Thank You