Climate: Climatic Change - Evidence, Cycles and The Futuregeomillie
A PowerPoint used in class to cover the key forms of evidence you need to know for the Exam. Key Questions are likely to be focused on how we can gain information of past climatic change, and how it can be used to predict future, and I would expect you to be able to comment on the usefulness of the different types. For instance, Ice cores are highly accurate and quantifiable evidence, but gaining them is expensive, and only gives a climatic record for the site at which the snow formed. However, they do provide the longest record of change.
Climate: Climatic Change - Evidence, Cycles and The Futuregeomillie
A PowerPoint used in class to cover the key forms of evidence you need to know for the Exam. Key Questions are likely to be focused on how we can gain information of past climatic change, and how it can be used to predict future, and I would expect you to be able to comment on the usefulness of the different types. For instance, Ice cores are highly accurate and quantifiable evidence, but gaining them is expensive, and only gives a climatic record for the site at which the snow formed. However, they do provide the longest record of change.
The Earth’s climate is dynamic and characterised by trends, aberrations and quasi-periodic oscillations varying over a broad range of time-scales [1], which are governed by external (extraterrestrial systems) and/or internal(ocean, atmosphere and land system). Trends are largely controlled by plate tectonics, and thus to change gradually on million year time scale. Aberrations occur when the certain thresholds are passed and are manifested in the geological record as the unusual rapid (less than a few thousands of years) or extreme change in climate. The quasi-periodic oscillations are mostly astronomically paced; they are driven by astronomical perturbations that affect the earth’s orbit around the sun and the orientation of earth’s rotation axis with respect to its orbital plane. These perturbations are described by the three main astronomical cycles: eccentricity, precession and obliquity, which together determine the spatial and seasonal pattern of insolation received by the earth [2], eventually resulting in climatic oscillations of ten to hundreds of thousands of year [3].Sun being the main source of energy for the earth system controls the climate of it. Variation in solar activity and cosmic ray intensity has direct influence over climatic features such as cloudiness, temperature and rainfall [4]. Volcanic eruptions also force all elements of the climatic systems up to a varying degree but producing long term climatic signals in the ocean. The cumulative volcanic cooling effect at present offsets about one third of anthropogenic warming [5].Other than these causes paleoclimatologists also relates the past climate changes with movement of solar system[6], interplanetary dusts and influence of asteroids[7].However the recent variability in climate what earth is experiencing is unlikely due to any of the individual above factors rather it is due to the compound effect of complex interactions of all the natural as well as anthropogenic forcings.
References:
1. J. C. Zachos, M. Pagani, L. Sloan, E. Thomas, K. Billups, Science 292 (2001) 686-693.
2. G. Kukla, Nature (London) 253, 600 (1975).
3. J. D. Hays, J. Imbrie, N. J. Shackleton, Science 194 (1876) 1121-1132.
4. N. Marsh, H. Swensmark, Space Sci. Rev. 94 (2000) 215-230.
5. T. L. Delworth, V. Ramaswamy, G. L. Stenchikov, Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 (2005) L24709.
6. K. Fuhrer, E. W. Wolf, S. J. Johnsen, J. Geophys. Res. 104(D24) (1999) 31043-31052
7. P. Hut, W. Alvarez, W. P. Elder, T. Hansen, E. G. Kauffman, G. Keller, E. M. Shoemaker & P. R. Weissman, Nature Vol. 329, 10 September, 1987
NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME AND NATIONAL GREEN CORPS CLIMATE EDUCATION MODULEW G Kumar
A training module to introduce College Lecturers and School Teachers to the subject of Climate Education and Live Projects that they can do in their institution and elsewhere
a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.
The Earth’s climate is dynamic and characterised by trends, aberrations and quasi-periodic oscillations varying over a broad range of time-scales [1], which are governed by external (extraterrestrial systems) and/or internal(ocean, atmosphere and land system). Trends are largely controlled by plate tectonics, and thus to change gradually on million year time scale. Aberrations occur when the certain thresholds are passed and are manifested in the geological record as the unusual rapid (less than a few thousands of years) or extreme change in climate. The quasi-periodic oscillations are mostly astronomically paced; they are driven by astronomical perturbations that affect the earth’s orbit around the sun and the orientation of earth’s rotation axis with respect to its orbital plane. These perturbations are described by the three main astronomical cycles: eccentricity, precession and obliquity, which together determine the spatial and seasonal pattern of insolation received by the earth [2], eventually resulting in climatic oscillations of ten to hundreds of thousands of year [3].Sun being the main source of energy for the earth system controls the climate of it. Variation in solar activity and cosmic ray intensity has direct influence over climatic features such as cloudiness, temperature and rainfall [4]. Volcanic eruptions also force all elements of the climatic systems up to a varying degree but producing long term climatic signals in the ocean. The cumulative volcanic cooling effect at present offsets about one third of anthropogenic warming [5].Other than these causes paleoclimatologists also relates the past climate changes with movement of solar system[6], interplanetary dusts and influence of asteroids[7].However the recent variability in climate what earth is experiencing is unlikely due to any of the individual above factors rather it is due to the compound effect of complex interactions of all the natural as well as anthropogenic forcings.
References:
1. J. C. Zachos, M. Pagani, L. Sloan, E. Thomas, K. Billups, Science 292 (2001) 686-693.
2. G. Kukla, Nature (London) 253, 600 (1975).
3. J. D. Hays, J. Imbrie, N. J. Shackleton, Science 194 (1876) 1121-1132.
4. N. Marsh, H. Swensmark, Space Sci. Rev. 94 (2000) 215-230.
5. T. L. Delworth, V. Ramaswamy, G. L. Stenchikov, Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 (2005) L24709.
6. K. Fuhrer, E. W. Wolf, S. J. Johnsen, J. Geophys. Res. 104(D24) (1999) 31043-31052
7. P. Hut, W. Alvarez, W. P. Elder, T. Hansen, E. G. Kauffman, G. Keller, E. M. Shoemaker & P. R. Weissman, Nature Vol. 329, 10 September, 1987
NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME AND NATIONAL GREEN CORPS CLIMATE EDUCATION MODULEW G Kumar
A training module to introduce College Lecturers and School Teachers to the subject of Climate Education and Live Projects that they can do in their institution and elsewhere
a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.
a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.
Global Warming and Climate Change Group-7.pptxSN Showrov
This is was a simple presentation task assigned in a B.Sc. civil engineering course of AUST.
Different information and necessary pictures from different sites were included and combined presentation slide was formed on topic of "Global Warming and Its reasons:Man made or otherwise".
This slide is only for study purpose and a sample one on how to make a similar slide regarding global warming highlighting other reasons.
Climate Fresk Key Messages from Climate ClarityClimateClarity
This slideshow outlines the key messages of the Climate Fresk workshop. From the key points of the physical system to the framing of climate action, you should learn something about your role as a climate leader.
Get in touch with Climate Clarity at info@climateclarity.co.uk to learn more about the workshop and book it in your community or organisation.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...
Climate change
1. CLIMATE CHANGE
“It is not a Science Fiction”
Submitted By-
Vinay Verma
Submitted To-
Abhay Shrivastav
2. DIFFERENCE B/W CLIMATE AND WEATHER
Climate
“it is the average of many
years of weather observation”
It is for long duration.
It is observed on wide area.
It changes season to season.
It is measured over a long span
of time.
Weather
“it is what happening outside
your window right now”
It is for short duration.
it is observed on limited area.
It can change rapidly.
It is difficult to predict.
3. CLIMATE SYSTEM
Climate system consist of five
components.
1. Atmosphere (air).
2. Hydrosphere (water).
3. Cryosphere (ice).
4. Biosphere (living things).
5. Lithosphere (upper mantle and earth crust).
4. CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is the long-term alteration of
temperature and normal weather patterns in
a place. This could refer to a particular
location or the planet as a whole.
Climate change is depend on climate system.
Climate system takes maximum energy from
sun and also gives off energy to outer space.
Warming ad cooling of earth depends on this
energy incoming and outgoing. This flow of
energy creates weather. Changes in weather
for long time causes climate change.
5. FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE SYSTEM
Abiotic factors
Latitude
Altitude
Ocean currents
Solar radiation
Evaporation
Volcanic activity
Orbital variations
Biotic factors
Transpiration
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
DigestionBy Non-Living
things
By Living things
7. Affects of Greenhouse Effect:-
Greenhouse effect is directly proportional to Atmosphere Temperature & amount of
Greenhouse gases that atmosphere contains.
• Planets with less Greenhouse effect are either very cold or have huge temperature
difference between day and night.
• Planets with abundant greenhouse effect are very hot.
• Earth has appropriate Greenhouse effect for life existence.
ROLE IN CLIMATE CHANGE :-
Greenhouse effect is one of the major reason for climate change. Climate is determined by
Temperature which is influenced by Greenhouse effect. Human activities like burning Fossils
and clearcutting of forests increases Greenhouse gases level in atmosphere which
accelerates greenhouse effect and causes Global Warming.
8. TITLE AND CONTENT LAYOUT WITH LIST
Add your first bullet point here
Add your second bullet point here
Add your third bullet point here
9. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Rise in sea level :-
Increase in atmosphere
temperature melting of
ice of Glaciers on poles
causes rise in sea level.
Heavy rainfall across the globe:-
Altering in greenhouse gases accelerate the
Greenhouse effect which caused global
Warming. Globalwarming causes heavy
rainfall.
10. Extreme draughts:-
Global warming is the reason for this.
Decline in crop productivity:-
uncertain monsoons.
11. CONTENT WITH
CAPTION LAYOUT
WITH SMARTART
• Task description
• Task description
Step 1 Title
• Task description
• Task description
Step 2 Title
• Task description
• Task description
Step 3 Title
Caption
Ecosystems are changing:-
ecosystem depend upon three cycle.
1. Water circulation
2. Carbon circulation
3. Other nutrients
But human activities affected these cycles and reduces
the ability of ecosystem to provide benefit.
Extinction of species of plat and animal is the result.
Birds migration and animal habitation disrupt.
seawater acidifications:-
Dissolving of carbon di-oxide in oceans
makes it acidic.
plankton absorb co2 ad form shells.
12. HOW WE CAN CHECK THE CLIMATIC CHANGE
1. Melting of glaciers tells about the change I climate.
2. By an ice core.
3. Tree ring .
4. Animal and plat life changing.
5. Rise in temperature.
13. WHAT CAN WE DONE TO PREVENT CLIMATE CHANGE?
1. Try to avoid usage of greenhouse gases emitting invention like ac, refrigerator etc.
2. Conserve electricity.
3. Maintain your automobile so it can`t emit more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
4. Support public transport instead of using own vehicle.
5. Switch to hybrid and EV vehicles.
6. Start using renewable source of energy solar power.
7. Don’t waste food. It takes too much time to produce it.
8. Stop deforestation and start plantation.
9. Suppress population growth.
10.Educating people.
11.Say no to plastic.