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Seminar on CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
CLEFT LIP: Cleft lip is a birth defect that results in a unilateral or bilateral opening in the upper lip between the mouth and nose.  CLEFT PALATE: Cleft palate is a birth defect characterized by an opening in the roof of the mouth caused by a lack of tissue development.
DEVELOPMENT OF CLEFT (a)  Cleft Lip  : Various theories have been given for its development.  - Failure of fusion between median  nasal process and maxillary process.  - Failure of mesodermal migration between the two layered epithelial  membrane. This leads to a  breakdown and cleft formation. -  Rupture of cyst formed at the site of  fusion.
(b)  Cleft Palate  : Various theories have    been given for its development.  - Alteration in intrinsic palatal shelf force  - Failure of tongue to drop down  - Non fusion of shelves - Failure of mesodermal migration  - Rupture of cyst formed at the site      Of fusion.
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1.a Classification by Veau  Group-I   Cleft of the soft palate only   Group-II Cleft of the hard and soft palate  till the incisive foramen.   Group-III   Complete unilateral cleft of the   soft palate,hard  palate,the  alveolar ridge and the lip on one  side Group-IV Complete cleft of the soft palate,  hard palate, the alveolar ridge  and lip on the both side.
2.a Classification by Kernahan and Stark  Group-I Cleft of the primary palate only   (i) Unilateral (ii)  Bilateral    (iii)  Total  (iv)  Sub-total  Group-II Cleft of the secondary palate only   (i) Total  (ii) Sub-total    (iii) Submucous Group-III Cleft of the primary &  secondary palate   (i) Unilateral -Total, Sub-total    (ii)  Median  - Total, Sub-total    (iii) Bilateral  -Total, Sub-total
2.b Classification by Spina Group-I Pre-incisive foramen clefts  (i) Unilateral (ii)  Bilateral  (iii) Median  Group-II Tran-incisive foramen clefts   (i) Unilateral  (ii) Bilateral Group-III Post-incisive foramen clefts    (i) Total    (ii) Partial Group-IV Rare facial clefts
SYMBOLIC AND COMPUTERGRAPHIC PRESENTATION By Kernahan (1971)  Modified by Ehlsaky & Millard (Rt)    1,5 : Nasal floor  (Lt) 2,6 :  Lip  3,7 :  Alveolus  4,8 :  Hard palate    anterior to incisive foramen.  9,10: Hard palate    posterior to incisive foramen  11 :  Soft palate
NORMAL ANATOMY (ACCORDING TO KERNAHAN AND STARK CLASSIFICATION) GROUP 1 UNILATERAL GROUP 1a UNILATERAL GROUP 1a BILATERAL
(CONTD.) GROUP II COMPLETE GROUP III UNILATERAL GROUP III BILATERAL
CLEFTS  OF  LIP
BILATERAL COMPLETE CLEFT PALATE
INCOMPLETE CLEFT PALATE
BILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
UNILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
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CLINICAL FEATURES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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REFERENCES: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THANK YOU

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cleft-lip-palate

  • 2. Seminar on CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
  • 3. CLEFT LIP: Cleft lip is a birth defect that results in a unilateral or bilateral opening in the upper lip between the mouth and nose. CLEFT PALATE: Cleft palate is a birth defect characterized by an opening in the roof of the mouth caused by a lack of tissue development.
  • 4. DEVELOPMENT OF CLEFT (a) Cleft Lip : Various theories have been given for its development. - Failure of fusion between median nasal process and maxillary process. - Failure of mesodermal migration between the two layered epithelial membrane. This leads to a breakdown and cleft formation. - Rupture of cyst formed at the site of fusion.
  • 5. (b) Cleft Palate : Various theories have been given for its development. - Alteration in intrinsic palatal shelf force - Failure of tongue to drop down - Non fusion of shelves - Failure of mesodermal migration - Rupture of cyst formed at the site Of fusion.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. 1.a Classification by Veau Group-I Cleft of the soft palate only Group-II Cleft of the hard and soft palate till the incisive foramen. Group-III Complete unilateral cleft of the soft palate,hard palate,the alveolar ridge and the lip on one side Group-IV Complete cleft of the soft palate, hard palate, the alveolar ridge and lip on the both side.
  • 9. 2.a Classification by Kernahan and Stark Group-I Cleft of the primary palate only (i) Unilateral (ii) Bilateral (iii) Total (iv) Sub-total Group-II Cleft of the secondary palate only (i) Total (ii) Sub-total (iii) Submucous Group-III Cleft of the primary & secondary palate (i) Unilateral -Total, Sub-total (ii) Median - Total, Sub-total (iii) Bilateral -Total, Sub-total
  • 10. 2.b Classification by Spina Group-I Pre-incisive foramen clefts (i) Unilateral (ii) Bilateral (iii) Median Group-II Tran-incisive foramen clefts (i) Unilateral (ii) Bilateral Group-III Post-incisive foramen clefts (i) Total (ii) Partial Group-IV Rare facial clefts
  • 11. SYMBOLIC AND COMPUTERGRAPHIC PRESENTATION By Kernahan (1971) Modified by Ehlsaky & Millard (Rt) 1,5 : Nasal floor (Lt) 2,6 : Lip 3,7 : Alveolus 4,8 : Hard palate anterior to incisive foramen. 9,10: Hard palate posterior to incisive foramen 11 : Soft palate
  • 12. NORMAL ANATOMY (ACCORDING TO KERNAHAN AND STARK CLASSIFICATION) GROUP 1 UNILATERAL GROUP 1a UNILATERAL GROUP 1a BILATERAL
  • 13. (CONTD.) GROUP II COMPLETE GROUP III UNILATERAL GROUP III BILATERAL
  • 14. CLEFTS OF LIP
  • 17. BILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
  • 18. UNILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.