This document provides an overview of cleft lip and palate. It begins by defining cleft lip and palate as malformations involving the lip, with or without the palate. It then discusses the incidence, causes, transmission, pathogenesis and normal development process. The document also covers classification systems for cleft lip and palate and concludes by outlining the dental implications and providing references.
Cleft Lip and Palate - Presentation.
Cleft Lip and Palate is the 2nd most common Congenital Anomaly after Clubfoot. This presentation goes in depth about the Presentation, eitiology, Genetics, Medical management, Nasoalveolar Moulding, Surgical management of Cleft Lip & Palate
Cleft lip and Cleft palate embryology, features, and management Augustine raj
cleft lip and Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies encountered in ENT and Pediatrics practice. It is important to be familiar with the clinical features and complications, Surgical procedures, timing of surgery and complications associated with the surgeries. this presentation will give you a simple approach towards the same.
Ankyloglossia a congenital oral anomaly Dr Medical
https://userupload.net/h9ig9byum706
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease mobility of the tongue tip and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is the result of a short, tight, lingual frenulum causing difficulty in speech articulation due to limitation in tongue movement. Ankyloglossia is a congenital condition in which a neonate is born with an abnormally short, thickened, or tight lingual frenulum that restricts mobility of the tongue. Ankyloglossia may be associated with other craniofacial abnormalities, but is also often an isolated anomaly.
Cleft Lip and Palate - Presentation.
Cleft Lip and Palate is the 2nd most common Congenital Anomaly after Clubfoot. This presentation goes in depth about the Presentation, eitiology, Genetics, Medical management, Nasoalveolar Moulding, Surgical management of Cleft Lip & Palate
Cleft lip and Cleft palate embryology, features, and management Augustine raj
cleft lip and Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies encountered in ENT and Pediatrics practice. It is important to be familiar with the clinical features and complications, Surgical procedures, timing of surgery and complications associated with the surgeries. this presentation will give you a simple approach towards the same.
Ankyloglossia a congenital oral anomaly Dr Medical
https://userupload.net/h9ig9byum706
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease mobility of the tongue tip and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is the result of a short, tight, lingual frenulum causing difficulty in speech articulation due to limitation in tongue movement. Ankyloglossia is a congenital condition in which a neonate is born with an abnormally short, thickened, or tight lingual frenulum that restricts mobility of the tongue. Ankyloglossia may be associated with other craniofacial abnormalities, but is also often an isolated anomaly.
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
cleft lip & palate/orthodontics courses by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Lecture 8 management of patients with orofacial cleftsLama K Banna
Maxillofacial Surgery
Dental Students Fifth Year First semester
Lecture Name management of patients with orofacial clefts
Lecture 8
Al Azhar University Gaza Palestine
Dr. Lama El Banna
presentation includes definition, history,embryology,classification,normal anatomy , cleft anatomy, clinical features ,dental abnormalities, associates issues with hearing and specech,feeding.
, Phonological systems are rule-governed; that is, they operat.docxdurantheseldine
, Phonological systems are rule-governed; that is, they operate according to certain rules and are
: manifested as patterns.The word used for individual speech sounds is phones, and the study of the
; characteristics, or features, of phones of all languages is called phonetics (Yule, 2010). Although the
I focus is on the English sound system, it is important to note that each language is systematic in its
patterning, and that although similarities exist across all languages, differences abound.
Phonology
The study of the sound system of languages, called phonology, helps teachers understand many
challenges English learners (ELs) face, both in hearing and producing the sounds of a new language.
This knowledge also assists teachers in diagnosing errors second language (L2) readers typically
make when reading aloud and in predicting how this affects comprehension, accuracy, and fluency.
This section is fundamental to an understanding of linguistics because it introduces a number of
important concepts that are revisited at other levels of language. The first section is on the basic con
cepts of phonology; the second is about the consonants of English; the third provides an overview of
the English vowels; and the fourth is about suprasegmentals, the phonological phenomena affecting
pronunciation at word and phrasal levels. An examination of the learning processes involved when
a learner encounters a new language is presented along with activities to support educators and
students in discovering the characteristics of how the sound systems function, as well as ways to
apply knowledge of phonology to help students overcome difficulties. See Figure 5.1.
g
"i,':
.§
~
_;;
Sounds
l--- --L-..-.
~
~'------........-'
=
j
_;;
..... = = "' @
Intonation
Word stress
Rhythm
Features of
connected speech
Figure S.1. Phonology.
-[ill-
A uniYersal concept across languages is the phone, or sound, as represe:-.?.:: ::-- .:. ..=~ o:::- 0::.~er 5;-::-.::... "
between brackets, such as [p ]. Note that [pl between brackets represents ti-.E s.:::. ~ 2..:'".i ~~ 'p ' in si.-.~
quotation marks represents the letter. The concept of phone is a uni\·ersal o:-.e: a _e::cr or other syrr.x_
in brackets indicates thatit is part ofa system that includes all the world's languages. The Intemationa..
Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) includes all these phones using a unique symbol for each sound.
The sound of [p] in English actually has three different variants, the aspirated [p] in 'pit', fr.:c
unaspirated [p] in 'shopping' and the unreleased [p] in 'stop'. Even though English has these ya::
ants, called allophones, of [p ], they are still the same phoneme. That is, the same symbol is used.::
represent all the variants of [p] for English. A phoneme is represented by a symbol that includes L
possible variants (allophones) of a particular sound in a particular language, and is written ben..,·ee:
slashes, as in / p /. Aspiration o.
Embryology, Anatomy, diagnosis, Management of individuals with clefts of the lip and/or palate, Management in the neonatal period, Management during childhood, Cleft management in adolescence and early adulthood, Importance of dental care in overall management,
1. What is the difference between equality and equity and to what .docxdurantheseldine
1. What is the difference between equality and equity and to what extent do we need to be inclusive of others? Be sure to reference at least one philosopher or ethical framework as support for your reasoning (200-250 words)
https://inclusion.com/site/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Ethics-of-Inclusion.pdf
2. Choose one of your representatives (U.S. House of Representatives, U.S. Senate) and write a letter to him or her advocating for a particular policy position. You may include personal information and arguments ("As a lifelong hunter..." "As a mother of small children...") but you should also use some facts and figures drawn from your own research. Your letter should make at least two specific arguments, backed up with some sort of data, and be at least 300 words in length.
, Phonological systems are rule-governed; that is, they operate according to certain rules and are
: manifested as patterns.The word used for individual speech sounds is phones, and the study of the
; characteristics, or features, of phones of all languages is called phonetics (Yule, 2010). Although the
I focus is on the English sound system, it is important to note that each language is systematic in its
patterning, and that although similarities exist across all languages, differences abound.
Phonology
The study of the sound system of languages, called phonology, helps teachers understand many
challenges English learners (ELs) face, both in hearing and producing the sounds of a new language.
This knowledge also assists teachers in diagnosing errors second language (L2) readers typically
make when reading aloud and in predicting how this affects comprehension, accuracy, and fluency.
This section is fundamental to an understanding of linguistics because it introduces a number of
important concepts that are revisited at other levels of language. The first section is on the basic con
cepts of phonology; the second is about the consonants of English; the third provides an overview of
the English vowels; and the fourth is about suprasegmentals, the phonological phenomena affecting
pronunciation at word and phrasal levels. An examination of the learning processes involved when
a learner encounters a new language is presented along with activities to support educators and
students in discovering the characteristics of how the sound systems function, as well as ways to
apply knowledge of phonology to help students overcome difficulties. See Figure 5.1.
g
"i,':
.§
~
_;;
Sounds
l--- --L-..-.
~
~'------........-'
=
j
_;;
..... = = "' @
Intonation
Word stress
Rhythm
Features of
connected speech
Figure S.1. Phonology.
-[ill-
A uniYersal concept across languages is the phone, or sound, as represe:-.?.:: ::-- .:. ..=~ o:::- 0::.~er 5;-::-.::... "
between brackets, such as [p ]. Note that [pl between brackets represents ti-.E s.:::. ~ 2..:'".i ~~ 'p ' in si.-.~
quotation marks represents the letter. The concept of phone is a uni\·er.
Cleft lip and palate importance in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Characteristics and features of developmental, hereditary and congenital disorders affecting the teeth and other hard tissues. Genetic concepts of development and role of teratogens on developing tissues,
Dental Caries, its pathophysiology and progression in enamel, dentine and cementum. We will also look at different zones of caries existing within in enamel and dentine.
Inflammation is a fundamental process for human survival, this lecture covers the basics of the process, its components and affects. Developing an understanding of this process will enable the student to comprehend this omnipresent process and how it is directly linked to our survival.
At the end of this lecture, the student should be able to:
Develop understanding of the classification
Describe how a cyst develops.
Describe the origin and identifying characteristics of the radicular cyst.
Describe the origin and identifying characteristics of the Dentigerous cyst.
Describe the origin and identifying characteristics of the Odontogenic Keratocyst cyst.
Describe the radiographic characteristics of the dentigerous cyst and the odontogenic keratocyst.
Discuss the radiographic appearance of the lateral periodontal cyst. 8. List the factors involved in the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.
State the histologic finding that is a key diagnostic feature of Radicular, Dentigerous & Keratocysts.
Describe the origin and identifying characteristics of non odontogenic cysts.
Describe different treatment options available, and their clinical importance.
At the end of this session, the student should be able to describe:
What is Periodontium and its role
Ecology of Dental Crevice and its role
Conditions that affect Periodontal tissue
Role of Microorganisms in Periodontal Disease
Complex relationship between Plaque and periodontal disease
Describe relationship between plaque and oral diseases
Describe role of plaque in development of caries
Define Dental Caries
Describe the aetiology and the role different factors play in ini4a4on and progression of the disease
Describe the role played by different microorganisms
Develop an understanding of Taxonomy (classification) of Oral Microorganisms
Describe how to obtain samples from Oral Cavity
Describe Molecular techniques of identification
Describe techniques that requires culture for identification
1. CLEFT LIP & CLEFT
PALATE
Dr. Ali Yaldrum
B.D.S, M.Sc (London)
Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University
get in touch
2. Learning Objectives
At the end of this lecture, students should be able to:
• Develop an understanding terms Cleft lip & Palate
• Develop an understanding of incidence of the condition
• Describe the etiology and pathogenesis
• Describe classification and dental implications
3. Contents
1. Cleft Lip & Palate
2. Incidence
3. Causes
8. Dental Implications
4. Method of Transmission
9. References
5. Pathogenesis
6. Normal Process
7. Classification
4. Cleft Lip & Palate
The term cleft lip & palate is commonly
used to represent two types of
malformation
• cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P)(fig.1)
• cleft palate (CP) (fig.2)
5. sult in clefting.
NCE
Extraoral Characteristics: Not applicable
Perioral and Intraoral Characteristics: Refer to
Figure 6.24 for examples of cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft
onsidered to
Bilateral cleft of lip & palate
(fig.1)
6. ount for about 70% of
DCR, 2006).
he method of transmis-
cause of the clefting.
dence of autosomal dom-
x-linked inheritance pat- cleft of the hard & soft palates
spontaneous mutation or
While genetic factors ap- (fig.2)
r clefting, environmental
elopment of the cleft.
ng of some type occurs in
7. at account for about 70% of
me (NIDCR, 2006).
on: The method of transmis-
ecific cause of the clefting.
bit evidence of autosomal dom-
and sex-linked inheritance pat-
lt of a spontaneous mutation or
enes. While genetic factors ap-
dual for clefting, environmental
se development of the cleft.
l clefting of some type occurs in
to 550 live births in the United
use of oral clefting is highly re-
vidual and the type of cleft in-
bilateral cleft have the greatest
s and the lowest number of en-
les with a unilateral cleft have
tic influences and the highest
ctors (Tolarova, July 2005).
/palate occurs when there is
the palate, premaxilla, and re-
e 6th to 8th week of embry- Figure 6.24. Oral clefting. A. Bilateral cleft of the lip and
palate. (From Rubin E, Farber JL. Pathology. 3rd ed.
ifactorial inheritance implies
n the environment will either Unilateral cleft of lip
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999.) B. Cleft
of the hard and soft palates. (Courtesy of R Chase.) C.
ment of a cleft or enhance the Unilateral cleft of the upper lip. (Courtesy of R Chase.)
(fig.3)
10. Cleft lip, cleft palate, and the combination
of cleft lip and palate are considered to
have a multifactorial cause, including both
environmental and genetic elements.
11. incidence
• common congenital malformation
• reported incidence varies from 1 in 500
to 1 in 2500 live births
• male:female 2:1
• Asian population have higher incidence
compared to the caucasian population
12. Causes
• Oral clefts have been linked to genes
located on more than several
chromosomes including 1, 2, 4, 6, and
19, among others
13. Causes
• maternal smoking (especially more than
20/day) and exposure to passive smoke
• Drugs: Accutane, phenytoin, warfarin
ethanol
• maternal folic acid deficiency
• ingest large quantities of Vit A
14. Method of Transmission
• Depends on the specific cause of the clefting.
• Multifactorial clefts can exhibit evidence of
autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive,
and sex-linked inheritance patterns
• spontaneous mutation or mutations in one or
more genes.
15. Method of Transmission
• If one of the parent has a cleft lip, his/her
child face a risk of 20%
• If their is one child with cleft lip, the following
child faces risk of 14%
• A non cleft parent with a cleft lip faces a risk
of 4% for the following child
16. Pathogenesis
• The face and facial structures are formed
out of three plates, each migrating
toward a meeting point in the middle
area of the face.
17. • The facial structures of the orbicularis
muscle form the lip. They are joined at
the philitrum lines.
• join by 4th week of pregnancy
18. • The palate is then formed out of the
structure that begins as the tongue and
palate.
• Between the fourth and the eighth weeks
of gestation, the tongue drops down and
the palatal segments then move from the
sides and toward the middle, fusing in
the center.
19. • A cleft, therefore, is not something that is
formed, so much as it is something that
does not form.
20. Normal Process
6 Weeks
• Maxillary process
• Lateral nasal process
• Median nasal process
These three processes join and fuse to form the
primary palate
21. Normal Process
7 Weeks
Median nasal process and maxillary process have
fused creating upper lip and anterior maxillary
alveolus
22. Normal Process
8 Weeks
Complex totally fused and mesodermal migration
completed Tongue, which has been postured
superiorly between lateral palatal shelves of maxilla,
moves inferiorly allowing palatal processes to grow
toward midline and fuse, form nasopalatine foramen
to uvula
24. Classification
• The Veau Classification system (table.1)
• The Striped-Y Classification system (fig.6)
25. The Veau Classification system
Class Description
I Soft palate only
II Hard & soft palate to the incisive foramen
Complete unilateral of soft, hard, lip, &
III alveolar ridge
Complete bilateral of soft, hard, and/or lip and
IV alveolar ridge
These descriptions can be modified with the words
incomplete, right, left, one/third, and so on.
(Table.1)
26. * 18/9/03 09:14 Página 25
The Striped-Y Classification
First East Indian International Cleft Surgery Workshop
system
R L
I
Lip
Alveolus
ion in clefts is considerable.
Primary
palate
N
y to record a cleft lip is by Foramen
hy. A better way to record a incisivum
t is to fill in the following
h stripes and dots. Vomer T
Spinae
Soft
pa late
R
R L (fig.6)
O
27. figure with stripes and dots.
Vo
Soft
pa lat
R L
Fig. 2
Cleft palate
R L
Cleft palate
(fig.7)
Fig. 3
28. Fig. 2
Cleft palate
R L
Fig. 3
Left-sided unilate
cleft lip and palat
R L
Left-sided unilateral complete cleft lip and palate
(fig.8)
Fig. 4
Bilateral complete
29. Fig. 3
Left-sided unila
cleft lip and pal
R L
Fig. 4
Bilateral comple
and palate
R L
Bilateral complete cleft lip and palate
Fig. 5
(fig.9)
Bilateral-right i
complete-cleft li
30. Fig. 4
Bilateral compl
and palate
R L
Fig. 5
Bilateral-right
complete-cleft l
palate
Bilateral-right incomplete, left complete-
cleft lip and primary palate
25
(fig.10)
31. Dental Implications
• The dental implications of cleft lip and/or
palate depend on the number of dental
abnormalities present and the stage of
treatment.
• The dentist play an important role in
managing the care of the individual with a
cleft lip and/or palate through education
and preventive dental hygiene therapy.
32. • Numerous surgical and other medical
and dental treatments are necessary to
correct cleft lip/palate. The surgeries are
scheduled starting at about 3 months of
age & ending at about 1 year to correct
simple clefts.
33. References
• Dr. B. Sudarshan & Dr. Bhanu Murthy, “Plástikos - Cleft Surgeons & Doctors -
Smile Train Partners” in First East Indian International Cleft Surgery Workshop,
2003. http://medpro.smiletrain.org.uk/library/images/WS-India-Manual.pdf
• Leslie DeLong, Nancy W. Burkhart, “Developmental, Hereditary and Congenital
Disorders” in General Oral Pathology for Hygienists, 1st Edition, Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, 2008 pp 110-146.
• Development of Face, Interactive guide: http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/
hnanim/face/face.html