Cleft palate is a congenital deformity caused by abnormal facial development during gestation. It results from the failure of structures like the lip and palate to fuse properly before birth. Treatment requires a team approach and several surgeries over many years to repair the palate and address issues like feeding difficulties, speech problems, dental abnormalities, and ear infections. The goal of palate repair surgery is to separate the oral and nasal cavities to allow for normal speech and feeding.
Ankyloglossia a congenital oral anomaly Dr Medical
https://userupload.net/h9ig9byum706
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease mobility of the tongue tip and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is the result of a short, tight, lingual frenulum causing difficulty in speech articulation due to limitation in tongue movement. Ankyloglossia is a congenital condition in which a neonate is born with an abnormally short, thickened, or tight lingual frenulum that restricts mobility of the tongue. Ankyloglossia may be associated with other craniofacial abnormalities, but is also often an isolated anomaly.
Cleft Lip and Palate - Presentation.
Cleft Lip and Palate is the 2nd most common Congenital Anomaly after Clubfoot. This presentation goes in depth about the Presentation, eitiology, Genetics, Medical management, Nasoalveolar Moulding, Surgical management of Cleft Lip & Palate
Ankyloglossia a congenital oral anomaly Dr Medical
https://userupload.net/h9ig9byum706
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease mobility of the tongue tip and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is the result of a short, tight, lingual frenulum causing difficulty in speech articulation due to limitation in tongue movement. Ankyloglossia is a congenital condition in which a neonate is born with an abnormally short, thickened, or tight lingual frenulum that restricts mobility of the tongue. Ankyloglossia may be associated with other craniofacial abnormalities, but is also often an isolated anomaly.
Cleft Lip and Palate - Presentation.
Cleft Lip and Palate is the 2nd most common Congenital Anomaly after Clubfoot. This presentation goes in depth about the Presentation, eitiology, Genetics, Medical management, Nasoalveolar Moulding, Surgical management of Cleft Lip & Palate
Cleft lip and Cleft palate embryology, features, and management Augustine raj
cleft lip and Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies encountered in ENT and Pediatrics practice. It is important to be familiar with the clinical features and complications, Surgical procedures, timing of surgery and complications associated with the surgeries. this presentation will give you a simple approach towards the same.
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Cleft lip and Cleft palate embryology, features, and management Augustine raj
cleft lip and Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies encountered in ENT and Pediatrics practice. It is important to be familiar with the clinical features and complications, Surgical procedures, timing of surgery and complications associated with the surgeries. this presentation will give you a simple approach towards the same.
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
At the end of this lecture, students should be able to:
Develop an understanding terms Cleft lip & Palate
Develop an understanding of incidence of the condition
Describe the etiology and pathogenesis
Describe classification and dental implications
El labio leporino y el paladar hendido son de las malformaciones congénitas que se presentan con mayor frecuentes en los recién nacidos. Ocaccionando deformidad de labio, encías, paladar duro, blando y nariz
Management of Orofacial Cleft Dr. Sunil (2).pptx Management of Orofacial Clef...ssuser12303b
Management of Orofacial Cleft Dr. Sunil (2).pptxManagement of Orofacial Cleft Dr. Sunil (2).pptxManagement of Orofacial Cleft Dr. Sunil (2).pptxManagement of Orofacial Cleft Dr. Sunil (2).pptx
cleft lip and palate are the most common type of congenital anomalies. the worldwide prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate ranges from 0.8 to 2.7 cases per 1000 live births. cleft lip is called cheiloschisis and cleft plate is called palatoschisis. Cleft lip is a gap or indentation in the lip or split continued up to the nostril due to the failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal process.
Cleft palate is the condition in which the two plates of the skull that forms hard palate are not completely joined due to the failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, nasal septum and medial palatine process. EMBRYOLOGYPrimary palate forms during the 4-7th week of gestation when two maxillary processes and two medial nasal processes fuse.
Secondary palate forms in 6-9th weeks of gestation when palatal shelves change from vertical to horizontal position and fuse. Tongue migrates Antero-inferiorly.
Cleft lip occurs when an epithelial bridge fails.
Clefts of primary palate occur anterior to incisive foramen and clefts of secondary palate occur posterior to the incisive foramen.
ETIOLOGY Genetic: Non-syndromic inheritance (risk increases with parents or siblings or both affected); chromosome aberrations, associated with other syndromes like Van der Woude syndrome.
Environmental teratogens: Intrauterine exposure to the anticonvulsant phenytoin, alcohol, retinoic acid, maternal smoking, Rubella virus, thalidomide, aminopterin.
Maternal/intrauterine condition: Maternal diabetes mellitus and amniotic band syndrome.
Advanced paternal age
Unknown
CLASSIFICATION Prof. Balakrishnan (1975) classified cleft lip and palate according to the Indian context and divided them into three groups.
Group 1: Only cleft lip, which may be unilateral (right/ left), bilateral, or midline.
Group 2: Only cleft palate, which may be which also can be unilateral (right/left), bilateral, or submucosa.
Group 3: Includes cleft lip, alveolus, and cleft palate, which can be unilateral, bilateral, or midline. LAHSAL system for the classification of cleft lip and/or palate (2005) modified by Royal College of Surgeons Britain: LAHSAL system is a diagrammatic classification of cleft lip and palate. According to this classification, the mouth is divided into six parts. LAHSAL code indicates a complete cleft with a capital letter and an incomplete cleft with a small letter.
CLINICAL FEATURES Cleft lip: Notched vermilion border and may involve alveolar ridge.
Cleft palate: Nasal distortion, exposed nasal cavities.
Misaligned teeth.
Passage of milk through nasal passages during feeding.
Recurrent ear infection.
Speech difficulties.
Poor weight gain and failure to thrive.
DIAGNOSIS Newborn examination at birth
Palpate with a gloved finger or visual examination flashlight
In-utero ultrasonography
PROBLEMS OR COMPLICATIONS OF A CHILD WITH CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE Immediate Problems:
Feeding difficulty:
Infant with an unrepaired cleft palate will have ...
an any other group age
Poor oral hygiene among older people has traditionally been manifest in high level of tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal disease as well as xerostomia and oral cancer
1- Bone:
= Increasing age is associated with progressive reduction in bone mass resulting in osteoporosis
= atrophy of alveolar bone is related mainly to tooth loss and increase by age that resulting in:
- Absence of denture
- Loss of facial height
- Upward and forward posturing of mandible
= loss of alveolar bone occurs more rapidly in mandible than maxilla
= level of cyclo-oxygenase 2(cox2) enzyme, which play essential role in bone repair, decline dramatically with age, this explain the delayed bone healing in older age
2- T M J:
= The main age changes related to remodeling of the articular surface and disc in response to functional changes following tooth loss
= remodeling may result in disc displacement, particularly anterior displacement
= the retrodiscal tissue may show decreased vascularity and cellularity and increased density of collagen
= in severe cases displacement may lead to perforation of the disc resulting in progressive damage
3- Nerve and musculature:
= continued muscle function in a major requirement for the maintenance of speech and mastication, in all patient with advancing age, there is reduction in total muscle mass which occurs through a reduction in the number of muscle fiber rather than a major reduction in muscle fiber size
= by age there is a loss of motor unit specially over 60 age
= manifestations:
- Reduced masticatory force
- Reduce muscle strength
- Lengthening of chewing process
- Changes in chewing behavior
4- Oral mucosa:
= the clinical appearance of the oral mucosa in older patients is indistinguishable from younger one, however changes by time as:
- Mucosal trauma
- Mucosal disease
- Salivary gland hypo-function
Can alter the clinical features and character of oral tissues
= the stratified squamous epithelium become thinner, loss of elasticity and atrophies with age with increased oral disorders
5- Sensory changes:
= it is known that taste and smell sensitives changes throughout life and often decline with aging
= these changes can make the foods become tasteless resulting in reduction in appetite
= diminution of taste results from degeneration of taste buds and reduction of their total numbers
= elderly people cannot detect the pleasantness of food compared with younger people, this can lead to the older people to added more ingredients such as sugar or salts to food stuff that can lead to adverse health effect
6- Salivary glands:
Dry mouth –xerostomia and diminished salivary glands output are common in older age, some cases have decreased salivary output due to high intake of drugs as:
- Anti-depressant
- Anti-hypertensive
- Cytotoxic and anti-parkinsonism
Some cases with neck cancer may exposed to irradiation which cause:
- Severe and permanent salivary hypo-function
- Xerostomia
Some disease as: Diabe
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
25. Assess ears and hearing Assess speech and language Check development 16-24 months Check feeding and growth Repair cleft lip Check ears and hearing 1-15 months Referred to cleft lip and palate team Diagnosis and genetic counseling Address psychosocial issues Provide feeding instructions Make feeding plan Prenatal Birth-1 month Intervention Age
26. Jaw surgery, rhinoplasty as needed Orthodontic bridges implants as needed 12-21 years Orthodontic interventions Alveolar bone graft 6-11 years Assess , manage velopharyngeal insufficency Assess development and psychosocial adjustment 2-5 years
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