This document discusses clauses and phrases. It defines clauses as groups of words that contain both a subject and predicate, while phrases do not contain both. There are three types of dependent clauses: adjective clauses, which modify nouns; adverb clauses, which modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs; and noun clauses, which act as the subject, direct object, indirect object or object of a preposition in a sentence. Independent clauses can stand alone as complete sentences, while dependent clauses cannot. The document also provides examples to illustrate the different types of clauses and phrases.

1. Clauses and Phrases
Name:
Sheharyar
Roll No:
19811556-017

2. Clause
Both clauses and phrases are group of
words.But a clause contains both a subject
and a predicate.
What is predicate?
The predicate of a sentence is the part that
modifies the subject in some way. Because
the subject is the person, place, or thing that
a sentence is about, the predicate must
contain a verb explaining what the subject
does and can also include a modifier.

3. Independent clauses
Examples :
1: I swim
2:We are happy
3:We are going to store
These are all independent clauses because they stand on their own as
a sentences

4. Check for subject and Predicate in
above sentences
Subject Predicate
I Swim
We are happy
We are going to
store

5. Dependent Clauses:
They cant stand on their own or give complete meaning.
For example:
1: I swim because it makes me relaxed.
Dependent Clause
2:We are happy when we go to the beach.
Dependent Clause
3:We are going to the store so we can buy groceries.
Dependent Clause
As you can see
dependent clause
depends on an
independent clause

6. Check for subject and predicate
Subject Predicate
It Makes me
relaxed
We Go to the
beach
We Can buy
groceries
We noticed that these dependent clauses contain both subject and a predicate.

7. Three types of dependent clauses:
1: Adjective Clause
2:Adverb Clause
3:Noun Clause

8. Adjective Clause
Adjective clause is a dependent clause which acts a an adjective.
adjectives modify the noun and pronouns.
For example:
The mysterious envelope arrived onTuesday
here mysterious modifies the noun “Envelope”
We could replace the single word mysterious with group of words, an adjective
Clause.
For example
The envelope that looked mysterious arrived onTuesday.

9. Adverb Clause
Adverb modifies verbs , adjective and other adverbs.
For example:
The envelope arrived late.
Adverb clause
The envelope arrived after we had dinner.
Adverb Clause

10. Noun Clause
Noun clauses are dependent clauses that act as a noun
A noun clause can take place of a noun.
A noun can be subject of a sentence or a direct object or an indirect
object or the object of a preposition.
Examples:
1: He is brilliant.
2:Whoever thought of sea saw caramels is brilliant.
3: Pick out a gift for me.
4: Pick out a gift for whomever you wish.

11. Phrases
Phrases are groups of words that are not complete sentences
they cannot stand on their own.
Phrases don’t contain both subject and predicate.
Types of phrases:
1: Noun phrases
2: Prepositional phrases
3: Adjectival phrases
4:Verb phrases

12. Example
Noun phrases Blue water
Prepositional phrases In the closet
Adjectival phrases Quite messy
Verb phrases Am speaking(I am speaking
now)

13. Find the the dep,indep clause or a
phrase
Before we go on vacation , we have to finish all of our work.
Independent Clause
Dependent Clause
It has both subject and verb
But it can’t stand on its
Own. it has both subject and a predicate
it can stand on its own

14. THANK YOU