MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES PART-2 AGRO BASED INDSUTRIES

1. AGRO BASED INDUSTRIES
PART-2

2. TEXTILE INDUSTRY
1. Cotton Textiles.
2.Jute Textiles.
3.Sugar Industry.

3. TEXTILE INDUSTRY
 Occupies unique position in the Indian economy.
 14% contribution to Indian economy.
 Second largest employment generation after
agriculture.
 About 24.6% foreign exchange.
 Contribute 4%towards GDP.
 Only industry in the country,which is self reliant
and complete in the value chain.

4. COTTON TEXTILES
Textile industry: Cotton.
 Historical background of Cotton textiles in
India.
Processing of Cotton.
Factors affecting the location of the industry.
Challenges faced by the industries.
Recommendations.

5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
In ancient India-cotton hand spinning
After 18th century power loom came in to use
Drawback- Traditional industries not compete
with mill made cloth from England.
The first successful textile mill was established
in Mumbai in1854.

8. COTTON MILLS -TODAY
Nearly 1600 cotton human made fibre textile
mills in the country.
In Private sector -80%
In Public sector and cooperatives sector -20%

9. Favourable factors for location of
industry
 Cotton textile industry was concentrated in
the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and
Gujarat.

10. Availability of raw cotton
Market

11. TRANSPORTATION LABOUR
LABOUR
 SOIL PORT
BLACK SOIL PORT FACILITY

12. INDUSTRY LINKAGE WITH
AGRICULTURE
Providing a living to farmers,
Cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in
ginning,spinning,weaving,dyeing,designing,p
ackaging,tailoring and sewing.
Support many other industries-chemicals and
dyes,mill stores,packaging materials and
engineering works.

13. • GarmentsRaw Fibre FabricYarn
Fibre
production
Spinning
Weaving,k
nitting
Dyeing and
Finishing
Garment
manufactu
re

14. • Spinning continues to be centralised in
Maharashtra,Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.(world
class production)
• Weaving is highly decentralised to provide
scope fro incorporating traditional skills and
designs of weaving in
cotton,silk,zari.embroidery,etc.(low quality of
fabric)
• Weaving is done by handloom,powerloom
and in mills.
• Khadi provides large scale employment -
cottage industry.

15. EXPORT
• India exports yarn to Japan,USA,UK
Russia,EastEuropeCountries,Nepal,Singapore,
• Srilanka,and African countries.etc

17. CHALLENGES FACED BY THE INDUSTRY
• Power supply is erratic.
• Machinery needs to be upgraded in the
weaving
• Stiff competition with synthetic fibre industry.
• Low output of labour

18. RECOMMENDATION
• Starting up new courses like Textile
Manufacturing and Textile Technology at ITIs
is and Engineering Institutes.
• Access to high quality and cost-effective man
power.
• Liberalised labour law,tax and benefits of a
Special Economic Zone need to be
implemented.
• Excellent connectivity by road,rail,and port.

19. JUTE TEXTILES
• India is the largest producer of raw jute and
jute goods and at second place as an exporter
after Bangladesh.

20. HUGLI RIVER
• Most of the jute mills are laocated in West
Bengal along the banks of the Hugli river,in a
narrow belt(98km long and 3km wide).

21. HISTORY
The first jute mill was set up near Kolkata in
1859 at Rishra.
After partition in 1947,jute mill remained in
India but 3/4 th of the jute producing area
went to Bangladesh

22. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR LOCATION IN
THE HUGLI BASIN
I. Proximity of the jute producing areas.
II. Inexpensive water transport.
III. Supported by a good network for railways,roadways
and waterways to facilitate movement of raw
material to the mills.
IV. Abundant water for processing raw jute.
V. Cheap labour from WestBengal and adjoining states
of Bihar,Odisha andUttar pradesh.
VI. Kolkata as a large urban centre provides
banking,insurance and port facilities for exporting of
jute goods.

23. JUTE:EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
Jute industry supports 2.61 lakh workers
directly.
40 lakhs small and marginal farmers who are
engaged in cultivation of jute and mesta.

24. CHALLENGES FACED BY THE INDUSTRY
I. Stiff competition in the international market
from synthetic substitutes from other
competitors like
Bangladesh,Brazil,Philippines,Egypt and
Thailand.

25. RECOMMENDATION
I. Internal demand has been on the increase due
to Government policy of mandatory use of jute
packaging.
II. The product need to be diversified.
III. Main markets are USA,Canada,Russia,United
Arab Republic,UK and Australia.
IV. The growing global concern for environment
friendly,biodegradable mateials,has once again
opened the opportunity for jute products.

26. NATIONAL JUTE POLICY(2005)
OBJECTIVE:
I. Increasing productivity.
II. Improving quality
III.Ensuring good prices to teh jute farmers
IV.Enhancing the yield per hectare.

28. SUGAR INDUSTRY
• India stands 2nd as a world producer of sugar.
• India occupies the first place in the production
of Gur and Khandsari.

29. DISTRIBUTION
There are over 460 sugar mills in the country.
Spread over Uttar
pradesh,Bihar,Maharashtra,Karnataka,Tamil
Nadu,Andhra pradesh and Gujarath along with
Punjab,Haryana and Madhya pradesh.
60% Percentage mills are in Uttar Pradesh and
Bihar.
Seasonal in nature so ideally suited to the
cooperative sector.

30. Why there is a tendency for the mills
to shift and concentrate in the
southern and western states?
I. The cane produced here has a higher
sucrose content.
II. The cooler climate also ensures a
longer crushing season.
III.The cooperatives are more successful
in these states.

31. CHALLENGES
I. The seasonal nature of the industry.
II. OLd and inefficient methods of production.
III. Transport delay reaching cane to
factories(sucrose content decrease with
increasing distance).
IV. Need to maximise the use of baggase.