This document summarizes the activities and lessons learned from a 3-day survey camp conducted by the Civil Engineering department at GIT College in Jaipur, India. A group of 6 students led by Sumit Yadav participated in hands-on training on surveying equipment like theodolites, compass, total station, tacheometer and leveling. The group learned how to measure horizontal and vertical angles, distances, profiles and cross-sections. They thank the organizing faculty for providing this valuable opportunity to gain practical experience in surveying techniques.
3. 1. INTRODUCTION
Students from civil engineering department are participated in the camp .The
students of our batch is divided into groups to perform different task at
different places .Each day in the course there are at least 8 hours of working
in the field. A camp incharge teacher appointed a group leader for every
group. The leaders are responsible for all the works of his particular group
and the equipment.
The camp was held at Chandwaji Temple, Delhi highway, Jaipur
The camp organized for a period of 3 days (16 sep. 2018 To 18 sep. 2018).
We learnt to different task like use of total station, leveling, theodolite,
compass survey , techeometer etc. with the help of faculties . These survey
camp teaches the student for field work.
4. 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to thanks The Department of Civil Engineering GIT
COLLEGE JAIPUR, For Organizing the Survey Camp and giving us an
opportunity to learn about various processes and practice things which are
useful in survey .
We would like to thanks Mr. Prateek Sharma sir and Mr.
Mansingh Rathor sir for organizing of survey camp and taught us
various things about surveying with the help of other faculties . Mr. Tara
Chand Prajapati and Mr. .Mahipal Kuri.
In the end we would like to thanks our
H.O.D
Mrs. BHAVANA MATHUR
5. 3. THEODOLITE
OBJECT:- Measurement of horizontal angles Theodolite by method of
repetition
APPARATUS: - Theodolite, Ranging rod, tripod etc.
THEORY:-
Theodolite: The theodolite is the most accurate instrument used for
measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. It consist a telescope by
means of which distant objects can be sighted. The telescope has two distinct
motions on in the horizontal plane and the other in the vertical plane.
Horizontal & vertical angles are measured on horizontal & vertical plates
with help of verniers fitted over. Theodolite are primarily classified in two
types-
1. As transit theodolite 2. As Non-transit theodolite
6.
7. 4. COMPASS SURVEYING (PRISMTIC COMPASS)
OBJECT:- Compass Survey: Using Prismatic compass
To determine the Magnetic bearing of a line using prismatic compass.
Adjustment of included angles of compass traverse.
APPARATUS:- Prismatic compass, ranging rod , chain ,tape,
page tripod stand, small pieces of stones
THEORY:- Prismatic compass is very valuable instrument. It is usually
used for rough survey for measuring bearing and survey lines. The least
count of prismatic compass is 30 min. It consists of circular box of 10cm-12
cm dia. of non-magnetic material. Pivot is fixed at the centre of box and is
made up of hard steel with a Sharp pivot. Graduated aluminium is attached
to the needle. It is graduated in clockwise direction from 00
to 3600
.the
figures are written in inverted. Zero is written at south end and 180 at
north end and 270 at the east. Diametrically opposite are fixed to the box.
The sighting vane consists of a hinged metal frame in the centre of which is
stretched a vertical Horse hair fine silk thread of which is stretched a vertical
hair. It presses against a lifting pin which lifts the needle of the pivot and
holds it against the glass lid.
8. 5. TOTAL STATION
OBJECT:-To study of total station.
THEORY:-A total station (TS) or total station theodolite (TST) is an
electronic/optical instrument used for surveying and building construction. It
is an electronic transit theodolite integrated with electronic distance
measurement (EDM) to measure both vertical and horizontal angles and the
slope distance from the instrument to a particular point, and an on-board
computer to collect data and perform triangulation calculations.[1]
Robotic total stations allow the operator to control the instrument from a
distance via remote control. This eliminates the need for an assistant staff
member as the operator holds the retroreflector and controls the total station
from the observed point.
9.
10. 6. TACHEOMETRIC
It is a branch of surveying which deal with various measurements like
vertical distance and horizontal distance that is measured indirectly from
taking only instrumental observation.
Instruments used :- Tacheometer, Stadia Rod .
Theory:- Tacheometry is a system of rapid surveying, by which the
horizontal and vertical positions of points on the earth's surface relative to
one another are determined without using a chain or tape, or a separate
levelling instrument. Instead of the pole formerly employed to mark a point,
a staff similar to a level staff is used. This is marked with heights from the
base or foot, and is graduated according to the form of tacheometer in use.
12. 8. LEVELING
OBJECT:-To carry out Profile leveling and plot longitudinal and cross
section for road.
APPARATUS:- Dumpy level, Automatic Level, leveling staff, ranging
rod, tape etc.
THEORY:-
Profile leveling:- process of determining elevations at points at short
measured intervals along a fixed line is called Longitudinal or profile
leveling.
Cross sectioning:- It is a method of leveling to know the nature of Ground
on either side of the centerline of the proposed route. Levels are taken at
right angles to the proposed Direction of the road end at suitable distances
and leveling is carried out along this cross Section.
13. 9. CONCLUSION
We get quite experience from survey camp we enable to know how to
measure vertical and horizontal with theodolite . And also know that how to
handle instrument at field work .The work with different peoples in a good
atmosphere we develop various skills like team work ,communication skills
,leadership qualities etc. construction of the any structure we learnt about
field work the use of theodolite, compass survey, total station, techeometer
and leveling etc.were thought by:-
Mr. PRATEEK SHARMA SIR.
At last all the member of GROUP-1
Thankful of civil engineering department...