Circulatory Systems of Plants and Animals With good images for teaching Circulatory System

2. TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN
PLANTS
Plants don’t have circulatory
system in a strict sense as
animals do.
There is the upward and
downward movement of
materials that it resembles
more than a pipeline than a
circulating system.

3. Cohesion-Tension Theory

4. Pressure Flow Hypothesis

5. Circulatory System
The system of the internal transport carries
nutrients and oxygen to all the tissues of the
body, removes the waste products of
metabolism and carries hormones from
endocrine glands to their target organs.
Essential parts:
Blood Heart Blood vessels

6. Blood
Blood is a bodily fluid in
animals that delivers
necessary substances
such as nutrients and
oxygen to the cells and
transports metabolic
waste products away
from those same cells.

7. Functions of the Circulatory
System:
 Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
between respiratory organs and tissues
 Transports water and digested foods from the
digestive tract to other organs
 Transports stored food from one organ or
tissue to another as needed
 Transports organic wastes, excess minerals
and solutions to the excretory organs

8. Functions of the Circulatory
System:
 Transports hormones from the glands where
they are produced to the places where they
are utilized
 Regulates amount of acids, bases, salts and
water in cells
 Regulates body temperature
 Its white blood cells are the body’s main
defense mechanism against foreign
organisms
 Its blood clotting mechanism prevents loss of
its fluid

9. Blood Consist of:

10. Blood Plasma:

11. Erythrocytes or Red Blood Cells
 Has biconcave discs
which are 7-8 microns
in diameter
 Has a total number of
30 trillion in humans
 Its lifespan is about
120 days
 1-2 microns thick

12. Erythrocytes or Red Blood Cells
 Functions
 Transports oxygen from
the lungs to the cells of
the body
 Aids in the transport of
CO2 from tissues to the
lungs
 Prevents blood from
becoming too acidic by
removing CO2

13. Two Groups of Leukocytes:

14. Leukocytes or White Blood Cells:
 Colorless
 Presence of
nucleus
 Life-span is
about 12-13
days
 Larger than
RBC, diameter
is about 6-15 µ m

15. Leukocytes or White Blood Cells:
 Function
 Protects the
body from
infection by
phagocytosis
or by producing
substances
called antibodies that inactivate
disease-causing organism

16. Thrombocytes
 Smaller than RBC
 There are about 1
trillion in the plasma
 Life span is 8-10 days
 Initiates blood clotting

17. Thrombocytes and Blood
Clotting:

18. Clotting inside the blood vessels:

19. Factors That Affect Blood
Clotting:
 Low temperature
 Lack of calcium ions in
the blood
 Presence of bile in the
blood
 Absence of heparin, which prevents the
formation of thrombin in the blood vessels

20. Hemophilia or Bleeder’s Disease
Is a delayed clotting or failure to form the clot
resulting in hemorrhage or death.

21. Antibodies
Mary always put rat poisons in her house. She
wonder why these rats are still around. This is
because rat’s antibodies.
If a small dose of a poison is injected into the
rat, its plasma will develop antibodies that will
kill the poison.

22. Antibodies
Antibodies are protein substances
produced by lymphocytes as a result of
the presence of foreign substances
(antigen).
Antibodies are body’s
chief defense against
viruses, bacteria and
other foreign
substances.

23. Classification of Antibodies
According to Action
 Precipitins – form precipitates
 Agglutinins – cause gluing together ofr
clumping of substances
 Cytolysins – contain toxic solvent or
neutralizing agent that destroy cells they
come in contact with
 Opsonins – dissolve bacteria
 Bacteriolysins – cause the breakdown of
bacteria

24. Human Blood Groups
Blood types are directly inherited with their
specific antibodies

25. Blood Vessels
Are passages of the blood
in the body. Blood is pumped
from the heart through the
arteries which branch into finer
arteriole and finally into
capillaries where rapid
diffusion takes place between
blood and interstitial fluid. The
blood rreturns to the heart by way of the
veins.

26. Capillaries
Capillaries are the smallest of the blood vessels
and serve as the connection between the
arterial and venal systems of the cardiac
system.

27. Arteries
are blood vessels that carry blood away from
the heart. While most arteries carry oxygenated
blood, there is an exception to this,
the pulmonary artery.

28. Veins
are blood vessels that
carry blood toward
the heart. Most veins
carry deoxygenated
blood from the tissues
back to the heart;
except the pulmonary
veins, both of which
carry oxygenated
blood to the heart.

29. Diferences Between Arteries and
Veins

30. Heart
Is a muscular organ
in both humans and other
animals, which pumps blood
through the blood vessels
of the circulatory system.
Blood provides the body
with oxygen and nutrients,
and also assists in the removal
of metabolic wastes.

31. Chambers
and Valves
In the Heart

32. Sequence of Cardiac Cycle