1) In 2013, 6.3 million children under the age of 5 died from preventable causes, with 44% of deaths occurring during the neonatal period in the first month of life. 2) Sub-Saharan Africa has over 15 times higher risk of child death than developed regions, and half of under-five deaths occur in just 5 countries - India, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, and China. 3) Malnutrition contributes to 45% of under-five deaths, and measures like breastfeeding, vaccination, access to clean water and healthcare can prevent many child deaths.

1. WHO/CHILD MORTALITY
REPORT
Represent by:
Parisa Zarei shargh
Msc student of Nutrition science
Dec.2014

2.  In 2013, 6.3 million children under five died
from mostly preventable causes
Around 200 000 fewer than in 2012
 Still equal to nearly 17 000 child deaths each
day.

6.  Under-five mortality rates have dropped by 49% between 1990
and 2013.
 The average annual reduction has accelerated – in some
countries it has even tripled – but overall progress is still short
of meeting the global target of a two-thirds decrease in under-
five mortality by 2015

8. Children in sub-Saharan Africa are more than
15 times more likely to die before the age of
five than children in developed regions

9. About half of under-five deaths occur in only 5
countries:
China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, India,
Nigeria and Pakistan.
 India (21%) and Nigeria (13%) together
account for more than a third of all under-five
deaths.

10. Children are at greater risk of dying before age
five if they are born in rural areas, poor
households, or to a mother denied basic
education.

12.  44% of child deaths under the age of
five take place during the neonatal
period
Safe childbirth and effective neonatal
care are essential to prevent these
deaths
A child's risk of dying is highest in the
neonatal period, the first 28 days of life.

13. In 2013, 6.3 million children under five died
 2.8 million babies died within the first month
of life
up to one half of all deaths occur within the
first 24 hours of life
 75% occur in the first week.

14. About two-thirds of these deaths occurred in just
10 countries.
While the number of neo-natal deaths have
declined, progress has been slower than for the
overall under-five mortality rate.

15. Malnourished children (particularly acute
malnutrition) have a higher risk of death from
common childhood illness such as diarrhoea,
pneumonia, and malaria.
Nutrition-related factors contribute to
about 45% of deaths in children under five
years of age.

16. Cause of
death
Risk factors Prevention Treatment
Pneumonia,
or other
acute
respiratory
infections
1.Low birth weight
2.Malnutrition
3.Non-breastfed children
4.Overcrowded conditions
Vaccination
Adequate nutrition
Exclusive breastfeeding
Reduction of household air
pollution
Appropriate care
by a trained
health provider
Antibiotics
Oxygen for severe
illness
Childhood
diarrhoea
Non-breastfed children
Unsafe drinking water and
food
Poor hygiene practices
Malnutrition
Exclusive breastfeeding
Safe water and food
Adequate sanitation and
hygiene
Adequate nutrition
Vaccination

17. measles, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis,
pneumonia due to Haemophilius influenzae type
B and Streptococcus pneumoniae and diarrhoea
due to rotavirus, vaccines are available and can
protect children from illness and death

18. The Millennium Development Goals adopted by
the United Nations in 2000 aim to decrease child
and maternal deaths worldwide by 2015.
 The fourth Millennium Development Goal
(MDG) is to reduce the 1990 mortality rate
among under-five children by two thirds.
Child mortality is also closely linked to MDG 5
to improve maternal health.

19. Eight of the 60 countries identified as ‘high
mortality countries’ (at least 40 deaths per1000
live births) have already reached or surpassed the
MDG target (67% reduction).
 The countries are Malawi (72%), Bangladesh
(71%), Liberia (71%), Tanzania (69%), Ethiopia
(69%), Timor-Leste (68%), Niger (68%) and
Eritrea (67%)

20. “We know what to do and we know how to do
it. The challenge now is to move from plan to
action.”
Dr Flavia Bustreo, Assistant Director General at WHO.

21. Thanks for your
attention