Under 5 mortality
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under 5 mortality, most common causes for under 5 mortality, the situation in India, situation in other parts of the world and schemes by Indian government to overcome this problem
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Under five mortality and its prevention
The document discusses child and infant mortality rates globally and in India. It provides definitions for under-five mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and neonatal mortality rate. The three main causes of under-five mortality are neonatal mortality (0-4 weeks), post-neonatal mortality (1-12 months), and factors like low birth weight, prematurity, and infectious diseases. While global under-five mortality has decreased 53% from 1990-2015, Africa still has the highest rate. India accounts for 20% of global under-five deaths despite its rate decreasing 61% from 1990-2015. Preventive measures discussed include prenatal nutrition, immunizations, breastfeeding, and improved access to primary healthcare.
Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) overview
The document discusses the Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) or National Adolescent Health Programme in India. It was launched in 2014 to promote the health and well-being of adolescents aged 10-19. The program aims to improve nutrition, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, prevent injuries and violence, address substance misuse, and conditions for non-communicable diseases. It utilizes community-based interventions like peer education, adolescent health days, and iron supplementation, as well as facility-based adolescent friendly health clinics. The program also focuses on convergence between the health sector and other departments to promote adolescent health.
Imr
Infant mortality in India has decreased significantly from 204 per 1000 live births in 1911-1915 to 41 per 1000 live births in 2012. However, rates still vary greatly between states, with Madhya Pradesh having an IMR of 56 and Kerala only 12. Biological factors like low birth weight, young or older maternal age, high fertility, and cultural factors like breastfeeding practices, maternal education, and access to healthcare impact infant mortality rates. Preventive measures include improving prenatal nutrition and sanitation, promoting breastfeeding and growth monitoring, increasing access to primary healthcare and education, and encouraging family planning.
Anemia Mukt Bharat - 6x6x6 strategy
The document discusses India's efforts to address anemia through the Anemia Mukt Bharat initiative. It aims to reduce anemia prevalence by 3% annually among key groups through a 6x6 strategy involving 6 beneficiaries, 6 interventions, and 6 institutional mechanisms. The interventions include iron supplementation, deworming, nutrition education, treating anemia, promoting fortified foods, and addressing non-nutritional causes. Coordination between ministries and digital tools are expected to help achieve the initiative's targets.
Infant Mortality Rate, perinatal mortality
This document discusses infant and perinatal mortality. It defines key terms like live birth, fetal death, stillbirth and provides current global and national magnitudes for perinatal mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate and infant mortality rate. The major causes of infant and perinatal deaths are discussed along with the various determinants. Prevention strategies are highlighted including improvements to antenatal, natal and postnatal care. Investigation of infant deaths and methods for surveying to estimate infant mortality rate are also summarized.
National health programmes related to child health
National health programs are one of the measures taken by the government of India to improve the health status of the people.National health Programs useful to controlling or eradicating diseases which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in India
which are either centrally sponsored
MCH Care Indicators
Important maternal and child health parameters to evaluate quality care for the special group. Includes MMR, IMR, SBR, PMR, NMR, PNMR, U5MR. Practical class for UG 4th sem
BFHI- update
The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was launched globally in 1991 by WHO and UNICEF to promote breastfeeding and adopted 10 steps to support breastfeeding in hospitals, with over 152 countries now implementing the initiative. India established a national task force in 1992 to improve breastfeeding practices in hospitals and certify them as "Baby-Friendly" if they follow the 10 steps. The initiative has been shown to increase exclusive breastfeeding rates for the first six months.
Recommended
Under five mortality and its prevention
The document discusses child and infant mortality rates globally and in India. It provides definitions for under-five mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and neonatal mortality rate. The three main causes of under-five mortality are neonatal mortality (0-4 weeks), post-neonatal mortality (1-12 months), and factors like low birth weight, prematurity, and infectious diseases. While global under-five mortality has decreased 53% from 1990-2015, Africa still has the highest rate. India accounts for 20% of global under-five deaths despite its rate decreasing 61% from 1990-2015. Preventive measures discussed include prenatal nutrition, immunizations, breastfeeding, and improved access to primary healthcare.
Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) overview
The document discusses the Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) or National Adolescent Health Programme in India. It was launched in 2014 to promote the health and well-being of adolescents aged 10-19. The program aims to improve nutrition, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, prevent injuries and violence, address substance misuse, and conditions for non-communicable diseases. It utilizes community-based interventions like peer education, adolescent health days, and iron supplementation, as well as facility-based adolescent friendly health clinics. The program also focuses on convergence between the health sector and other departments to promote adolescent health.
Imr
Infant mortality in India has decreased significantly from 204 per 1000 live births in 1911-1915 to 41 per 1000 live births in 2012. However, rates still vary greatly between states, with Madhya Pradesh having an IMR of 56 and Kerala only 12. Biological factors like low birth weight, young or older maternal age, high fertility, and cultural factors like breastfeeding practices, maternal education, and access to healthcare impact infant mortality rates. Preventive measures include improving prenatal nutrition and sanitation, promoting breastfeeding and growth monitoring, increasing access to primary healthcare and education, and encouraging family planning.
Anemia Mukt Bharat - 6x6x6 strategy
The document discusses India's efforts to address anemia through the Anemia Mukt Bharat initiative. It aims to reduce anemia prevalence by 3% annually among key groups through a 6x6 strategy involving 6 beneficiaries, 6 interventions, and 6 institutional mechanisms. The interventions include iron supplementation, deworming, nutrition education, treating anemia, promoting fortified foods, and addressing non-nutritional causes. Coordination between ministries and digital tools are expected to help achieve the initiative's targets.
Infant Mortality Rate, perinatal mortality
This document discusses infant and perinatal mortality. It defines key terms like live birth, fetal death, stillbirth and provides current global and national magnitudes for perinatal mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate and infant mortality rate. The major causes of infant and perinatal deaths are discussed along with the various determinants. Prevention strategies are highlighted including improvements to antenatal, natal and postnatal care. Investigation of infant deaths and methods for surveying to estimate infant mortality rate are also summarized.
National health programmes related to child health
National health programs are one of the measures taken by the government of India to improve the health status of the people.National health Programs useful to controlling or eradicating diseases which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in India
which are either centrally sponsored
MCH Care Indicators
Important maternal and child health parameters to evaluate quality care for the special group. Includes MMR, IMR, SBR, PMR, NMR, PNMR, U5MR. Practical class for UG 4th sem
BFHI- update
The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was launched globally in 1991 by WHO and UNICEF to promote breastfeeding and adopted 10 steps to support breastfeeding in hospitals, with over 152 countries now implementing the initiative. India established a national task force in 1992 to improve breastfeeding practices in hospitals and certify them as "Baby-Friendly" if they follow the 10 steps. The initiative has been shown to increase exclusive breastfeeding rates for the first six months.
Janani suraksha yojana
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) program was launched in 2005 as a replacement for the National Maternity Benefit Scheme with the objectives of reducing maternal and infant mortality rates by encouraging institutional deliveries. It provides cash assistance integrated with antenatal and postnatal care, targeting women below the poverty line in both rural and urban areas. The cash benefits provided vary between low and high performing states. The Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) was introduced in 2011 to provide cashless delivery and newborn care services.
Adolescent health and national health programmes
The document discusses several national health programs in India that address adolescent health issues. It describes programs like RKSK that focus on improving nutrition, sexual and reproductive health, and preventing injuries among adolescents. It also outlines other schemes for adolescent girls such as Kishori Shakti Yojana and Nutrition Program for Adolescent Girls that aim to enhance their health, education, and empowerment. The document provides details on services covered under these programs, including weekly iron supplementation, health clinics, peer education, and life skills training.
Vitamin a prophylaxis
This document discusses vitamin A deficiency, its causes, effects, and prevention through supplementation programs in India. It notes that vitamin A is essential for vision, immunity, growth and reproduction. Deficiency can lead to increased infections and blindness in children. India has a high prevalence of deficiency, especially in preschoolers and pregnant women. The national prophylaxis program aims to prevent blindness through supplementation of vitamin A to children from 9 months to 5 years at doses of 100,000 IU every 6 months. Food fortification and dietary diversification can also help prevent deficiency. Regular supplementation is important as vitamin A stores deplete within 4-6 months.
Rashtriya bal swasthya karyakram (rbsk)
Launched by the ministry of health & family welfare, government of India, under the national health mission.
It envisages Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services
Jsy (Janani Suraksha Yojana)
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) program was launched in 2005 to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates and promote institutional deliveries among poor pregnant women. The program provides cash assistance for deliveries that take place in health centers. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) play a key role in identifying and assisting pregnant women under the program. They are responsible for registration, ensuring antenatal checkups, arranging delivery in health centers, postnatal checks, and newborn immunization. Cash assistance amounts vary between rural and urban areas and low and high performing states. Over 100 million women have benefited from the program since its inception.
Rmnch+a
RMNCH+A approach has been launched in 2013 and it essentially looks to address the major causes of mortality among women and children as well as the delays in accessing and utilizing health care and services. The RMNCH+A strategic approach has been developed to provide an understanding of ‘continuum of care’ to ensure equal focus on various life stages.
The RMNCH+A appropriately directs the States to focus their efforts on the most vulnerable population and disadvantaged groups in the country. It also emphasizes on the need to reinforce efforts in those poor performing districts that have already been identified as the high focus districts.
CB-IMNCI Program in Nepal
The CB-IMNCI program in Nepal aims to improve newborn and child survival through integrated management of neonatal and childhood illnesses in communities. It was established in 2015 by merging the CB-IMCI and CB-NCP programs. The CB-IMNCI program trains frontline health workers and volunteers to provide essential newborn care, manage childhood illnesses like pneumonia and diarrhea, and make timely referrals. It aims to reduce under-five mortality and neonatal mortality by expanding services to 90% of the population by 2020. Monitoring indicators include institutional delivery rates, newborn care practices, and treatment of childhood illnesses.
UNICEF: GOBI FFF Program
UNICEF established the GOBI-FFF program to save children's lives in developing countries. The program focuses on (1) Growth monitoring, (2) Oral rehydration, (3) Breastfeeding, (4) Immunization, (5) Female education, (6) Food supplementation, and (7) Family planning. These relatively simple and inexpensive interventions can save up to 20,000 children's lives per day by preventing malnutrition, diarrhea, and other diseases that often kill young children in developing nations. UNICEF has used the GOBI-FFF program for over 40 years to improve child and maternal health around the world.
IMNCI
The document discusses India's adoption of the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) strategy. IMNCI aims to reduce mortality, illness, and disability in children under 5 by improving case management skills, health systems, and family/community health practices. It standardizes the assessment and treatment of common pediatric problems in children under 2 months and 2 months to 5 years. The integrated approach has advantages like speeding treatment, recognizing serious conditions, involving parents, cost-effectiveness, and reducing resource duplication.
Arsh programme
The document provides information on adolescent health programs in India. It begins with introducing adolescence and defining the age groups. It then discusses why adolescent health is important in order to reduce disease burden and mortality. Some key health issues faced by adolescents are malnutrition, mental health problems, early and unprotected sex.
The document outlines two main adolescent health programs in India - ARSH (Adolescent Reproductive and Sexual Health) and RMNCH+A (Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health). ARSH aims to address issues like teenage pregnancies, STIs, HIV, and maternal deaths. RMNCH+A is a comprehensive strategy that takes a continuum of care approach to
Jannai Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK)
The document introduces the Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) program launched in India in 2011. JSSK aims to provide totally free maternity services and newborn care up to 30 days in all government institutions, regardless of financial status. This includes free delivery, C-sections, drugs, diagnostics, blood, transport, and diet for pregnant women and sick newborns. JSSK was launched to reduce India's high maternal and infant mortality rates and increase access to healthcare for pregnant women and newborns. The document outlines the goals, entitlements, implementation process, and monitoring of the JSSK program across states in India.
Acute respiratory tract infection control programme IMNCI pneumonia Dr GRK
The document provides guidelines for classifying and treating acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children under 5 years old. It outlines signs and symptoms of different severity levels of pneumonia, including cough or cold, pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and very severe disease. Conditions are classified based on respiratory rate, chest indrawing, difficulty breathing, and other danger signs. Treatments range from symptomatic relief at home to hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics for severe or very severe cases.
Family planning
At the end of this session, you will be able to
1. Describe the delivery of family planning services at various levels of health care delivery
2. Define unmet need of contraception and enumerate it’s reasons
3. List the various evaluations done on family planning services
Apgar score care of newborn ppt
The APGAR score is a system used to assess newborns one and five minutes after birth. It evaluates the baby's activity, pulse, grimace, appearance, and respiration on a scale of 0-2 for each category. A score of 7-10 is considered normal, 4-6 moderately abnormal, and 0-3 concerning as it requires increased intervention. The APGAR score provides a quick way for medical staff to communicate the condition of the newborn and determine if additional care is needed.
Roles and responsibility of ASHA
ASHA is the key component of the national health mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist.
Poshan abhiyaan
Poshan Abhiyaan is India's comprehensive nutrition mission launched in 2018 with the goal of reducing malnutrition by 2022 through a multi-sectoral approach. It aims to improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers by strengthening delivery of various nutrition-related services and ensuring better convergence between schemes. Key strategies include improving infant and young child feeding practices, immunization, institutional delivery, water and sanitation, and introducing real-time monitoring and incentives to encourage states to meet nutritional targets.
IMNCI - Intregrated Management of Neonatal and childhood illness
IMNCI is an integrated approach to child health that focuses on the major causes of child mortality for children aged 1 week to 5 years. It assesses children's nutritional status, illness symptoms, and provides clinical classifications and home or facility-based treatment recommendations. The goal is to reduce child mortality by training health workers to properly examine, classify, counsel and treat children according to the IMNCI guidelines.
Integrated child Development services scheme
The document discusses India's Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program. It provides an overview of the objectives, beneficiaries, services, funding, and implementation structure of ICDS. The key points are:
1) ICDS aims to improve child health, nutrition, and development for children under 6 years old. It provides supplementary nutrition, immunizations, health checkups, and non-formal education.
2) ICDS beneficiaries include children under 6, pregnant and lactating mothers, and adolescent girls. Services are provided through Anganwadi centers run by frontline workers.
3) The program is jointly funded by central and state governments. Implementation involves Anganwadi workers, supervisors,
Rbsk
Richa Nyodu presented on the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) program in India, which aims to screen children from birth to 18 years for developmental delays, diseases, deficiencies, and defects. The program was launched nationally in 2013 to improve early detection and management of health issues in children. Key aspects of RBSK include screening camps at Anganwadi centers by mobile health teams; identification of 30 common conditions; referral services for cases needing further care; and implementation through community health workers, block program managers, and state-level committees. The goals are to improve quality of life for children by halting conditions early and creating data to better plan health programs.
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest Guidelines
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest GuidelinesDepartment of Health & Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal
Every pregnancy is special and every pregnant woman must receive special care.The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) is being introduced to ensure quality Antenatal to over 3 crore pregnant women in the country.
Under the campaign, a minimum package of antenatal care services would be provided to the beneficiaries on the 9th day of every month at the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Clinics to ensure that every pregnant woman receives at least one checkup in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Child health
Children are vulnerable to malnutrition and infectious diseases that can often be prevented or treated. The document discusses global and national statistics on infant mortality rates and the leading causes of child death. It outlines India's national child health programs since the 1950s that aim to reduce infant and child mortality rates by focusing on interventions like immunization, diarrhea treatment, and prenatal care. Key initiatives include the Universal Immunization Program, Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program, Reproductive and Child Health Program, and strategies to provide vitamin A supplementation and manage neonatal and childhood illnesses. The goal is to achieve significant reductions in infant, neonatal, and child mortality rates.
Universal Immunization Program
Universal Immunization Program is a vaccination program launched by the Government of India in 1985.
It became a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program in 1992 and is currently one of the key areas under National Rural Health Mission(NRHM) since 2005.
Program consists of vaccination for 12 diseases -
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetanus,
Poliomyelitis,
Measles,
Hepatitis B,
Diarrhea,
Japanese-Encephalitis,
Rubella,
Pneumonia
Pneumococcal diseases
More Related Content
What's hot
Janani suraksha yojana
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) program was launched in 2005 as a replacement for the National Maternity Benefit Scheme with the objectives of reducing maternal and infant mortality rates by encouraging institutional deliveries. It provides cash assistance integrated with antenatal and postnatal care, targeting women below the poverty line in both rural and urban areas. The cash benefits provided vary between low and high performing states. The Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) was introduced in 2011 to provide cashless delivery and newborn care services.
Adolescent health and national health programmes
The document discusses several national health programs in India that address adolescent health issues. It describes programs like RKSK that focus on improving nutrition, sexual and reproductive health, and preventing injuries among adolescents. It also outlines other schemes for adolescent girls such as Kishori Shakti Yojana and Nutrition Program for Adolescent Girls that aim to enhance their health, education, and empowerment. The document provides details on services covered under these programs, including weekly iron supplementation, health clinics, peer education, and life skills training.
Vitamin a prophylaxis
This document discusses vitamin A deficiency, its causes, effects, and prevention through supplementation programs in India. It notes that vitamin A is essential for vision, immunity, growth and reproduction. Deficiency can lead to increased infections and blindness in children. India has a high prevalence of deficiency, especially in preschoolers and pregnant women. The national prophylaxis program aims to prevent blindness through supplementation of vitamin A to children from 9 months to 5 years at doses of 100,000 IU every 6 months. Food fortification and dietary diversification can also help prevent deficiency. Regular supplementation is important as vitamin A stores deplete within 4-6 months.
Rashtriya bal swasthya karyakram (rbsk)
Launched by the ministry of health & family welfare, government of India, under the national health mission.
It envisages Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services
Jsy (Janani Suraksha Yojana)
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) program was launched in 2005 to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates and promote institutional deliveries among poor pregnant women. The program provides cash assistance for deliveries that take place in health centers. Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) play a key role in identifying and assisting pregnant women under the program. They are responsible for registration, ensuring antenatal checkups, arranging delivery in health centers, postnatal checks, and newborn immunization. Cash assistance amounts vary between rural and urban areas and low and high performing states. Over 100 million women have benefited from the program since its inception.
Rmnch+a
RMNCH+A approach has been launched in 2013 and it essentially looks to address the major causes of mortality among women and children as well as the delays in accessing and utilizing health care and services. The RMNCH+A strategic approach has been developed to provide an understanding of ‘continuum of care’ to ensure equal focus on various life stages.
The RMNCH+A appropriately directs the States to focus their efforts on the most vulnerable population and disadvantaged groups in the country. It also emphasizes on the need to reinforce efforts in those poor performing districts that have already been identified as the high focus districts.
CB-IMNCI Program in Nepal
The CB-IMNCI program in Nepal aims to improve newborn and child survival through integrated management of neonatal and childhood illnesses in communities. It was established in 2015 by merging the CB-IMCI and CB-NCP programs. The CB-IMNCI program trains frontline health workers and volunteers to provide essential newborn care, manage childhood illnesses like pneumonia and diarrhea, and make timely referrals. It aims to reduce under-five mortality and neonatal mortality by expanding services to 90% of the population by 2020. Monitoring indicators include institutional delivery rates, newborn care practices, and treatment of childhood illnesses.
UNICEF: GOBI FFF Program
UNICEF established the GOBI-FFF program to save children's lives in developing countries. The program focuses on (1) Growth monitoring, (2) Oral rehydration, (3) Breastfeeding, (4) Immunization, (5) Female education, (6) Food supplementation, and (7) Family planning. These relatively simple and inexpensive interventions can save up to 20,000 children's lives per day by preventing malnutrition, diarrhea, and other diseases that often kill young children in developing nations. UNICEF has used the GOBI-FFF program for over 40 years to improve child and maternal health around the world.
IMNCI
The document discusses India's adoption of the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) strategy. IMNCI aims to reduce mortality, illness, and disability in children under 5 by improving case management skills, health systems, and family/community health practices. It standardizes the assessment and treatment of common pediatric problems in children under 2 months and 2 months to 5 years. The integrated approach has advantages like speeding treatment, recognizing serious conditions, involving parents, cost-effectiveness, and reducing resource duplication.
Arsh programme
The document provides information on adolescent health programs in India. It begins with introducing adolescence and defining the age groups. It then discusses why adolescent health is important in order to reduce disease burden and mortality. Some key health issues faced by adolescents are malnutrition, mental health problems, early and unprotected sex.
The document outlines two main adolescent health programs in India - ARSH (Adolescent Reproductive and Sexual Health) and RMNCH+A (Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health). ARSH aims to address issues like teenage pregnancies, STIs, HIV, and maternal deaths. RMNCH+A is a comprehensive strategy that takes a continuum of care approach to
Jannai Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK)
The document introduces the Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) program launched in India in 2011. JSSK aims to provide totally free maternity services and newborn care up to 30 days in all government institutions, regardless of financial status. This includes free delivery, C-sections, drugs, diagnostics, blood, transport, and diet for pregnant women and sick newborns. JSSK was launched to reduce India's high maternal and infant mortality rates and increase access to healthcare for pregnant women and newborns. The document outlines the goals, entitlements, implementation process, and monitoring of the JSSK program across states in India.
Acute respiratory tract infection control programme IMNCI pneumonia Dr GRK
The document provides guidelines for classifying and treating acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children under 5 years old. It outlines signs and symptoms of different severity levels of pneumonia, including cough or cold, pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and very severe disease. Conditions are classified based on respiratory rate, chest indrawing, difficulty breathing, and other danger signs. Treatments range from symptomatic relief at home to hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics for severe or very severe cases.
Family planning
At the end of this session, you will be able to
1. Describe the delivery of family planning services at various levels of health care delivery
2. Define unmet need of contraception and enumerate it’s reasons
3. List the various evaluations done on family planning services
Apgar score care of newborn ppt
The APGAR score is a system used to assess newborns one and five minutes after birth. It evaluates the baby's activity, pulse, grimace, appearance, and respiration on a scale of 0-2 for each category. A score of 7-10 is considered normal, 4-6 moderately abnormal, and 0-3 concerning as it requires increased intervention. The APGAR score provides a quick way for medical staff to communicate the condition of the newborn and determine if additional care is needed.
Roles and responsibility of ASHA
ASHA is the key component of the national health mission is to provide every village in the country with a trained female community health activist.
Poshan abhiyaan
Poshan Abhiyaan is India's comprehensive nutrition mission launched in 2018 with the goal of reducing malnutrition by 2022 through a multi-sectoral approach. It aims to improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers by strengthening delivery of various nutrition-related services and ensuring better convergence between schemes. Key strategies include improving infant and young child feeding practices, immunization, institutional delivery, water and sanitation, and introducing real-time monitoring and incentives to encourage states to meet nutritional targets.
IMNCI - Intregrated Management of Neonatal and childhood illness
IMNCI is an integrated approach to child health that focuses on the major causes of child mortality for children aged 1 week to 5 years. It assesses children's nutritional status, illness symptoms, and provides clinical classifications and home or facility-based treatment recommendations. The goal is to reduce child mortality by training health workers to properly examine, classify, counsel and treat children according to the IMNCI guidelines.
Integrated child Development services scheme
The document discusses India's Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program. It provides an overview of the objectives, beneficiaries, services, funding, and implementation structure of ICDS. The key points are:
1) ICDS aims to improve child health, nutrition, and development for children under 6 years old. It provides supplementary nutrition, immunizations, health checkups, and non-formal education.
2) ICDS beneficiaries include children under 6, pregnant and lactating mothers, and adolescent girls. Services are provided through Anganwadi centers run by frontline workers.
3) The program is jointly funded by central and state governments. Implementation involves Anganwadi workers, supervisors,
Rbsk
Richa Nyodu presented on the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) program in India, which aims to screen children from birth to 18 years for developmental delays, diseases, deficiencies, and defects. The program was launched nationally in 2013 to improve early detection and management of health issues in children. Key aspects of RBSK include screening camps at Anganwadi centers by mobile health teams; identification of 30 common conditions; referral services for cases needing further care; and implementation through community health workers, block program managers, and state-level committees. The goals are to improve quality of life for children by halting conditions early and creating data to better plan health programs.
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest Guidelines
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest GuidelinesDepartment of Health & Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal
Every pregnancy is special and every pregnant woman must receive special care.The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) is being introduced to ensure quality Antenatal to over 3 crore pregnant women in the country.
Under the campaign, a minimum package of antenatal care services would be provided to the beneficiaries on the 9th day of every month at the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Clinics to ensure that every pregnant woman receives at least one checkup in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. What's hot (20)
Acute respiratory tract infection control programme IMNCI pneumonia Dr GRK
Acute respiratory tract infection control programme IMNCI pneumonia Dr GRK
IMNCI - Intregrated Management of Neonatal and childhood illness
IMNCI - Intregrated Management of Neonatal and childhood illness
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest Guidelines
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Latest Guidelines
Similar to Under 5 mortality
Child health
Children are vulnerable to malnutrition and infectious diseases that can often be prevented or treated. The document discusses global and national statistics on infant mortality rates and the leading causes of child death. It outlines India's national child health programs since the 1950s that aim to reduce infant and child mortality rates by focusing on interventions like immunization, diarrhea treatment, and prenatal care. Key initiatives include the Universal Immunization Program, Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program, Reproductive and Child Health Program, and strategies to provide vitamin A supplementation and manage neonatal and childhood illnesses. The goal is to achieve significant reductions in infant, neonatal, and child mortality rates.
Universal Immunization Program
Universal Immunization Program is a vaccination program launched by the Government of India in 1985.
It became a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program in 1992 and is currently one of the key areas under National Rural Health Mission(NRHM) since 2005.
Program consists of vaccination for 12 diseases -
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetanus,
Poliomyelitis,
Measles,
Hepatitis B,
Diarrhea,
Japanese-Encephalitis,
Rubella,
Pneumonia
Pneumococcal diseases
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This document discusses maternal and perinatal mortality in Botswana. It defines key terms like maternal mortality ratio and perinatal mortality. It provides Botswana's current maternal mortality ratio and trends in neonatal mortality rate. The major causes of maternal and perinatal deaths are discussed, such as hemorrhage, infection, hypertension, and obstructed labor for maternal deaths. Interventions to reduce mortality are also outlined.
Importance of immunization
The Extended Program on Immunization (EPI) aims to reduce illness, disability, and mortality from 8 childhood diseases through immunization: polio, neonatal tetanus, measles, diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis B, Hib pneumonia/meningitis, and tuberculosis. EPI provides safe and effective vaccines for these diseases, which currently cause millions of cases and deaths annually. The program's goals are to immunize over 95% of infants and pregnant women, eliminating diseases like neonatal tetanus and reducing mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases by 2/3 compared to 2000. EPI has been implemented in Pakistan since 1978 through routine immunization, supplemental immunization activities, disease surveillance, and
AAP_UNICEF_Neonatal_Sepsis.pptx
Neonatal infections and sepsis remain significant causes of neonatal mortality worldwide. Prevention through maternal immunization, breastfeeding promotion, hygiene practices and education can reduce incidence. Treatment requires prompt empiric antibiotics guided by local resistance patterns. Antibiotic stewardship including optimized dosing, duration and diagnostics like biomarkers can improve outcomes while minimizing resistance. Public awareness, access to care and recognition of danger signs are also important to address this leading killer of young infants.
Lectures note on reproductive health: parte one -Neonatal and Child Health
This document discusses child health problems and services in Ethiopia. It begins by defining newborns, children, and child health. It then outlines the major causes of child mortality globally and in Ethiopia, including preterm birth, pneumonia, diarrhea, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS, and lack of access to vaccination. It also discusses risk factors like low birth weight, environmental impacts like water and sanitation, and poverty. The document concludes by outlining Ethiopia's national strategy to reduce under-5 mortality and infant mortality by 2020 through improved newborn and child health services focused on equity, community engagement, and evidence-based interventions.
Neonatal health
The document discusses neonatal and child health care. It provides statistics on infant mortality rates globally and in different regions. Almost two-thirds of infant deaths occur in the first month of life, and among those two-thirds die in the first week. The leading causes of neonatal death are preterm birth, severe infections like sepsis and pneumonia, and birth asphyxia. Reducing neonatal mortality is important to achieving Millennium Development Goals around reducing child mortality. The document outlines efforts to prioritize and improve newborn health.
Safe Motherhood 2018
Dr. Poly Begum discusses strategies to reduce maternal mortality in Bangladesh, which include expanding training of midwives. Bangladesh aims to train 3,000 midwives by 2015 to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Doubling the percentage of births attended by skilled health workers is a key goal. Strengthening emergency obstetric care through upgrading facilities and ensuring round-the-clock midwifery services are also part of the strategy. Cooperation across all sectors is needed to further reduce Bangladesh's maternal mortality ratio.
CHILD_IMMUNIZATION_IN_INDIA_-final_word_doc
This document discusses child immunization in India. It contains an introduction to immunization programs in India, analysis of immunization data from various states, and factors affecting full vaccination coverage. The analysis examines the relationship between immunization rates and infant/child mortality across states over multiple surveys. Regression models find that full vaccination is correlated with lower child mortality and influenced by factors like sanitation, malnutrition, education, and spending on health. The document concludes immunization has improved but full coverage remains low in some states due to lack of access and social inequities.
INAP Indian Newborn Action Plan.pptx
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Indian Newborn Action Plan (INAP). It was launched in 2012 to accelerate the reduction of preventable newborn deaths and stillbirths in India by 2030. The goals are to achieve single digit neonatal and stillbirth rates by 2030. It discusses the current trends showing geographical and rural-urban differences. The major causes of neonatal deaths are also provided. The document then describes the 6 strategic intervention packages of INAP covering preconception to postnatal newborn care. It highlights targets and principles of integration, equity and quality. Monitoring and evaluation are important components to track progress of the plan.
Childhood Mortality and Morbidity Presentation Slide.ppt
Childhood mortality and morbidity are sobering topics that demand our attention and action. In this enlightening video, we delve into the intricacies of childhood health, exploring the heartbreaking realities of young lives lost and the ongoing challenges faced by millions worldwide.
Join us as we examine the root causes behind childhood mortality, ranging from preventable diseases and inadequate healthcare access to socio-economic disparities and environmental factors. Through insightful analysis and compelling statistics, we highlight the staggering toll these issues take on families and communities, particularly in underserved regions.
Moreover, we shed light on the enduring impact of childhood morbidity, which extends far beyond physical health. From developmental delays and disabilities to psychological trauma, the repercussions of illness and injury during childhood can be profound and enduring.
But amidst the grim realities, there is hope. We showcase the remarkable efforts of healthcare professionals, activists, and organizations dedicated to saving young lives and improving child well-being. From vaccination campaigns and maternal health initiatives to educational programs and community interventions, we explore the innovative strategies making a difference on the ground.
Through poignant stories and expert interviews, we emphasize the urgent need for collective action to address childhood mortality and morbidity. Whether it's advocating for equitable healthcare systems, investing in early childhood development, or promoting public health awareness, every individual has a role to play in safeguarding the future of our children.
Mdg 4
This document discusses progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) of reducing child mortality. While overall progress has been made, neonatal mortality rates have declined more slowly. Simple, low-cost interventions like kangaroo mother care, neonatal resuscitation, and breastfeeding can significantly reduce neonatal deaths. However, implementation faces barriers like lack of healthcare workers, cultural practices, financial barriers to care, and poor quality of services. Political will is needed to fully achieve MDG4 targets through strengthened health systems and addressing inequities between regions.
Child survival strategies 2019
The document discusses strategies for improving child survival, with a focus on children under 5 years old. It defines key terms and outlines the Sustainable Development Goals' targets for reducing child mortality. The major causes of under-5 deaths are preventable conditions like pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria. Interventions discussed include integrated management of childhood illness, immunization, breastfeeding promotion, vitamin A supplementation, insecticide-treated nets, skilled birth attendance, and growth monitoring. The document also provides country-specific child mortality data for Kenya and guidelines on pediatric HIV treatment.
Trends in Newborn Care in India
1) India accounts for 27.8% of global newborn mortality, with 0.88 million neonatal deaths annually. Half of deaths occur in the first week, and 39.3% occur on the first day of life.
2) Major programs and policies introduced in India to reduce newborn mortality include the Child Survival and Safe Motherhood program in 1992, National Maternity Benefit Scheme in 1995, Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses in 2004, and Home-Based Newborn Care implemented nationwide in 2011.
3) Home-Based Newborn Care involves community health workers making home visits on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 21st, 28th and 42nd day
Introduction of Neonatal Nursing.ppt
This document provides an overview of neonatal nursing. It begins by defining neonatal nursing as nursing care for newborn infants up to 28 days after birth, typically in a Newborn Intensive Care Unit. Neonatal nursing requires high skill and dedication as nurses care for infants with a range of health issues. The document then discusses the global burden of neonatal mortality, with most deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia specifically, about 81,000 babies die each year in the first month of life. The document concludes by outlining several initiatives by the Ethiopian Ministry of Health to strengthen newborn care, such as community-based newborn care and establishing multiple levels of neonatal intensive care units.
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Lectures note on reproductive health: parte one -Neonatal and Child Health
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The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
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2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
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Under 5 mortality
- 2. By- Sneha A (MBBS UG)
- 3. 5.9million children under age five died in 2015, 16 000 every day. Mortality rate in 2015- 43 deaths per 1000 live births. Mortality rate of India in 2015 - 48 deaths per 1000 live births. The Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDGs) proposes all countries to aim to reduce under-five mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1000 live births.
- 4. 44% of all under-5-deaths are in neonatal period38% (1/3rd) caused by infectious conditions
- 7. • 1.7m (23% of world total) U5 children died in 2010 • 51% deaths occurred in first month • Major causes: – pneumonia – prematurity – diarrhea
- 8. Most child deaths are avoidable Top causes can be avoided with effective and widely practicable interventions: Prenatal care Skilled delivery Emergency obstetric care Newborn care and postnatal care Oral antibiotics Pneumonia and diarrhea treatment Immunization, especially newer antigens (Hib, pneumococcus, rotavirus) at ages 1-59 months
- 9. MDG and SDG Expanded program of immunization (1974) Baby friendly hospital initiatives (1993) Integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI) strategy. Every newborn action plan.
- 11. Global under-five mortality rate has decreased by 53%, from an estimated rate of 91 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 43 deaths per 1000 live births in 2015. Currently, 79 countries have an under-five mortality rate above 25, and 47 of them will not meet the proposed SDG target of less than 25 deaths per 1000 live births by 2030 if they continue their current trends in reducing under- five mortality. India is one of those 47 countries.
- 12. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- About 6 million children diie every year even before they get to celebrate their 5th birth day. That’s a grin scenario indeen in a world we where boost about all the advancements science and medicin has made and the figurs compell u to concider the question as to what could be the cause of this.
- More than 50% of under 5 deaths are attributed to undernutrition