Child labour is prevalent in Nepal, with over 13% of children only working and not attending school. Agriculture, brick kilns, carpets, and domestic work are major industries employing child labour. Poverty and gender inequality are primary drivers, as families rely on children's income and girls are expected to do domestic chores. This deprives children of education and health, and hinders Nepal's long term economic development. Responses include organizations working to strengthen protections, increase inspections, and promote education to reduce child labour.

1. Child Labour In Nepal
Prepared By: Masud Alam Ansari Regd:11716156

2. Table of Contents
•Introduction
•Facts and Figures On Child Work
•Industries Using Child Labour
•Causes Of Child Labour
•Impact Of Child Labour
•Responses
•Achievements

3. Introduction
•Child labour is defined as "work that deprives(damage) children of
their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to
physical and mental development”(ILO).
OR
•The employment of children in an industry or business, especially
when illegal .

4. Facts and Figures on ChildWork
•The incidence of child labour in Nepal is relatively high compared
with other countries in South Asia. According to the Nepal Labour
Force Survey (NLFS) in 2018.
-86.2% of children who were working were also studying.
-13.8% of the children were working only.
-60.5% worked up to 19 hours in a week.
-32.2% worked 20 to 40 hours in a week.
-7.3% worked for more than 40 hours in a week.

5. Industries Using Child Labour
•Agriculture.
78% of children working in the agricultural sector are engaged in
farming. the majority of children in the labour force work in the
agricultural field children aged 6–15 years old spend 9 hours a week
working in the agriculture industry.
The agricultural sector is very dangerous for children, due to their
exposure to harmful chemicals and dangerous weather conditions.

6. Cont…..

7. •Brick Kiln
-Nepal’s brick kilns traditionally have used child laborers, with
children assisting their parents, working long hours and neglecting
their education.
The Government of Nepal has identified more than 25000 bonded
child laborers are working in brick kilns Some children were molding
or carrying bricks.

8. •Carpet Industry
The carpet industry is one of the major sources of income in Nepal
and children are seen as the inexpensive labour force behind it. In
Nepal, about 1,800 children under 14 years old are employed by the
carpet industry.
162 Nepali children in the study spent more than six hours a day
working in the carpet industry.

9. •Domestic Labour
Domestic labour for children in Nepal includes childcare, cooking,
shopping, fetching water, and cleaning. Some children, usually young
girls, are forced into domestic labour due to human trafficking.
In one week children ages 6–15 spend 4.3 hours doing domestic
work. Girls typically have to do significantly more domestic work
than their male siblings.

10. Causes Of Child Labour
•Poverty
Poverty is a major cause of child labour in Nepal and is often coupled
with lack of education. According to a report about the Nepal’s first
national multidimensional poverty index (MPI).
28.5 percent of Nepal’s population is still living under the poverty
line.
Many parents do not want their children to be idle during the day but
cannot enroll them in school due to the high cost. Entering the labour
force has immediate economic benefits for the parents, while the
economic benefits from educating their children would be long term.

11. Cont…
Poverty

12. •Gender Inequality
-Many parents in Nepal believe that female children should be at
home doing domestic work instead of going to school .
Their reasoning is that there would not be enough people supporting
the household and that girls will be given away in marriage anyway.
female children are more likely to be involved with child labour than
male children.

13. Impact Of Child Labour
•Education
Education is very important in shaping the lives of the children, and in
Nepal it is compulsory for all children up to the lower secondary level.
Nevertheless, a large number of children do not attend school.
Even though some children may realize that education an advantage
for their future, they do not have access to a school or cannot afford to
pay for stationery and fees.

14. Cont…
Educational status of Children

15. •Mental Health
There is a higher proportion of mental illnesses such as Anxiety and
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) for Nepali child.
According to the United Nations Children’s Fund, the welfare of
children is also affected as children may work under exploitative
working conditions. This may have negative impacts on their health
and psychology.

16. •Economic Development
Child labour impedes(prevent) long run economic growth through
slower rate of human capital accumulation. One way in which human
capital is accumulated is through education. As working takes up time
for children to go to school, rate of human capital accumulation is
negatively affected.
It found that children in Nepal contribute about 7% of the household
income, which is quite high compared to other developing countries.

17. Responses
•International Labour Organization-This organization is to
eliminate the worst forms of child labour in Nepal. They would like
to strengthen the monitoring systems for child labour in order to
prevent and identify the emerging sectors of child labour.
•Children and Women in Social Service and Human Rights
(CWISH)-create a respectful environment towards human rights,
with a focus on child rights. They work to protect children from
violence, harassment, physical punishment.

18. Cont…
•The DOL increased its number of inspections by 25 percent.
•The Nepali Police tripled its number of investigations and doubled
the number of Women and Children Service Centers.
•Free and compulsory primary education to bring and keep children in
schools to provide relevant and interesting quality education
grooming them to grow knowledgeable, skilled, physically strong,
mentally high aspiring.

19. Achievements
•Work place environments are improved from hazardous work to
decent work for adults and children of legal working age.
•Child Labour free zones created in the Project locations.
•Increased linkages by agencies to the National Master Plan 2011-20
to meet the targets of child labour elimination.
•Increased collaboration and coordination with the national and
regional network to promote integration of child labour issues and
concerns in the various frameworks.