CHEk LAP KOK AIRPORT
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This document provides details about the design and construction of the Chek Lap Kok Airport in Hong Kong. Some key points: - The airport is built on an artificial island and has the world's largest single building terminal at 1.2km long. Its roof design symbolizes flight. - The roof structure consists of 129 prefabricated modules, each weighing 120 tonnes. It is five times more energy efficient than a conventional roof. - The departure level has a large glass curtain wall system with varying mullion heights up to 23m. Glass panels are 3m x 2m with reflective coating for sunlight and good acoustics. - Movement joints allow for thermal expansion and vibration from aircraft
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CHEk LAP KOK AIRPORT
- 1. CHEK LAP KOK AIRPORT READING FACADES
- 2. • In the past 10 year’s, HKIA has been declared as the world’s best Airport 40 times. • Man made island of Chek lap Kok is 6km long and 3.5 km wide and visible from space. • Layout as that of a wing of Airplane • Biggest Airport in the world in terms of Cargo. • Within 5 flying hours to half the world’s population. • 1.2Km terminal building is the world’s largest single building
- 3. ROOFING • 5 times more energy efficient than conventional roof • Wave form of terminals roof design is symbolic of flight. • Geometric form of latticed barrel vaults with span of 36m. • Sophisticated structure consists of 129 modules, each with an average weight of 120 tonnes and 36m x 36m in plan.
- 4. GLASS WALL • Departure Level is surrounded by glass walls. • Series of high bow back mullions which varying in height to a maximum of 23 m to support the curtain wall system • Weatherproof with good acoustics. • The glass features a laminated film sandwiched between 2 layers of glass to reflect sunlight.
- 6. 36m • Column to Column span = 36m • Max. Roof Height = 23m Problem: The span is too large ! Solution: Subdivided modules grid EXTERNAL GLASS WALL BACK VIEW
- 7. 3m Front chord as Mullion Glass Transom Back chord • 8mm Tinted Tempered Glass • 1.52mm PVB Interlayer • Low-E and Reflective coating EXTERNAL GLASS WALL • Glass modules : 3m x 2m • Mullion : 120mmx80mm Steel R.H.S. • Transom : 120mmx80mm Steel R.H.S. • Back chord : 114mm Steel C.H.S.
- 8. WHAT IS THE CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM? Construction Process: 1. Installation of Mullions 2. Installation of Transoms 3. Installation of Glass panes Stick System
- 9. CONNECTION DETAIL Adaptor (Aluminium) Metal Plate Connection Mullion • Backer Rod at the back • Weather Sealant at the front Structural Sealant
- 10. MOVEMENT JOINT (ARMATURE JOINT) Due to: • Large Thermal Movement • Intense Vibration by aircraft noise Separation between roof and curtain wall is required Pin joint (+-175mm Vertical Movement) Sliding joint (+-120mm Horizontal Movement) Flexible Sealing Material
- 11. GLASS DELAMINATION Some glasses were found to be delaminated along the edge during our site visit. 300mm Causes of delamination: 1.PVB Interlayer exposed to air 2.The unmatched roller- wave shape of the glass 3.Low-e coating cause thermal difference in heating process 4.Obsolete PVB used
- 12. GLASS BALUSTRADE Cantilever Mullion 10mm thick Monolithic Tempered Glass Transom 1. 1.5m Span Glass 1.Supported by two sides only (one-way) 1.10mm thick Monolithic Tempered Glass
- 13. MORE THAN A ROOF
- 14. DESIGN CONCEPT
- 15. ROOF MODULE • Made up of 129 modules with plan area of 36m x 36m • Consisted of U.B. and S.H.S. Members • Fabricated at the yard on NW side of the central concourse
- 16. ROOF STRUCTURE
- 17. ROOF SEGMENT Interior Aluminium Panels With Polyester Powder Finish Exterior Aluminium Panel with PVF2 Paint Finish
- 18. LIGHT REFLECTOR Perforated Aluminium Panels
- 19. Light Reflector • Service gantries to facilitate maintenance • Lighting system, loudspeaker, CCTV, smoke and fire detection…
- 20. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
- Tie bars are installed across the barrel vaults to provide a horizontal force to restrain the two ends of the vault from spreading outward. The ties are lifted off the horizontal for architectural reasons. The actual tie rise is a compromise between efficiency and appearance. The huge size of the roof means that thermal effects are significant. Provision for a rise in the ties can allow the self-adjustment of the geometry of the vault with temperature changes e.g. in winter and summer, or even from a sudden break down in the air-conditioning system.
- the building had using acoustics and heat insulation properties of roofing and cladding materials. Traditionally, the greatest consumer of energy is always light, since it is not only consume energy on artificial light, which would create huge amount of heat that we need to use energy to cool the space made hot by the light. As a result, natural lighting is implemented. The glass involves a very high solar shade coefficient. Also the roof is highly insulated so that hot air infiltration and cool air leakage are very balanced. POWDER COATING - To enhance the appearance - To protect the substrate against corrosion, water, UV, oxidation… - To perform special function, e.g. marking, anti-graffiti, heat-resistant, slip-resistant, electricity-resistant… - No solvent / VOC, so environmentally friendly PVF2/PVDF PVDF is a resin used in architectural coatings that has exceptional weathering characteristics. The PVDF resin itself is highly inert, both chemically and photochemically, due to the high stability and protective effect of the C-F bond.
- The design of building is highly efficient. Daylight from skylights, which occupy around 5% of the roof area, is bounced off reflectors towards the roof to create soft lighting within the terminal. Artificial fittings have been placed mainly on supporting columns for easy access.