The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter Four of Choice Theory: Because They Want To. It discusses the development of rational choice theory and concepts like evaluating crime risks and structuring criminality. It also covers how choice theory views crime as potentially rational and examines approaches to controlling crime through deterrence, incapacitation, and other situational prevention strategies. The implications of choice theory for policies like patrols, three-strikes laws, and the death penalty are also summarized.
La psicologia criminal como ciencia_IAFJSRMauri Rojas
Instituto Academia de Formación Jurídica
“Simón Rodríguez”
“Enseñanza Jurídica que transforma vidas”.
“LIDER EN EDUCACION VIRTUAL JURIDICA”
El IAFJSR es una institución de Educación de Adultos, que germino legalmente el 17 de Julio del Año 2014, siendo registrada en el Ministerio del Poder Popular Para las Relaciones Interiores y Justicia, Servicio Autónomo de Registros y Notariasy ante los órganos educativos del Estado Venezolano,entre los que destacan el INCES y el Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación, dedicada a la formación continua de profesionales en el derecho, preparándolos para entender, comprender y desarrollar exitosamente su ejercicio jurídico.
EL IAFJSR; ofrece su programa de Educación, formación y Capacitación Jurídica actualizado y permanente (TALLERES ò CURSOS DE CONTINUACIÒN, CURSOS AVANZADOS ò DE PERFECCIONAMIENTO, CURSOS DE ESPECIALIZACION, DIPLOMADOS, SEMINARIOS CONFERENCIAS y JORNADAS), en las modalidades presencial y OnLine (E-LEARNIG), que permitirán el beneficio para toda la comunidad estudiantil y profesional necesitada del mismo y de la población jurídica interesada en su consolidación en el ejercicio a través de la mejora continua.
EL IAFJSR; a través de la Dirección de Desarrollo de Sistemas, en aras de cumplir con la misión de formar integralmente a la población venezolana y de otros países del mundo y considerando los principios esbozados en la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela ha adelantado esfuerzos en la Construcción del Sistema de Educación a Distancia, completamente virtualizada en la modalidad en línea a través del sistema de comunicación internet y canales electrónicos pertinentes, útiles y necesarios en materia de derecho público y privado permitiéndoles a las comunidades adquirir o actualizar, según el caso, conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas en función de su crecimiento individual y el mejoramiento de su comunidad.
Estamos ubicados en la Ciudad de Maracay Estado Aragua – Venezuela. www.iafjsr.com
La psicologia criminal como ciencia_IAFJSRMauri Rojas
Instituto Academia de Formación Jurídica
“Simón Rodríguez”
“Enseñanza Jurídica que transforma vidas”.
“LIDER EN EDUCACION VIRTUAL JURIDICA”
El IAFJSR es una institución de Educación de Adultos, que germino legalmente el 17 de Julio del Año 2014, siendo registrada en el Ministerio del Poder Popular Para las Relaciones Interiores y Justicia, Servicio Autónomo de Registros y Notariasy ante los órganos educativos del Estado Venezolano,entre los que destacan el INCES y el Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación, dedicada a la formación continua de profesionales en el derecho, preparándolos para entender, comprender y desarrollar exitosamente su ejercicio jurídico.
EL IAFJSR; ofrece su programa de Educación, formación y Capacitación Jurídica actualizado y permanente (TALLERES ò CURSOS DE CONTINUACIÒN, CURSOS AVANZADOS ò DE PERFECCIONAMIENTO, CURSOS DE ESPECIALIZACION, DIPLOMADOS, SEMINARIOS CONFERENCIAS y JORNADAS), en las modalidades presencial y OnLine (E-LEARNIG), que permitirán el beneficio para toda la comunidad estudiantil y profesional necesitada del mismo y de la población jurídica interesada en su consolidación en el ejercicio a través de la mejora continua.
EL IAFJSR; a través de la Dirección de Desarrollo de Sistemas, en aras de cumplir con la misión de formar integralmente a la población venezolana y de otros países del mundo y considerando los principios esbozados en la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela ha adelantado esfuerzos en la Construcción del Sistema de Educación a Distancia, completamente virtualizada en la modalidad en línea a través del sistema de comunicación internet y canales electrónicos pertinentes, útiles y necesarios en materia de derecho público y privado permitiéndoles a las comunidades adquirir o actualizar, según el caso, conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas en función de su crecimiento individual y el mejoramiento de su comunidad.
Estamos ubicados en la Ciudad de Maracay Estado Aragua – Venezuela. www.iafjsr.com
AQA forensic psychology revision for alevel paper 3.
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www.cengage.com/cj/siegel
Chapter Four
Choice Theory:
Because They Want To
Valerie Bell • University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
2. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Development of Rational Choice
Theory
– Classical Criminology
– Thinking About Crime
• James Q. Wilson
3. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice
– Evaluating the Risks of Crime
– Offense-Specific Crime
– Offender-Specific Crime
4. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice
– Structuring Criminality
• Economic need/opportunity
• Evaluating personal traits and experience
• Criminal expertise
5. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice
– Structuring Crime
• Choosing the place of crime
• Choosing targets
6. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Is Crime Rational?
– Is theft rational?
– Is drug use rational?
– Can violence be rational?
7. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Why Do People Commit Crime?
– Edgework
– Seductions of crime
8. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime
– Situational Crime Prevention
• Criminal acts will be avoided if:
– potential targets are carefully guarded
– the means to commit crime are controlled
– potential offenders are carefully monitored
9. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime
– Crime Prevention Strategies
• Increase the effort needed to commit crime
• Increase the risk of committing crime
• Reduce rewards of crime
• Induce guilt: increase crime
• Reduce provocation
• Remove excuses
10. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime
– The Costs and Benefits of Situational Crime
Prevention
• Hidden benefits
• Hidden costs
11. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• General Deterrence
– Perception and Deterrence
– Certainty of Punishment
• Police and Certainty of Punishment
– Severity of Punishment
– Swiftness of Punishment
• Interrelationship of factors
12. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• General Deterrence
– Critique of General Deterrence
• Rationality
• System effectiveness
• Some offenders – and some crimes – are more
“deterrable” than others
13. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Specific Deterrence
– The view that criminal sanctions should be so
powerful that offenders will never repeat their criminal
acts.
14. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Incapacitation
– Incapacitation Effect
• Incarceration
• Recidivism
– Can Incapacitation Reduce Crime?
15. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Can Incapacitation Reduce Crime?
– Incapacitation Effect
• Incarceration
• Recidivism
16. Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Policy Implications of Choice Theory
– Highly Visible Police Patrols
– “Three Strikes and You’re Out”
– Death Penalty
Editor's Notes
Learning Objective 1. Describe the development of rational choice theory.
Learning Objective 2. Describe the concepts of rational choice.
Learning Objective 3. Discuss how offenders structure criminality.
Learning Objective 4. Describe how criminals structure crime.
Learning Objective 5. Be acquainted with the evidence suggesting that crime is rational.
Learning Objective 6. Know what is meant by the term “seductions of crime.”
Learning Objective 7. Discuss the elements of situational crime prevention.
Learning Objective 7. Discuss the elements of situational crime prevention.
Learning Objective 7. Discuss the elements of situational crime prevention.
Learning Objective 8. Be familiar with the elements of general deterrence.
Learning Objective 8. Be familiar with the elements of general deterrence.
Learning Objective 9. Discuss the basic concepts of specific deterrence.
Learning Objective 10. Understand the pros and cons of applying an incapacitation strategy to reduce crime.
Learning Objective 10. Understand the pros and cons of applying an incapacitation strategy to reduce crime.
Learning Objective 10. Understand the pros and cons of applying an incapacitation strategy to reduce crime.
