Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
CHAPTER-3-SOCIAL-SCIENCE-THEORIES (1).pptx
1. Social Science Theories
and their Implications to
Education
Week 5-6
March 4-8 (Lecture & Quiz)
March 11-15 (Group Activity & Reporting)
2. Intended learning Outcome
At the end of the Chapter, you must be able to
explain the three social science theories and their
implications to education
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6. Three Social Theories
1. Structural- Functional Theory
2. Conflict Theory
3. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
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7. Structural-Functional Theory
Proponent: Herbert Spencer
- View society as a system of interconnected parts each with a
unique function. The Parts have to work together for stability
and balance of society.
- Failure of one social institution to do its part means disruption
of stability in society.
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8. Structural-Functional Theory
Implication to education:
1. This theory focuses on how education serves the need of
society through the development of skills encouraging social
cohesion.
2. The role of the school is to prepare students for participation
in the institutions of society.
3. Education is concerned with transmission of core values for
social control.
4. Education is concerned with socializing people by bringing
together people from different backgrounds.
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9. Structural-Functional Theory
• This theory is focused on social stability and solidarity
• Functionalists see education as a beneficial contribution to an
ordered society.
• HOWEVER, Functionalism does not encourage people to take
an active role in changing their social environment, even when
such change may benefit them. Instead, functionalism sees
active social change as undesirable because the various parts
of the society will compensate naturally for any problems that
may arise.
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10. Structural-Functional Theory
Purposes of schooling
1. Intellectual purposes – acquisition of knowledge, skills and values
2. Political purposes – educate citizens, promote patriotism,
assimilation of immigrants, ensure order, public civility and
conformity to laws.
3. Economic purposes – prepare students for later work roles, select
and train the labor force needed by the society.
4. Social purposes – promote a sense of social and moral
responsibility; serve as a site for the solution or resolution of
social problems; supplement the efforts of other institutions of
socialization such as the family and church.
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12. Conflict Theory
According to this theory, there are always two opposing sides in
conflict situation.
People take sides between maintaining the status quo and
introducing change, then arrive at an agreement.
Conflict theorists find potential conflict between any groups
where inequality exists: racial, gender, religious, political,
economics, etc.
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13. Conflict Theory
• The parts of the society do not work together harmoniously.
• Societies parts are competing with one another for limited
resources
• From the conflict perspectives, social problems are the natural and
inevitable outcome of social struggle.
• The basis of all social problems is the conflict over limited
resources between the more and less powerful. The more powerful
exploits society’s resources and oppress the less powerful.
• Those who are exploited react to their oppression and create more
social problems.
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14. Conflict Theory
How conflict theory regard education
1. According to this theory, education is not truly a social
benefits or an opportunity as seen by the functionalists.
2.Rather, education is a powerful means of maintaining power
structures and creating a docile work for capitalism.
3. The purpose of education is to maintain social inequality and
to preserve the power of those who dominate society and teach
those in working class to accept their position as a lower class
worker of society.
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15. Conflict Theory
The essence of this theory
This theory welcomes conflict… for conflict paves
the way to change, to the establishment of a new
society
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16. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
This theory traces its origin to Max Weber
He said that individuals act according to their interpretation of
the meaning of words
Symbolic interactionism is a micro-level theory that focuses on
meanings attached to human interaction, both verbal and non-
verbal, and to symbols. Communication—the exchange of
meaning through language and symbols—is believed to be the
way in which people make sense of their social worlds.
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17. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
George H. Mead believed that our thoughts, self-concept, and
the wider community we live in are created through
communication—symbolic interaction.
The book that lays out his theory, Mind, Self, and Society,
describes how language is essential for these three critical
human characteristics to develop.
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18. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
Erving Goffman was a sociologist who used the symbolic-
interaction perspective to better understand society by studying
the everyday interactions and behavior of people.
He analyzed people's behaviors and stated that we are like
actors performing on a stage.
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19. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
Tenets of the theory
1. An individual’s action depends on meaning. We act based on
the meaning we give to symbols
2. Different people may give different meanings to the same
thing.
3. Meanings change as individuals interact with one another.
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20. Symbolic Interactionist Theory
Implications to teaching
To ensure mutual understanding, the sender of the symbol and
the receiver of the symbol must give the same meaning to the
symbol or run the risk of misunderstanding.
Faulty communication can result from differences in the
perception of the same events and symbols.
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22. Assignment:
Research on school practices based on the functionalist theory, conflict
theory, and symbolic interaction theory (5 per theory)
School Practices Theory
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