This document discusses theories of social stratification and equality of educational opportunity. It describes functionalist theory and conflict theory as two opposing views on unequal class systems. Functionalist theory views stratification as beneficial to society by motivating people to fulfill needed roles, while conflict theory sees it as perpetuating advantages for some groups over others. The document also examines factors like public vs private schools, ability grouping, teacher expectations, and home environment that can affect educational achievement and social stratification.

1. Marlon L. Berzaldo
II-1 BSE History

2. Lies the key to our future
Most people believe that schooling is
directly linked to occupational and financial
success.
Schools should produced individuals who
can function in society.

3. ―Equality of educational
oppurtunity‖

4. • Public or private schools
• Ability grouping
• Home and community environments
• Teacher and student expectations

5. STRATIFICATION – It refers to our position
in the society.
- Upper class
- Middle class
- Lower class

6. According to Max Weber
Class – described as a multidimensional
concept which is determined by three
major variable: wealth, power, and
prestige.

7. Wealth – refers to one’s
property, capital, and income.
Power – implies the ability to make major
decisions or to influence others to act in
one’s benefit.
Occupation is a main factor in one’s
prestige. Esucation affects occupational
status, and income is closely associated
with it.

8. Two opposing theories of stratification are
most often used to explain the unequal
class system in our society:
Functionalist (consensus) theory
Conflict Theory

9. Functionalist Theory
According to this
perspective, each part of society is related
to each other part in the total society. In
order to maintain a working balance
between the parts, the system has certain
requirements and agreed-upon rules.

10. People are induced to do what society
needs done, motivated to fulfill roles by
extrinsic rewards (money, prestige)
The importance of a particular role and
scarcity of qualified persons to fill the role
determine the prestige ranking of position.
For instance, doctors are seen as more
important than bartenders, and have more
prestige and higher pay.

11. Those positions which are most complex
and important require the most talent and
training—that is, education---are the most
highly rewarded.

12. Conflict Theory
They believe that problems in the
educational system stem from the conflicts
in the society as a whole. Education is but
one part of a system which is based on
―have‖ and ―have-not‖.

13.  Reproductionists, revisionists, and neo-
Marxists – stemming from the idea that the
upper-middle class ―conspires‖ to perpetuate
their own class interests by limiting access to
educational opportunities for other groups.
 ―Cultural Capital‖ - Parents provide their
children with cultural capital by transmitting
the attitudes and knowledge needed to
succeed in the current educational system.

14. Social class
Race
Sex

15. Equal opportunity exists when all
people, even those without
status, wealth, or membership in a
privileged group,have an equal chance of
achieving a high socioeconomic status in
society regardless of their sex, minority
status, or social class.

16. Equal opportunity (James Coleman)
Providing free education
Provide common curriculum
Provide that children from diverse
backgrounds attend the same school

17. Concept of equality of educational
opportunity means providing equal
facilities, finances for schools and
availability of schooling.

18. Public vs Private Schools
Tracking and Ability grouping
Teacher expectations
(self-fulfilling prophecy)
Home Environment Effects on Educational
Achievement and Stratification

19. THANK YOU FOR
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