chapter 9.pptx
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This document discusses road aggregate materials used in road construction. It outlines that aggregates are rocks or mineral fragments combined with cement and bitumen to form road surfaces. Good aggregates are important for ensuring stability and durability of roads as they bear most stress from traffic. Key properties of aggregates include strength, hardness, toughness, durability, shape, adhesion to bitumen, and being free from foreign particles. Common types of aggregates used are basalts, granites, sandstones, limestones, and gravels.
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Aggregates are used :
In road bases as Asphalt Aggregates.
With ordinary Portland cement(OPC) as normal aggregates as fills in foundations and as aggregate accordingly to project specific studies.
About three-fourth (75%) of the volume of Portland cement concrete is occupied by aggregates. Other 25% include cementing materials like cement, sand and synthetic admixtures.Asphalt cement concrete occupy 90% or more of the total volume. The remaining portion is mainly sand and Bitumen which acts as cementing material in is Asphalt Aggregates.
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Road aggregates must have higher impact value to withstand the Tyre impact phenomenon.
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Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
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These siliceous materials have Deleterious reaction, if high alkali-cement is used.
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Alkali-aggregate reaction can also occur
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If Percentage of Strained Quartz is >40%, were highly reative.
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This document discusses different types of reservoirs and geological problems associated with them. It describes three main types of reservoirs: storage reservoirs which store river water, flood control reservoirs which accommodate large volumes of water during peak river flows, and distribution reservoirs which hold short-term water supplies. The main geological problems with reservoirs are groundwater conditions, permeable rocks which can cause leakage, and silting from sediment-laden rivers which reduces storage capacity over time. Proper geological investigations consider topography, groundwater, permeability, structures, and weathering to identify appropriate reservoir locations.
chapter. 6 Mass extinction and biodi. loss -.pptx
The document discusses mass extinctions throughout geological history, including the five major mass extinction events. It provides details on the timing, impacted species, and potential causes of each mass extinction. The largest extinction was the End-Permian mass extinction approximately 245 million years ago, which wiped out over 90% of species. The most recent major extinction was the End-Cretaceous mass extinction around 65 million years ago, which led to the demise of the dinosaurs. Potential causes of mass extinctions discussed include asteroid impacts, volcanic activity, climate change, and sea level fluctuations.
aseminaronaeolianlandforms-170405120427 (1).pdf
The document discusses aeolian (wind-related) landforms and processes. It describes how wind can erode, transport, and deposit materials through various processes like abrasion, deflation, and saltation. Some erosional landforms formed by wind include ventifacts, yardangs, and mushroom rocks. Depositional landforms include loess, sand dunes (which can take various forms like barchan, transverse, parabolic, and longitudinal dunes), and sand ripples. Aeolian processes and landforms are particularly important in arid environments like deserts where wind is a dominant agent of geomorphic change.
Chap. 7 Radiolaria.pptx
This document discusses radiolaria, which are single-celled eukaryotes commonly found in marine environments. Radiolaria have intricate silica skeletons that can be spherical, cone-shaped, or other forms, sometimes with spines or fins. They live throughout the world's oceans and can be found from the surface to depths of 3000 meters. Their long fossil record and diversity over time make radiolaria useful for determining the age and environment of deposits lacking other fossils. Their classification is based on both skeletal and soft tissue features.
chapt 8 Dinoflagellates -.pptx
This document discusses organic-walled microfossils called dinoflagellates. It describes dinoflagellates as single-celled aquatic organisms with two flagella that cause them to rotate as they move. Dinoflagellates can be autotrophic or heterotrophic and some are bioluminescent. Their fossilized cysts are useful for indicating past environments. The document outlines the classification, morphology, ecology, harmful blooms, and applications of dinoflagellates.
techniques in paleontology.pptx
Paleontological techniques are important for accurately studying prehistoric life. Key steps include careful excavation using specialized tools to remove fossils from the surrounding rock matrix without damage. Fossils are then prepared, preserved, and potentially restored in the lab before analysis. Relative and absolute dating methods can determine a fossil's age based on geological layers and radioactive decay. Reconstructing fossils provides insights into ancient species, environments, and Earth's evolutionary history.
chapt. 9 nannofossil coccolithophores (1).pptx
This document provides information about nannofossils, specifically coccolithophores. It defines nannofossils as the smallest members of plankton, usually 5-60 micrometers in size. Coccolithophores are one-celled plant-like organisms that surround themselves with calcite plates called coccoliths. They are classified taxonomically and ecologically dominate warm surface waters, where their calcareous remains can form deposits like chalk. The geological record of calcareous nannofossils dates back to the late Triassic. Their small size, widespread distribution, and good preservation make them useful for biostratigraphy.
chapter 8.pptx
Roads and highways are important civil engineering projects. Proper geological investigation is crucial for their design, construction, and maintenance. Such investigations examine the topography, rock composition and structure, geological features like joints and faults, weathering, and groundwater conditions. Complicated regions for road building include hills, marshes, flooded areas, and locations with permafrost, each requiring specialized design approaches to ensure stability and prevent failures.
chapter 8.pptx
Roads and highways are important civil engineering projects. Proper geological investigation is crucial for their design, construction, and maintenance. Such investigations examine the topography, rock composition and structure, geological features like joints and faults, weathering, and groundwater conditions. Regions with hills, marshes, waterlogging, or permafrost present additional complications requiring specialized solutions like aerial surveying, excavating weak soils, lowering water tables, or insulating layers to protect ice below roads. Thorough investigation of the terrain and geology is essential for developing roads that are stable and economical.
chapt. 6 Foraminifera - Copy.pptx
This document provides an overview of foraminifera, including:
- Their general characteristics as single-celled protists with shells composed of calcium carbonate or agglutinated particles.
- Their classification, morphology (including test structure, chamber shape and arrangement, apertures), ecology, geological history, and applications in biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
- Techniques for preparing and observing foraminifera from rock samples depending on the rock type and expected foraminifera.
chapter 8.pptx
Roads and highways are important civil engineering projects. Proper geological investigation is crucial for their design, construction, and maintenance. Such investigations examine the topography, rock composition and structure, geological features like joints and faults, weathering, and groundwater conditions. Regions with hills, marshes, waterlogging, or permafrost present additional complications requiring specialized solutions like aerial surveying, excavating weak soils, lowering water tables, or insulating layers to protect ice below roads. Thorough investigation of the terrain and geology is essential for developing roads that are stable and economical.
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Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
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Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
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Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
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◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
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◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
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Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingRandomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
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chapter 9.pptx
- 2. Introduction • Those types of rocks or mineral fragments that can be used as an aggregate material in combination with other natural or artificial materials like cement and bitumen etc. for preparing an ideally suitable road surface may be termed as Road Materials.
- 3. • Importance. The greater part of the body of a road is generally constituted by the aggregates, which are supposed to bear the main stress under all types of traffic without undergoing much surface abrasion. Thus, much importance is always attached to the selection of the right type of aggregates for ensuring stability and durability of a road.
- 4. • This requires a thorough understanding of the properties that a good road aggregate should always possess on the one hand and also a comprehensive knowledge of important rock types that are suitable for use as source of these aggregates.
- 5. • Aggregates used in road construction should have the following properties: a. Strength: • The aggregate to be used in road construction should be sufficiently strong to withstand crushing and several stresses due to traffic wheel load. Properties of Aggregates Used in Roads
- 6. b. Hardness: • The aggregates used in the surface course are subjected to rubbing or abrasion. So, the aggregate should be hard enough to resist wear and tear due to the abrasive action of traffic.
- 7. c. Toughness: • Resistance to impact is termed as toughness. • Aggregates used in the pavement are also subjected to impact due to moving wheel loads and hammering action due to jumping of tires. • Hence, toughness is another desirable property of road aggregate.
- 8. d. Soundness/Durability: • The property to withstand adverse action of weather or the ability to remain strong over a long period is called durability or soundness. • Aggregates are subjected to the physical and chemical action of rain and groundwater.
- 9. e. Shape of aggregate • Aggregates may be of different shapes such as cubical, rounded, flaky, elongated, etc. • Flaky and Elongated aggregates have lower strength. • So, generally round and angular are preferred.
- 11. f. Adhesion with bitumen • Adhesion simply means a binding property with other materials. • So, aggregate should have proper or good binding properties with bitumen/asphalt.
- 12. g. Free from foreign particles • Foreign materials like dust, chemicals, etc reduce the binding property of aggregate i.e. adhesion between aggregate and bitumen is reduced. • So, the material should be free from foreign materials.
- 13. Common road aggregates • The following are considered the common road aggregates: a) Basalts • These are dark colored basic igneous rocks that have been extensively used as road materials in areas of their occurrence. The rock is generally characterized with a crushing strength between 2000-3000 kg/cm² and also with great toughness. Their specific gravity varies between 2.8-3.
- 15. b) Granites • All varieties of granites are eminently suitable as building as well as road materials by good quality of their properties. The darker varieties are used more as road materials.
- 17. c) Sandstones • These are sedimentary rocks covering large parts of the globe. These form the most commonly used type of road aggregates. Many varieties are known to exist and almost all of them are generally found suitable as road stones. The crushing strength of sandstones varies from 600kg/cm² for calcareous varieties to as much as 2500 kg/cm for quartzitic types.
- 18. Quartzites are widely used as road stones because of their very hard nature, high crushing strength, compact character, and good weathering resistant properties.
- 19. d) Limestones • They vary considerably in their strength characteristics depending upon their texture and structure. Hard and compact varieties are sufficiently tough to withstand normal traffic loads. Clayey varieties, however, may be too soft.
- 21. e) Gravels • Rounded and smooth pebbles and rock fragments of any composition above 2 mm diameter are collectively termed as gravels. Their common size range is between 2-7 cm. These are found as deposits and also along river bed and sea beaches. Some common of gravels are:
- 22. i. Stream bed gravels ii. River terrace gravels iii. Flood plain gravels iv. Beach gravels v. Glacial gravels Gravel aggregates
- 23. Thank you