2. (KUB) Stands for kidney , ureter, bladder term used in a radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Stones and calcified areas may be detected.
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4. (UTI) Known as Urinary Tract Infection a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Your urinary system is composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Any part of your urinary system can become infected, but most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the urethra and the bladder.
5. What causes UTI? The two most common causes of this are poor hygiene and sexual intercourse. Another cause of bladder infections or UTI is waiting too long to urinate. Loss of estrogen and changes in the vagina after menopause. Anything that makes it hard to completely empty your bladder, like a kidney stone.
6. Symptoms pain or burning during urination frequent urination the sensation of not being able to hold urine the sensation of not being able to urinate easily or completely Cloudy, bad-smelling, or bloody urine Lower abdominal pain
9. (ARF) Acute renal failure means that your kidneys have suddenly stopped working. Your kidneys remove waste products and help balance water and salt and other minerals (electrolytes) in your blood. When your kidneys stop working, waste products, fluids, and electrolytes build up in your body.
10. What causes Acute Renal Failure? sudden, serious drop in blood flow to the kidneys. Not enough fluid in the body (dehydration) also can harm the kidneys . Damage from some medicines, poisons, or infections A sudden blockage that stops urine from flowing out of the kidneys
11. Symptoms Little or no urine when you urinate. Swelling, especially in your legs and feet. Not feeling like eating. Nausea and vomiting. Feeling confused, anxious and restless, or sleepy. Pain in the back just below the rib cage. This is called flank pain. Some people may not have any symptoms
12. Treatments Limit your salt intake Watch your potassium intake Watch your phosphorus intake
13. (CRF) Chronic renal failure is a progressive disease characterized by an increasing inability of the kidney to maintain normal low levels of: protein metabolism (such as urea) normal blood pressure hematocrit sodium water potassium acid-base balance
14. What causes Chronic Renal Failure? There are many possible causes of CRF including; Infections Hereditary or congenital abnormalities Kidney tumours Infectious diseases, especially FIP & FeLV Prolonged exposure to toxins Nephritis & nephrosis Polycystic kidney disease
15. Symptoms Weakness Shortness of breath Inability to excrete potassium and rising potassium levels in the serum Rising urea levels in the blood Loss of appetite
16. Treatments Fluids Phosphorus binders Prescription diet High blood pressure (hypertension Antacids & anti nausea medication Erythropoeitine
18. (BUN) Blood Urea Nitrogen test measures the amount of nitrogen in your blood that comes from the waste product urea. A BUN test is done to see how well your kidneys are working.
19. Why It Is Done See if your kidneys are working normally See if your kidney disease is getting worse See if treatment of your kidney disease is working
20. How It Is Done The health professional drawing blood will: Wrap an elastic band around your upper arm to stop the flow of blood. This makes the veins below the band larger so it is easier to put a needle into the vein. Clean the needle site with alcohol. Put the needle into the vein. More than one needle stick may be needed. Attach a tube to the needle to fill it with blood. Remove the band from your arm when enough blood is collected. Put a gauze pad or cotton ball over the needle site as the needle is removed. Put pressure to the site and then a bandage.
