The document discusses various aspects of the urinary system including common abbreviations and infections. It describes urinary tract infections (UTIs) which usually involve E. coli bacteria and are more common in women. There are three main types of UTIs: pyelonephritis affecting the kidneys, cystitis affecting the bladder, and urethritis affecting the urethra. Diagnosis of UTIs involves urinalysis, urine cultures, and imaging tests like ultrasounds. It also discusses acute renal failure (ARF) which is the sudden loss of kidney function, including potential causes and treatments like dialysis. Blood tests for BUN and creatinine are used to evaluate kidney function. KUB and GU refer

1. Chapter 9: Urinary System Abbreviations Jenny Trace