This chapter is on introduction to Municipal Solid Waste Management.

1. Municipal Solid Waste Management
Chapter 6
Prepared for Civil Batch-5

2. Chapter Outline
6.1 Introduction to Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
6.2 MSW Management Components
6.3 Waste Generation
6.4 Waste Collection
6.5 Waste Transportation
6.6 MSW Processing and Treatment
6.7 MSW Disposal by Landfilling

3.  Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) refers to everyday
items discarded by the public, including household,
commercial, and institutional waste, not hazardous in
nature.
Examples of MSW:
 Food scraps, paper, plastics, glass, textiles, metals,
etc.
Sources of MSW:
 Residential (households)
Introduction to Municipal Solid Waste

4. Sources of MSW:
 Commercial (shops, offices)
 Institutional (schools, hospitals, government buildings)
 Industrial (light manufacturing, packaging waste)
 Street sweeping and public areas
 Construction and demolition (C&D) debris
Introduction to Municipal Solid Waste

5.  Municipal Solid Waste Management
(MSWM) involves the systematic handling of
waste from generation to final disposal, ensuring
public health and environmental protection.
Key Components of MSWM:
 Waste Generation
 Waste Collection
 Waste Transportation
 Waste Processing and Treatment
 Waste Disposal
Municipal Solid Waste Management
Elements
of
a
SWM
System

6.  Where there are humans, there is waste. Once a
material no longer has value to its owner, it is
considered waste. Once the waste is generated on
site, it must be processed in some way.
 Currently, more than two billion metric tones of solid
waste are generated annually worldwide. It is
predicted that this figure to increase to 3.8bn tones
by 2050.
 Per capita MSW generation worldwide is 0.76kg/day.
 Share of plastic in MSW worldwide is 12%.
Waste Generation

7. Waste Generation

8.  Waste collection is crucial step in the MSW
management process. It includes picking up solid
wastes and emptying containers into suitable
vehicles for transport.
 This step also includes the collection of recyclable
materials produced by certain community.
 MSW collection costs can range between 40 and
60% of a community’s solid waste management
system costs. Therefore, an efficient collection
program can ultimately hold down waste
management costs.
Waste Collection

9. Methods of MSW collection:
 Door-to-door collection: Waste is picked up directly
from households or businesses.
 Kerbside collection: Waste is placed at designated
spots for pickup.
 Communal collection: Waste is deposited in shared
bins before being transported.
Waste Collection

10. Waste Collection
Automated waste-picking
vehicles
Manual waste-picking vehicles

11. Waste Collection
Side-loading waste truck
Front-loading waste truck

12. Definition:
MSW transportation is the movement of collected
waste to transfer stations, recycling centers, treatment
facilities, or landfills.
Methods of MSW Transportation:
 Direct haul: Waste is transported directly to disposal
sites.
 Transfer stations: Waste is temporarily stored
before being moved in bulk.
Municipal Solid Waste Transportation

13. Municipal Solid Waste Transportation
MSW Transfer station

14.  Waste processing and treatment refer to the
methods used to modify, reduce, or stabilize solid
waste before final disposal.
 The goal is to minimize environmental harm, recover
valuable materials, and reduce the volume of waste
sent to landfills.
Key Methods of Waste Processing & Treatment
 Recycling
• Composting (producing rich soil): Aerobic
Composting (with oxygen, faster) and
MSW Processing and Treatment

15. Solid Waste Management 15
Compost enhances overall soil properties including NPKS content.
MSW Processing and Treatment

16. Good compost builds rich topsoil
Solid Waste Management 16
MSW Processing and Treatment

17. MSW Processing and Treatment
Compost utilization
Compost preparation

18. Why Sanitary Landfills remain necessary for non-
recyclable and hazardous wastes?
 Landfills are used in every country, from the most
developed to the least developed ones?
 Let us deep-dive into Municipal Solid Waste
Landfills.
 See the separate PowerPoint dedicated to landfills.
MSW Disposal by Landfilling

19. Contaminants and contaminations
Thank you
for your
attention