The document contains images and captions that depict important religious sites from the late Roman period through the medieval era, including the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, the Second Temple complex, the Western Wall, the Arch of Titus showing spoils from the sacking of Jerusalem, the spread of Christianity through a map, Byzantine mosaics depicting biblical scenes, the Old St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, and other Byzantine churches featuring mosaic artwork. It also includes images of early Islamic architecture like the Great Mosque of Damascus.

1. The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem. Late 7th century.
© Nordicphotos / Alamy. [Fig. 5-1]

2. Scale model of the Second Temple in Jerusalem as reconstructed by King Herod the
Great. c. 19 BCE.
© Israel images / Alamy. [Fig. 5-2]

3. Jews praying at the Western Wall, Jerusalem.
© Boaz Rottem / Alamy. [Fig. 5-3]

4. The Spoils of Jerusalem, relief from the Arch of Titus, Rome. c. 81.
Marble relief. Height 6' 7" (2 m).
Werner Forman Archive. [Fig. 5-4]

5. The Spread of Christianity.
[Map 5.1]

6. Last Supper, Sant’Apollinare Nuovo. c. 520.
Mosaic.
Ravenna, Italy. Photo Scala, Florence - courtesy of the Ministero Beni e Att. Culturali.
[Fig. 5-5]

7. The Good Shepherd. Late 3rd–early 4th century.
Marble. Height 38-1∕2" (98 cm).
Museo Pio Cristiano, Vatican. Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-6]

8. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. 359.
Grottoes of St. Peter, Vatican. Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-7]

9. Head of Constantine, from a colossal statue that stood in the Basilica of Constantine,
Rome (see Fig. 4.15). 313.
Marble. Height of head 8' 6" (2.59 m).
Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome. Canali Photobank. [Fig. 5-8]

10. Adam and Eve, detail of Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. 359.
Marble.
Grottoes of St. Peter’s Basilica (Treasury Museum), Vatican, Vatican City.
Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-9]

11. Old St. Peter's Basilica, Rome. c. 320–30.
Length of grand axis 835' (254.5 m), width of transept 295' (86.9 m). [Fig. 5-10]

12. Section view of a basilica-style early Christian church. [Fig. 5-11]

13. The Late Roman and Byzantine World.
[Map 5.2]

14. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom). 532–7.
Istanbul (Constantinople). [Fig. 5-12]

15. Plan of Hagia Sophia, Istanbul. 532–537.
Exterior dimensions 308' × 236' (93.9 × 71.9 m). [Fig. 5-13]

16. Supporting a dome. [Fig. 5-14]

17. Interior, Hagia Sophia, Istanbul. 532–537.
Height of dome 183' (55.8 m). [Fig. 5-15]

18. Christ as the Good Shepherd. 5th century.
Mosaic from the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy.
Cameraphoto Arte, Venice. [Fig. 5-16]

19. Procession of Virgin Martyrs. c. 560.
Mosaic.
Sant’Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna, Italy. Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-17]

20. San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. c. 527–547.
Diameter 112' (34.2 m). Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-18]

21. Plan and section of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. c. 527–547. [Fig. 5-19]

22. Interior looking toward apse, San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. c. 527–547.
Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-20]

23. Justinian and His Court. c. 547.
Mosaic.
San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. © Cameraphoto, Venice. [Fig. 5-21]

24. Theodora and Retinue. c. 547.
Mosaic.
San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. © Cameraphoto, Venice. [Fig. 5-22]

25. Tenth-century ivory book cover depicting Gregory recording chants.
The Bridgeman Art Library. [Fig. 5-23]

26. The Way of the Dead, Teotihuacán, Mexico. 1st–6th century.
Corbis/Zefa/H. Gratwohl. [Fig. 5-24]

27. Christ Pantocrator. c. 1080–1100.
Mosaic.
Church of the Dormition, Daphne. Scala, Florence. [Fig. 5-25]

28. The Islamic World.
[Map 5.3]

29. Qur’an page written in Kufi script, from Great Mosque, Kairouan, Tunisia. 950.
Parchment, 9-4∕5" × 13-3∕4" (25 × 35 cm).
Bibliothèque Nationale, Tunis. AKG, London/Jean Louis Nou. [Fig. 5-26]

30. Great Ummayad Mosque, Damascus, Syria. c. 715.
© Julian Love/JAI/Corbis. [Fig. 5-27]

31. Interior, Great Mosque of Córdoba, Spain. c. 736.
© Paul Almasy/Corbis. [Fig. 5-28]

32. Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia. 836 and after.
Roger Wood/CORBIS. [Fig. 5-29]