akharij al Huruf Or Articulation Points part 3 مخــارج الحـروف الجزء الثالث
Read : Part1 Part2 Part4
There are Five major five Makhaarj :
Al Jawf ( The oral cavity ) الجوف
Al Halq ( The throat ) الحلق
Al Lissaan ( The tongue ) اللسان
Ash-shafatain ( The lips ) الشفتان
Al Khayshoom ( The nasal cavity ) الخيشوم
3- THE TONGUE ( AL-LISAAN ) الـلســان
Many letters come from the mouth: that is the tongue and its connection with the different areas of the teeth and mouth
There are 4 main makhaarij that can be divided into 10 sub-categories
The furthest back part of the tongue – this has 2 sub categories
The middle of the tongue – this single makhraj covers 3 letters
The side of the tongue – this has 2 specific points of articulation
The tip of the tongue
Reading Quran following Tajweed is always seen as a challenging task. Through this publication, we wanted to create a very basic Tajweed introduction covering different Makharij and some of the Arabic letters. Learning Quran with Tajweed should become easy from the first read.
Reading Quran following Tajweed is always seen as a challenging task. Through this publication, we wanted to create a very basic Tajweed introduction covering different Makharij and some of the Arabic letters. Learning Quran with Tajweed should become easy from the first read.
مخارج الحروف Tajweed articulation of lattersYousuf Qahtani
This Presentation Explain briefly the articulation of Arabic letters to ease the proper recitation of Quran. The Pictures included are obtained from the lectures and tutorials of Dr. Ayman Rushdi Swaid and Dr. Adel Abo Sha'ar may Allah bless them all.
Tajweed an Arabic word meaning correct pronunciation during recitation. It is a set of rules which dictate how the Qur'an should be read.The goal of learning tajweed is preserving the tongue from mistakes in pronunciation of the Glorious Qur'an during reading.Read more: http://www.tayseerulquran.com/tajweed-quran-online.html
Learn about the most basic Tajweed rules you need to know to perfect your recitation of the Holy Quran, with this very beginner-friendly explanation of the rules.
Phonetics: is the branch of linguistics that deals with how to human speech sounds are made . علم الصوتيات أحد الفروع الأساسية في اللغة الإنجليزية لمعرفة طرق خروج الأصوات من شخص لآخر.It describes how physical expressions of human speech sounds are produced.
علم الصوتيات يشرح طريقة إنتاج التعبيرات الجسدية لأصوات البشر”.Phonetic units are called phones.“يطلق على الصوتيات اسم الهواتف”As we know that phonetic symbols are enclosed in square brackets.“تكون الرموز الصوتية بداخل أقواس مربعة”.
مخارج الحروف Tajweed articulation of lattersYousuf Qahtani
This Presentation Explain briefly the articulation of Arabic letters to ease the proper recitation of Quran. The Pictures included are obtained from the lectures and tutorials of Dr. Ayman Rushdi Swaid and Dr. Adel Abo Sha'ar may Allah bless them all.
Tajweed an Arabic word meaning correct pronunciation during recitation. It is a set of rules which dictate how the Qur'an should be read.The goal of learning tajweed is preserving the tongue from mistakes in pronunciation of the Glorious Qur'an during reading.Read more: http://www.tayseerulquran.com/tajweed-quran-online.html
Learn about the most basic Tajweed rules you need to know to perfect your recitation of the Holy Quran, with this very beginner-friendly explanation of the rules.
Phonetics: is the branch of linguistics that deals with how to human speech sounds are made . علم الصوتيات أحد الفروع الأساسية في اللغة الإنجليزية لمعرفة طرق خروج الأصوات من شخص لآخر.It describes how physical expressions of human speech sounds are produced.
علم الصوتيات يشرح طريقة إنتاج التعبيرات الجسدية لأصوات البشر”.Phonetic units are called phones.“يطلق على الصوتيات اسم الهواتف”As we know that phonetic symbols are enclosed in square brackets.“تكون الرموز الصوتية بداخل أقواس مربعة”.
In Indonesia, the students find the problem how to pronounce English well. It is happened because the variation of the language and dialects are influenced by many areas in Indonesia. Also, the different nature of each language influences how to produce a good pronunciation of a particular language. Pronunciation becomes important when the speaker wants to tell his ideas to the listener. If the speaker makes a mistake in pronouncing the word, the listener may not understand what the speaker means.
Pronunciation, is one of the textbooks containing course materials arranged by Mr. Rifki Amin –who teach English at Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing (STBA) Pertiwi Tangerang. The arrangements of these course materials have been done as one of the attempts to fulfill the needs of the textbook containing course materials which go along with the syllabus of the related course.
Tangerang, August 2015
Rifki Amin, M. Pd.
The articulation points of the arabic alphabet part3Naimshahjr
Well this is it, all the letters in the Arabic alphabet done you should feel good. Because now you know how to properly pronounce these letters. Now you can go on teaching someone else.
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4. Definition
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Makhaarij is the plural of makhraj.
Definition: It is the place of emitting the letter when pronouncing it
that differentiates that specific letter from other letters.
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5. The Five General Regions
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Al-Jauf - The Oral Cavity - One point of articulation
Al-Halq - Throat - Three points of articulation
Al-Lisan - Tongue - Ten points of articulation
Ash-Shafataan - Lips - Two points of articulation
Al-Khaishoom - Nasal Cavity - One point of articulation
There are a total of 17 points of articulation according to a majority of the
scholars including Ibn Al Jazari.
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6. Scholars differ
Imam Ash-Shatibi and Sibaway said there are 16 points of articulation, and did
not count the Jauf as a point of articulation.
Still other scholars of Arabic language said there are 14 points of articulation,
as they did not count the Jauf, and were of the opinion that ر ن ل share the
same makhraj.
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7. The Oral Cavity اﻟﺟوف
There are three sounds that originate from this articulation point. They do not
come from any specific point in this region, but rather are generally from this
area.
Alif Maddiyyah - The vocal cords are open. The back of the tongue is lowered
for the light alif, and the back of the tongue is raised for the heavy alif.
Wow Maddiyyah - The vocal cords are open, and the lips are rounded in the
same shape as if we were saying the letter wow.
Ya Maddiyyah - The vocal cords are open, and the middle of the tongue is
raised close to the makhraj of the letter ya.
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8. Al Halq اﻟﺣﻠق
اﻟﺣﻠق أﻗﺻﻰ - The Deepest part of the throat, this is farthest from the
mouth, and the closest to the chest. Two letters originate from this part of the
throat: ه ء
اﻟﺣﻠق وﺳط - The middle of the throat - ح ع
اﻟﺣﻠق أدﻧﻰ - This part of the throat is closest to the mouth. - خ غ
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9. Al-Lisan اﻟﻠﺳﺎن The letters that originate from the
tongue can be split into two
categories:
1) Letters that do not originate
from the front part of the
tongue.
2) Letters that originate from
ّﺳﺎنﻠاﻟ طرف
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11. The Furthest part of the Tongue اﻟﻠﺳﺎن أﻗﺻﻰ
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Two letters originate from this point:
ق: The back of the tongue rises to touch the soft palate above it.
ك: The same as the ق except that it is a little “under” the ق, and closer to the
mouth.
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12. The Middle of the Tongue اﻟﻠﺳﺎن وﺳط
Three letters originate from this makhraj. They are called Al-Huroof Ash-
Shajariyyah.
ش ي ج
Note on ي: This is the makhraj for the sound of ي when it has a harakah on it,
or when it is saakin and preceded by a fatha.
The Makhraj of these three letters is the middle of the tongue touching the
hard palate above it.
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13. The Teeth
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Green- Central Incisors
Red - Lateral Incisors
Dark Blue - Canine
Light Blue - Pre molars
Yellow - Second pre molar and
two molars
Orange - Wisdom teeth
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14. The Side of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن ﺣﺎﻓﺔ
ض
“It is articulated from one of the sides of the
tongue and what lies opposite to it of the
upper molars left or right.” It can also be
articulated from both sides of the tongue.
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15. The Side of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن ﺣﺎﻓﺔ
ل
It’s articulation point is the side of the
tongue nearest the front of the mouth and
the tip of the tongue, and what lies opposite
to it of the gums of the first two upper
premolars, the two upper canines, the two
upper lateral incisors, and the two upper
front incisors.
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16. The Tip of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن طرف
ن
From the tip of the tongue and what is
parallel to it of the gums.
It is slightly below the makhraj of laam
It’s nasal sound originates from the Nasal
Cavity.
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17. The Tip of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن طرف
ر
From the tip of the tongue and a little from
the edge of the tip
And what is parallel to it of the gums of the
upper front teeth.
The tongue is raised from the back for a
heavy ر
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18. The Tip of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن طرف
ت د ط
From the tip of the tongue
And what is parallel to it of the roots of the
upper central incisors.
The tongue is raised from the back for the ط
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19. The Tip of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن طرف
ز س ص
From the tip of the tongue
And what is above the lower incisors, the
plate of the teeth.
There is a small space between the tip of
the tongue and the plate of the lower
incisors.
The tongue is raised from the back for the
ص
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20. The Tip of the
Tongue
اﻟﻠﺳﺎن طرف
ث ذ ظ
From the tip of the tongue and
what is parallel to it of the edge of the
upper central incisors.
The tongue is raised from the back for the ظ
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21. The Lips
This is a general region, which has two specific points of
articulation.
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22. The Lips
ف
The inside of the lower lip with the edge of
the upper central incisors.
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23. The Lips
و
The lips are rounded into the shape of a
dhamma.
Note: This is the makhraj for و when it has a
vowel, or is sakin but preceded by a fatha.
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24. The Lips
م ب
These two letters are formed by closing the
lips.
Some scholars state that the ب is from the
wet part of the lips and the م is from the dry
part of the lips.
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25. The Nasal Cavity اﻟﺧﯾﺷوم
This is the articulation point for ghunna (nasal sound).
Ghunna is a permanent quality of two letters (م )ن, and does not have an
opposite quality.
We also use the sound of ghunna in the noon sakinah and tanween rules and
meem sakinah rules.
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26. Review Questions
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1. How many regions are there?
2. What is the region with the most points of articulation?
3. Which regions have only one point of articulation, but no letters originate
from them?
4. Which region has only two points of articulation?
5. What is the difference of opinion among scholars about the number of
points of articulation?
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