A data stream is a process that reads or sends data from/to one resource or location. There are two types of streams: byte streams for binary data and character streams for Unicode text data. Java's IO package provides classes for input and output streams to read from and write to various sources like files, networks, and memory. Reader and Writer classes handle text data while InputStream and OutputStream classes handle bytes. Buffered streams improve performance by using buffering. To read/write files, FileReader/FileWriter or FileInputStream/FileOutputStream are used.

1. Data Stream
“Stream is a process to read a data from 1 resource or send
a data to another location.”

2. What is Stream
• All data in JAVA platform was read and write by Stream
• Stream is a process to read a data from 1 resource and
send a data to another location.
• Example :
– Read and write file at and to Harddisk
– Read and write text to console
– Read and write to network
• Stream has 2 type :
– Stream Byte (8bit): File for binary data
– Stream Character (16bit) : File for Unicode data

3. Character Stream

4. Byte Stream

5. Java.io Hierarchy
• Package java.io was develop to make easy for
user to do an various type for input or output
process such as Objects, Strings and Bytes.
• It also design in order to receive input and
output from various source such as keyboard,
network and disk.

6. I/O Stream
• To READ, a program will open STREAM at a resource
(file, memory, socket) and READ an information in
sequential.
• And to WRITE, a program will send an information to a
destination. It will open a STREAM and it will WRITE an
information in sequential
• hhhhhhhhhhhhh

7. Reader and Writer
• Use for READ and WRITE text data
• It more easy then InputStream and
OutputStream
• For fast performance, use a buffering facility,
Example : BufferedReader.

8. Reader
• To READ a text by paragraph, use below
technique :
– File f = new Fine (“C:OOPMyText.txt”);
– FileReader fr = mew FileReader(f);
– BufferedReader fin = new BufferedReader(fr);
• FileReader is a lane that provide to read a File.
• BufferedReader wrap a FileReader in order to
make input process using buffering technique.

9. Input DataStream

10. Input DataStream

11. Reader vs Writer
• Reader
– BufferedReader
– CharArrayReader
– FilterReader
– InputStreamReader
– FileReader
– PipedReader
– StringReader
• Writer
– BufferedWriter
– CharArrayWriter
– FilterWriter
– OutputStreamWriter
– FileWriter
– PipedWriter
– StringWriter
– PrintWriter

12. Reader
• After BufferedReader formed, String will be
taken with a readLine() method that use to
return a String value.
• To display a data it will use print() or println().

13. Writer
• Use to WRITE a text line by line use following
technique :
– File f = new File (“C:OOPMyText.txt”);
– FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f);
– PrintWriter fin = new PrintWriter(fw);
• A file will be process to be FileWriter that is
needed for output.
• PrintWriter is needed in order to make program
can use a print() and println() method.

14. Output Stream

15. Output DataStream

16. Stream Byte
• Actually stream byte divide by 2 class :
InputStream and OutputStream
• InputStream and OutStream is a higher level
in java.io package.

17. Stream Byte
• InputStream and OutStream is a class for
stream I/O that use to READ and WRITE a data
from and to file.
• For READ a file, we use : FileInputStream
• For WRITE a file, we use : FileOutputStream

18. InputStream vs OutputStream

19. How to use a byte stream?
INPUT STREAM OUTPUT STREAM
Create object that oriented with source
data.
Eg : FileInputStream
Create object that oriented with
destination data.
Eg : BufferedWriter
Read information from stream by using
object method.
Eg : read()
Write an information to stream by using
object method.
Eg : write()
When complete, close method will be
call.
When complete, closure method will be
call.