The document discusses the key components inside a computer system unit including the motherboard, processor, memory, expansion slots, ports, and buses. It explains how the processor executes instructions through a machine cycle of fetching, decoding, executing, and storing. Memory is described as either volatile RAM or non-volatile ROM/flash, and how it represents data through bits and bytes. The document also provides guidelines for cleaning the interior and exterior of a computer system unit.
Siskom SMK X-2 Pengantar Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer - incompleteHendri Winarto
Presentasi materi Sistem Komputer SMK Kelas X Semester 2, Materi Pokok Pengantar Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer. Slide belum lengkap dan akan dituntaskan pada waktunya.
Siskom SMK X-2 Pengantar Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer - incompleteHendri Winarto
Presentasi materi Sistem Komputer SMK Kelas X Semester 2, Materi Pokok Pengantar Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer. Slide belum lengkap dan akan dituntaskan pada waktunya.
This is the profile of Participants fo PGPEx batch. The average experience of the batch is 5 years. And we have a diverse batch profile. If you are interested in any particular candidate or if you are interested in campus placements. Kindly contact us at the mail ID stated in Brochure. If any clarifications kindly post in comments.
Esityksessä kuvataan Turun seudun ulkoista elinvoimaa suhteessa muihin suuriin kaupunkiseutuihin. Esitys painottuu erityisesti Turun seudun elinvoimaan alue- ja kuntatalouden, työllisyyden ja muuttovetovoiman osalta.
Keeping SharePoint Always On - High Availability and Disaster Recovery are two topics that frequently come up. But how do you architect and build your SharePoint environment in order to meet these requirements? This session will look into the various designs for SharePoint and SQL to help you decide on the best approach for your SharePoint Implementation.
Computer Architecture and Organization.pptxLearnersCoach
Computer architecture is the definition of basic attributes of hardware components and their interconnections, in order to achieve certain specified goals in terms of functions and performance. Computer Architecture refers to those attributes of a system that have a direct impact on the logical execution of a program. Examples:
- the instruction set
- the number of bits used to represent various data types
- I/O mechanisms
- memory addressing techniques
Read More: https://www.learnerscoach.co.ke/introduction-to-computer-architecture/
Computer organization: the design and physical arrangement of various hardware units to work in tandem, in a orderly manner, in order to achieve the goals specified in the architecture.
Read More: https://www.learnerscoach.co.ke/introduction-to-computer-architecture-part2/
Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition Chapter 2 - The Sys...yaminohime
Objectives
- Understand how data and programs are represented to a computer and be able to identify a few of the coding systems used to accomplish this.
- Explain the functions of the hardware components commonly found inside the system unit, such as the CPU, memory, buses, and expansion cards.
- Describe how new peripheral devices or other hardware can be added to a computer.
- Understand how the computer system’s CPU and memory components process program instructions and data.
- Name and evaluate several strategies that can be used today for speeding up the operations of a computer.
- List some technologies that may be used in the future computers.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
2. Objectives Overview
Differentiate among various
styles of system units on
desktop computers,
notebook computers, and
mobile devices
Describe the control unit
and arithmetic logic unit
components of a processor,
and explain the four steps in
a machine cycle
Define a bit and describe
how a series of bits
represents data
Differentiate among the
various types of memory
2
3. Objectives Overview
Describe the purpose
and types of expansion
slots and adapter cards
Differentiate between a
port and a connector,
and explain the
differences among a USB
port and other ports
Describe the types of
buses in a computer
Understand how to clean
a system unit on a
computer or mobile
device
3
4. The System Unit
• The system unit is a case that contains electronic
components of the computer used to process data
• Also called the chassis
4
5. The System Unit
• The inside of the system unit on a desktop
personal computer includes:
Drive bay(s)
Power supply
Sound card
Video card
Processor
Memory
Motherboard
ports
Bus Line
5
6. The System Unit
• The motherboard is the main circuit board of the
system unit
– A computer chip contains integrated circuits
– Contain expansion slots,
processor chips,
memory slots.
– Also called system board
6
7. Processor
• The processor, also called the central processing
unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic
instructions that operate a computer
– Contain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit
(ALU)
Multi-core
processor
Dual-core
processor
Quad-core
processor
7
8. multi-core processor
• A multi-core processor is a
single computing component with two or more
independent actual processors (called "cores"), which
are the units that read and execute program
instructions.[1] The instructions are ordinary CPU
instructions such as add, move data, and branch, but
the multiple cores can run multiple instructions at the
same time, increasing overall speed for programs
amenable to parallel computing.[
• used across many application domains including
general-purpose,embedded, network, digital signal
processing (DSP), and graphics.
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition
Chapter 4
8
9. Dual-core processor
• A dual-core processor has two cores (e.g. AMD
Phenom II X2, Intel Core Duo)
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition
Chapter 4
9
10. Quad-core processor
• a quad-core processor contains four cores (e.g.
AMD Phenom II X4, Intel's quad-core processors,
see i3, i5, and i7 at Intel Core)
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition
Chapter 4
10
11. Processor
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 4, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Multi-Core
Processors below Chapter 4
11
12. Processor
• The control unit is the component of the
processor that directs and coordinates most of
the operations in the computer
• The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs
arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
12
13. Processor : Machine cycle
( how processor work)
• For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of
four basic operations, which comprise a machine
1 cycle: Instruction
cycle
st
cycle (step 1 & 2)
2nd cycle: Execution
cycle (step 3 & 4)
13
14. Processor
The system clock controls the
timing of all computer
operations
•The pace of the system clock is called
the clock speed, and is measured in
gigahertz (GHz)
14
15. Data Representation
Most computers are digital
Digital signals are in one of two states: on or off
• The binary system uses two unique digits (0 and 1) called
bits
• Bits – binary digits
• Bytes – eight bits grouped together as a unit
• Provides enough different combination of 0s and 1s to
represent 256 individual characters ( numbers,
uppercase, lowercase, punctuation mark and other)
15
16. Data Representation
A computer circuit represents
the 0 or the 1 electronically by
the presence or absence of an
electrical charge
Eight bits grouped together as a
unit are called a byte. A byte
represents a single character in
the computer
16
20. Memory
• Memory consists of electronic components that
store instructions waiting to be executed by the
processor, data needed by those instructions, and
the results of processing the data
• Stores three basic categories of items:
The operating
system and other
system software
Application
programs
Data being
processed and the
resulting
information
20
21. Memory
• Each location in memory has an address
• Memory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K),
megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes
(TB)
21
22. Memory
• The system unit contains two types of memory:
Volatile memory
Nonvolatile memory
Loses its contents when
power is turned off
Does not lose contents
when power is removed
Example includes RAM
Examples include ROM,
flash memory, and
CMOS
22
23. Memory: RAM
• Also know as primary storage/ primary memory/
main storage/ internal storage/ main memory.
• Memory keeps the instruction and data for
whatever programs you happen to be using at
the moment.
• Memory chips that can be read from and written
to by processor.
• The more RAM a computer has, the faster it
responds.
23
27. Memory: Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
• Must be continuously refreshed by CPU or it loses
its contents.
• Used for personal computer memory because of
its size and cost advantage.
27
28. Memory: Static RAM (SRAM)
• Retains its contents with intervention from CPU
• Faster and more expensive than DRAM
• static RAM chips are preferred when energy
efficiency is a concern.
• Static RAM chips are often used in cars, household
appliances and handheld electronic devices
28
29. Memory
• The amount of RAM necessary in a computer
often depends on the types of software you plan
to use
• Memory cache speeds the processes of the
computer because it stores frequently used
instructions and data
29
31. Memory: ROM
Read-only memory (ROM) refers to memory
chips storing permanent data and instructions
• It is not lost when computers power is turned off.
• Contains program and data permanently recorded into
memory at the factory
• Cannot be changed by user
• Not volatile : contents do not disappear when power
is lost.
31
32. Memory
• Flash memory can be
erased electronically
and rewritten
• Used with PDSs, smart
phone, printers, digital
cameras, automotive
devices, audio players,
digital voice recorders
and pages.
32
33. Memory : CMOS
– CMOS technology provides high speeds and
consumes little power
– Stand for Complementary Metal-Oxide
Semiconductor memory.
– Used in some RSM chips, flash memory chips
and other types of memory chips.
– Uses battery power to retain information when
other power is turned off
– Stores date, time and computers startup
information.
33
34. Memory
• Access time is the amount of time it takes the
processor to read from memory
– Measured in nanoseconds
34
35. Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
• An expansion slot is a
socket on the motherboard
that can hold an adapter
card
• An adapter card enhances
functions of a component of
the system unit and/or
provides connections to
peripherals
– Sound card and video card
35
36. • An ExpressCard module adds memory, storage, sound,
fax/modem, communications and other capabilities to
notebook computers.
36
37. Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
• Removable flash memory includes:
– Memory cards, USB flash drives, and PC
Cards/ExpressCard modules
37
38. Ports and Connectors
A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to or
communicates with a system unit (sometimes referred to as
a jack)
A connector joins a cable to a port
5 categories of ports: serial ports, parallel port, USB port,
FireWire ports, Special-purpose ports.
38
40. Ports and Connectors
• On a notebook computer, the ports are on the
back, front, and/or sides
40
41. Ports and Connectors
• A USB port can connect up to 127 different
peripherals together with a single connector
– You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB
port with a USB hub
41
42. Ports and Connectors
• Other types of ports include:
Firewire
port
Bluetooth
port
SCSI port
eSATA port
IrDA port
MIDI port
42
43. Ports and Connectors
• A port replicator is an
external device that
provides connections to
peripherals through ports
built into the device
• A docking station is an
external device that
attaches to a mobile
computer or device
43
44. Buses
• A bus allows the various
devices both inside and
attached to the system unit
to communicate with each
other
– Data bus
– Address bus
• A computer can have these
basic types of buses:
– System bus
: connect processor and RAM
– Backside bus
: determines number of bits
transmitted at one time.
– Expansion bus
: allows processor to
communicate with
peripherals
44
45. Bays
• A bay is an opening
inside the system unit in
which you can install
additional equipment
– A drive bay typically
holds disk drives
45
46. Power Supply
The power supply converts the wall
outlet AC power into DC power
Some external peripherals have an AC
adapter, which is an external power
supply
46
47. Putting It All Together
Home
Intel Core 2 Quad or
Intel Core 2 Duo or AMD
Sempron
Minimum RAM: 2 GB
Small Office/
Home Office
Intel Core i7 or
Intel Core i7 Extreme or
AMD Athlon X2 or AMD
Athlon II X2 Dual-Code
Mobile
Intel Core i7 Extreme or
AMD Turion X2
Minimum RAM: 2 GB
Minimum RAM: 4 GB
47
48. Putting It All Together
Power
Enterprise
Intel Itanium 2 or
AMD 6-Core Opteron or
Intel Quad Core Xeon
Intel Core i7 or
Intel Core i7 Extreme or
AMD Athlon X2 or AMD
Athlon II X2 Dual-Core
Minimum RAM: 8 GB
Minimum RAM: 4 GB
48
49. Keeping Your Computer
or Mobile Device Clean
Clean your computer or mobile device once or twice a year
Turn off and unplug your computer or mobile device before
cleaning it
Use compressed air to blow away dust
Use an antistatic wipe to clean the exterior of the case and a
cleaning solution and soft cloth to clean the screen
49
50. Summary
Components of the
system unit
How memory stores
data, instructions, and
information
Comparison of various
personal computer
processors on the
market today
Sequence of operations
that occur when a
computer executes an
instruction
How to clean the
exterior and interior of
a system unit
50