1) Japan expanded into Korea and Manchuria in the early 1900s seeking new markets and resources as well as to demonstrate its strength to Western powers. 2) Japan allied with Britain in 1902 due to shared interests in countering Russian expansion, and defeated Russia in the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War, gaining control of Korea and influence in Manchuria. 3) Rapid modernization and industrialization created social and economic problems for Japan, and its military grew more influential in politics seeking to establish Japanese dominance in Asia.

1. CHAPTER 20 Section 1: The British Empire in the Postwar Era Section 2: Turkey, Persia, and Africa Section 3: Unrest in China Section 4: Imperialism in Japan Section 5: Latin America Between the Wars Nationalist Movements Around the World

2. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Japanese Expansion How Why alliance with Great Britain war with Russia Treaty of Portsmouth Bell Ringer 20.4: What were some of the methods and reasons for Japanese expansion?

3. Dancing the foxtrot. Listening to jazz. Playing baseball. This was Japan in the 1920s …. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

4. Two reasons for expansion New territory would provide raw materials for its factories and markets for its products. It would show the West just how much Japan had progressed. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan The Meiji Restoration had changed Japan into a modern industrial and military power. Now Japan would expand beyond its islands ….

5. Korea and Manchuria SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Japan wanted Korea … The Japanese also wanted Manchuria but Russia stood in the way …

6. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan 1902 ~ Anglo-Japanese Alliance … what would bring GB into an alliance with Japan? The threat of Russian expansion. Japan is now playing with the BIG DOGS! Russia is pressured to withdraw …. And refuses to answer Japan’s demands.

7. Political Cartoon Imperialism in Japan Japan to the Great Bear, Chicago Tribune , January 6, 1904

8. Russo-Japanese War 1904 Feb 1904 – Japan attacks Port Arthur & badly damages the Russian fleet Japan overruns Korea and pushes Russia back through Manchuria Battle of Muken – heavy losses for both sides; Russia withdraws SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

9. Battle of Tsushima All the Russian battleships had been destroyed, 4 of the 8 cruisers, and 7 of the 9 destroyers were sunk, 4,830 Officers and Sailors died, many others wounded or captured. The Japanese lost 3 destroyers and some 699 men. All but 3 of the Russian ships that had sailed into Tsushuma Straits were sunk, captured or interned. The 3 limped into Vladisvostok. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

10. Visual Source Imperialism in Japan President Teddy Roosevelt was asked to broker the peace between Russia and Japan. The Portsmouth Treaty ended the Russo-Japanese War – 5 Sept 1905.

11. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan The treaty eliminated Japan’s competition in Manchuria. It forced the other powers to respect Japan’s strength. When Japan annexed Korea in 1910, none of the other Imperialist powers protested.

12. Problems of Modernization SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan In less than fifty years, Japan went from a feudal agricultural society to one of the world’s leading industrial and military powers. This leap created problems for the island nation.

13. Increasing Population People were living longer. cities grew rapidly and land was scarce food production could not match growth US prohibited immigration SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

14. Economic Trouble Did not have many raw materials needed for industries Had to import materials Had to sell goods abroad – but many countries had passed tariffs to protect their own economies The Japanese economy had to expand or collapse! SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

15. Social Tensions ~ Westernization All this great development had changed traditional Japanese attitudes. Industrial workers organized and called for strikes for better conditions & pay. Tenant farms demanded lower rents. Intellectuals argued for democratic reforms. Young Japanese began to question traditional values ~ new ideas ~ work roles changed ~ women took jobs! SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

16. Growing Influence of the Military Political leaders could not cope. Military began to increase its influence. Japanese military were virtually independent of the civilian government. Militarism grew in Japan and this began to influence social, economic & political policies. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan

17. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan The Japanese military believed that Western nations could never treat Japan as an equal. The military insisted on a return to traditional Japanese values. They called for a larger army and navy to support a Japanese “Monroe Doctrine” = Asia for Asians with JAPAN as the controlling power.

18. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Keep It Up Russia , Brooklyn Eagle , February 2, 1904

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23. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan A Hard Feat with Those Clothes On , Chicago Tribune , February 6, 1904

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27. SECTION 4 Imperialism in Japan Japanese Expansion How Why alliance with Great Britain support against Russia war with Russia take Russian control in Korea Treaty of Portsmouth end of war, gave Japan control in China and Korea

28. Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 20 1. How did the military affect Japan’s government? 2. How did cultural issues affect nationalistic movements in Africa? 3. How did economic issues influence political events in Latin America?