How do you write a master's thesis? Prof. Laura Black guides students from the Master of Advanced Studies in Humanitarian Logistics and Management through the process.
How do you write a master's thesis? Prof. Laura Black guides students from the Master of Advanced Studies in Humanitarian Logistics and Management through the process.
important characteristics for presenting an outstanding dissertation in compu...Tutors India
Your thesis itself ought to contain just necessary data that straightforwardly add to addressing your examination question in computer programming companies. Archives you have utilized that don't find a way into the primary body of your thesis says Tutors Indi
The lecture discusses the peer review process and its type, paper rejection type, Common errors that lead to rejection, Desk Rejection (Rejection without Peer Review), How to write, and read, a PAPER rejection letter, The most common options for next steps after rejection, Tips for responding to reviewer comments on your manuscript, How to answer reviewers for a journal paper revision?. 7th tips for deciding what to change. How to write a great rebuttal/response letter, Letter to Editor, and Letter to reviewers, finally the presenter will show some case studies.
Research Tools Box - The Effective Use of Research Tools BoxNader Ale Ebrahim
•Find literature associated with the topic.
•Search and analyze the literature.
•Evaluate the paper before reading.
•Cite literature properly.
•Make a summary table of reviewed papers.
•Avoid plagiarism.
•Write a journal article based on literature review.
Direction regarding how to Produce a fantastic Research Proposalmoriancvz3
Therefore you are questioned to write down a investigation paper so you are rearing to go. You have all of it figured out and you'll barely wait around to dive in and begin… perfectly, investigating. But hold on! Have you ever accomplished your investigation proposal?
محاضرة تناقش اهمية العلم والبحث العلمى بداية من الهدف من البحث العلمى والفرق بين الباحث والعالم وتشرحقيمة معادة العلماء ثم كيفية تحديد المشكلة ومواصفاتها واهمية المدارس العلمية واعطاء مثال على مدرسة بحثية ناجحة ثم كيفية كتابة البحث ةقراءة البحث وكيفية تقديمة للمجلة ثم كيفة التعامل مع البحث المرفوض والاخطاء التى يجب الا يعملها الباحث ثم الجوائز
An earlier version 1.0 can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/xqin74/how-to-write-papers-part-1-principles/edit?src=slideview
5 Simple Steps to Write a Good Research Paper Title
1. Ask yourself these questions and make note of the answers What is my paper about? What techniques/ designs were used? Who/what is studied? What were the results?
2. Use your answers to list key words.
3. Create a sentence that includes the key words you listed.
4. Delete all unnecessary/repetitive words and link the remaining.
5. Delete non-essential information and reword the title.
We suggest you to watch this presentation in case you are looking for an Outline example for your Dissertation Proposal. More tips are given in this article https://essay-academy.com/account/blog/dissertation-proposal-outline
important characteristics for presenting an outstanding dissertation in compu...Tutors India
Your thesis itself ought to contain just necessary data that straightforwardly add to addressing your examination question in computer programming companies. Archives you have utilized that don't find a way into the primary body of your thesis says Tutors Indi
The lecture discusses the peer review process and its type, paper rejection type, Common errors that lead to rejection, Desk Rejection (Rejection without Peer Review), How to write, and read, a PAPER rejection letter, The most common options for next steps after rejection, Tips for responding to reviewer comments on your manuscript, How to answer reviewers for a journal paper revision?. 7th tips for deciding what to change. How to write a great rebuttal/response letter, Letter to Editor, and Letter to reviewers, finally the presenter will show some case studies.
Research Tools Box - The Effective Use of Research Tools BoxNader Ale Ebrahim
•Find literature associated with the topic.
•Search and analyze the literature.
•Evaluate the paper before reading.
•Cite literature properly.
•Make a summary table of reviewed papers.
•Avoid plagiarism.
•Write a journal article based on literature review.
Direction regarding how to Produce a fantastic Research Proposalmoriancvz3
Therefore you are questioned to write down a investigation paper so you are rearing to go. You have all of it figured out and you'll barely wait around to dive in and begin… perfectly, investigating. But hold on! Have you ever accomplished your investigation proposal?
محاضرة تناقش اهمية العلم والبحث العلمى بداية من الهدف من البحث العلمى والفرق بين الباحث والعالم وتشرحقيمة معادة العلماء ثم كيفية تحديد المشكلة ومواصفاتها واهمية المدارس العلمية واعطاء مثال على مدرسة بحثية ناجحة ثم كيفية كتابة البحث ةقراءة البحث وكيفية تقديمة للمجلة ثم كيفة التعامل مع البحث المرفوض والاخطاء التى يجب الا يعملها الباحث ثم الجوائز
An earlier version 1.0 can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/xqin74/how-to-write-papers-part-1-principles/edit?src=slideview
5 Simple Steps to Write a Good Research Paper Title
1. Ask yourself these questions and make note of the answers What is my paper about? What techniques/ designs were used? Who/what is studied? What were the results?
2. Use your answers to list key words.
3. Create a sentence that includes the key words you listed.
4. Delete all unnecessary/repetitive words and link the remaining.
5. Delete non-essential information and reword the title.
We suggest you to watch this presentation in case you are looking for an Outline example for your Dissertation Proposal. More tips are given in this article https://essay-academy.com/account/blog/dissertation-proposal-outline
This is my dissertation proposal presentation. The dissertation is "Enterprise 2.0 - Using web2.0 tools to improve collaboration and knowledge sharing in the enterprise."
Format for writing dissertation proposalEssayAcademy
Take a few minutes of your time to find out how to format a Dissertation Proposal. Don't forget to read this article https://essay-academy.com/account/blog/dissertation-proposal-format
Design Thinking as innovation tool for Smart Nation: Cancer healthcareShah Widjaja
Presentation done as part of Singapore Design Week Festival 2017
Summary:
How does design thinking change mindsets and culture so that a nation like Singapore can continue to innovate and lead the transformation for a better future? Harnessing the power of design thinking to build a ‘Smart Nation’ for Singapore, this workshop aims to give audiences the opportunity to realize the potential this methodology has.
A user-centered way of solving problems, design thinking involves collaboration across user segments, through strategies like customer journey mapping, design research and rapid prototyping. While design is often used to describe an end-product, in reality if applied properly, can be used to address problems or issues across a variety of field including social issues.
The technologies and people we are designing experiences for are constantly changing, in most cases they are changing at a rate that is difficult keep up with. When we think about how our teams are structured and the design processes we use in light of this challenge, a new design problem (or problem space) emerges, one that requires us to focus inward. How do we structure our teams and processes to be resilient? What would happen if we looked at our teams and design process as IA’s, Designers, Researchers? What strategies would we put in place to help them be successful? This talk will look at challenges we face leading, supporting, or simply being a part of design teams creating experiences for user groups with changing technological needs.
An immersive workshop at General Assembly, SF. I typically teach this workshop at General Assembly, San Francisco. To see a list of my upcoming classes, visit https://generalassemb.ly/instructors/seth-familian/4813
I also teach this workshop as a private lunch-and-learn or half-day immersive session for corporate clients. To learn more about pricing and availability, please contact me at http://familian1.com
3 Things Every Sales Team Needs to Be Thinking About in 2017Drift
Thinking about your sales team's goals for 2017? Drift's VP of Sales shares 3 things you can do to improve conversion rates and drive more revenue.
Read the full story on the Drift blog here: http://blog.drift.com/sales-team-tips
What is the Theoretical Framework? Mention the Strategies Used for Developing...PhD Assistance
The Theoretical Framework explains the path of research and ground it in the theoretical construct.
Theoretical Framework of a Dissertation or Thesis consultation explores unstudied areas by observing previous research to identify the purpose of work and discuss existing knowledge.
The theoretical framework is a structure that holds support from the theory that is closely related to your research. While developing your Theoretical Framework we Help to describe and introduces the theory which explains why the research problem is important to do research.
In, many cases, the theories formulated to explain, predict and understand phenomena and to extend existing knowledge within the limits of critical assumption. The theoretical framework is framed by collecting information from the various literature review, analytical models, theories that are relevant to your study
PhD Assistance is a Best Academic Dissertation Writing Service & Consulting Support Company established in 2001.
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Following the Topic Selection Guidelines below, choose an argumentat.docxalfred4lewis58146
Following the Topic Selection Guidelines below, choose an argumentative topic to research. This will be your topic throughout the entire course, so the activities required for this assignment will provide the foundation for your future Touchstones. The topic for an argumentative research paper must be a debatable topic, meaning that it involves conflicting viewpoints. Additionally, it cannot be a topic that is already decided or agreed upon by most of society. You will need to take a firm position on the topic and use evidence and logic to support the position. Touchstone 1.2 includes a research question, a working thesis, a detailed outline, and a reflection on this pre-writing process.
A. Topic Selection Guidelines
DIRECTIONS:
You may choose any topic you wish as long as the topic has two clear sides and is not agreed upon by most of society. Your topic should be current, appropriate for an academic context and should have a focus suitable for a 6-8 page essay.
B. Research Guidelines
DIRECTIONS:
Refer to the list below throughout the writing process. Do not submit your Touchstone until it meets these guidelines.
1. Research Question and Working Thesis
Keep in mind:
The research question and working thesis are the driving force behind your research and eventual argument.
❒ Your research question should be a single sentence, framed as a question.
❒ Your working thesis should be a single focused sentence, framed as a statement that takes a clear position on the research question.
❒ Include your research question followed by your working thesis.
2. Detailed Outline
Keep in mind:
Your detailed outline provides a map of the argumentative research essay that you will write, including your key claims and the sources that support them. You may not have all your sources yet, and that is fine. The outline is a way to organize your essay and determine which areas (e.g. your sub-points) will require researched evidence as support.
❒ Headings: one for each paragraph with a brief label of the paragraph’s controlling idea(s); at least 7 body paragraphs, an introduction, and a conclusion
❒ Introduction includes your working thesis.
❒ Body paragraphs should each have their own unique title and key points.
❒ Conclusion includes notes on your final thoughts.
❒ Subheadings: two to five for each paragraph, below each heading, indicating key points that support the controlling idea
❒ Sources: one to three for each subheading, as relevant, indicating the support for the key point
❒ For each source, include the author’s name and the idea or information relevant to your argument (e.g. “Lappé on mono-cropping corn/soy and production”).
3. Reflection
❒ Have you displayed a clear understanding of the research activities?
❒ Have you answered all reflection questions thoughtfully and included insights, observations, and/or examples in all responses?
❒ Are your answers included on a separate page below the main assignment?
C. Reflection Que.
This is the second video in our Twilight Zone qualitative research support session. Here Helen and Katrina discuss Qualitative Research Theses and walkthough chapter-by-chapter. This was a hybrid event. A video is available from the Breaking Binaries Research Website: https://breakingbinariesresearch.wordpress.com/
Criteria Ratings PointsThread 25 to 22.0 ptsAdvancedCruzIbarra161
Criteria Ratings Points
Thread 25 to >22.0 pts
Advanced
• All key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The
thread has a clear,
logical flow. Major
points are stated
clearly. • Major
points are supported
by good examples or
thoughtful analysis.
22 to >20.0 pts
Proficient
• All Key
components of the
Discussion topic are
answered in the
thread. • The thread
has a logical flow.
Major points are
stated. • Major
points are supported
by examples or
analysis.
20 to >18.0 pts
Developing
• The Discussion
topic is addressed.
• The thread lacks
flow and content.
Major points are
unclear or
confusing. • Major
points include
minimal examples
or analysis.
18 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• The Discussion
topic is
addressed
minimally or not
at all. • The
thread lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
• Points of
discussion are
not supported by
examples or
analysis.
0 pts
Not
Present
25 pts
Replies 10 to >9.0 pts
Advanced
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply is a
unique contribution
that reflects
thoughtful analysis
of topic and thread.
9 to >8.0 pts
Proficient
• Two replies that
directly address
related threads;
• Each reply
contributes to the
discussion and
reflects an analysis
of topic and thread.
8 to >7.0 pts
Developing
• Two replies that
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks flow and
content. Replies
are unclear or
confusing.
7 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• Two replies that
minimally
address related
threads; • Each
reply lacks
content.
Discussion points
are unclear,
confusing or not
discussed at all.
0 pts
Not
Present
10 pts
Discussion Grading Rubric | EDCO811_B01_202230
Criteria Ratings Points
Grammar,
spelling,
APA
citation (if
applicable),
word count
15 to >13.0 pts
Advanced
• Spelling and
grammar are
correct. Sentences
are complete, clear,
and concise.
• Paragraphs
contain appropriately
varied sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are cited
in current APA
format. • Minimum
word count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
13 to >12.0 pts
Proficient
• Spelling and
grammar has some
errors. Sentences
are presented as
well. • Paragraphs
contain some varied
sentence structures.
Where applicable,
references are cited
with some current
APA formatting.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met or exceeded.
12 to >11.0 pts
Developing
• Spelling and
grammar errors
distract. Select
sentences are
incomplete or
unclear.
• Paragraphs
include varied
sentence
structures. Where
applicable,
references are
minimally cited in
current APA format.
• Minimum word
count of 500
(thread), and 350
(replies) words are
met.
11 to >0.0 pts
Below
Expectations
• ...
Reading academic papers is one of the most important parts of scientific research. However, junior graduate students may spend a lot of time learning how to read papers efficiently and effectively. In this talk, I will discuss some basic issues and introduce useful websites/tools/tips for paper reading.
Reflections on elements of style in communication of your analysis of data in research among the urban poor. Turning research data into the basis of a Transformational Conversation that results in structural engagement in change.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
5. Developing an idea
Expanding an idea Use mind-mapping to
Where is the problem? reveal more
Keywording connections (linear
notes DON’T work!) Developing
an idea
Case Theory
Study
Can you
broaden the Use Google Scholar to
case study? see how other authors
have used your sources
/ case study
Alternate between
analysing the case
study and revisiting the Are you glossing over
theory anything that needs
more detail?
6. Developing an idea
Techniques
Developing
an idea
Clustering
&Mindmapping Cubing
Post-it notes
Assumption Busting
Freewriting&
Looping Invisible writing
7. Developing a
question
Click here for link
to Dartmouth
Cas Direction/ Question/ Developing
e + Theor + Limitation
= Thesis
a question
Stud y
y
Can you see this formula in Dissertation titles
from previous years?
9. Proposal structure
Methodology>300
Main area
of research
>300
100
0
Proposal
structure
+ Bibliography
Discussion
Of theories
>300
10. Proposal structure
Keeping your word count down
Are you suggesting too
many research areas?
One or two questions
Are you referring to too many are enough
sources? Don’t forget your
Bibliography is annotated (and Proposal
excluded from the word count) structure
Are you writing things
that should be in the
actual Dissertation
instead? Don’t forget this
Are your quotes too long? is just a proposal
Use paraphrasing instead
Try a ‘backwards
outline’
11. Discussing theories
A survey of theories/findings relating to your project
It identifies prior research on your subject
It puts each work into context of your
project
It describes how each work relates to the
other
Literature
It identifies any gaps in the theory, and any Review
new ways to interpret the subject
12. Discussing theories
Tips for challenging authors
Why has the author taken the position they
have?
How does the context of the work (era, social,
political, etc.) affect it?
What different perspectives might there be?
Literature
Review
Can you think of examples that
support/challenge what they say?
Click here for link to
Dartmouth about
logical arguments
13. Methodology
How you intend to undertake your research
Explains your choice of case study
Explains your choice of theory
Details any parameters you need to set
Might indicate chapter-structure of dissertation
Methodolog
Might summarize content of each chapter y
14. Bibliography
Not included in your word count
Can be annotated
Comprehensive – not edited highlights
Can include the stuff you plan to read as
well as the stuff you’ve already read
Bibliography
These notes are adapted from a presentation given to Film Production students – the requirements for CGA and DFSA Dissertation Proposals are more flexible than may be indicated in this presentation – I will highlight any differences in the notes under each slide where appropriate!
If you need inspiration try looking back at the previous assignments you’ve been set while on your course – look at the questions you chose not to answer, and look at your notes to see if there were any ideas that maybe you didn’t include in your final essay, or which you did use but felt you could expand on further.You don’t necessarily have to write about the specialism you hope to practise when you graduate – this might be your last chance to really explore any different specialisms that you’re also interested in.WARNING ABOUT USING YOUR FAVOURITEST DIRECTOR OR FILM OR GAME AS A TOPIC: Sometimes the affection we have for particular films/directors/games etc. can blind us to the fact that they might not make ideal case-studies. Firstly, you can’t just be gushing in a dissertation, you have to be critical too – do you really feel comfortable about doing that to something you have so much affection for? Secondly, you’re going to be analysing that film/director/game repeatedly for several months – you won’t just be watching for enjoyment, as you may have done previously – will doing this kill your enthusiasm for it/them? Thirdly, there are bound to be stages where your project gets difficult – this can happen in any project and it’s usually temporary, but be aware it can be much more demoralizing when you’re using subject matter that’s close to your heart. This is not to say that it won’t all be worth it in the end - in the long term you will get huge satisfaction from being able to understand your film/director in so much more depth... however the research stage of a dissertation may test your affections to the limit.Finally, don’t rule out the Library, and your Librarian, as a source of inspiration as they have resources for generating ideas as well as the heavy intellectual stuff.For more information about techniques and strategies for inventing ideas try clicking on the link for an in-depth guide provided by Dartmouth (if you’re reading a print version of this presentation Google: ‘Dartmouth Coming Up With Your Topic’ and click on the first result that comes up.
There are two ingredients needed for your idea – a case study (e.g. a film or a director you plan to examine) and the theory/theories you plan to use with them. You can either use general arts theories (Feminism, identity, postmodernism, etc.) or specific ones that apply to your discipline (e.g. Classical Hollywood Narrative, Direct Cinema, etc.).You will probably find that the precise choice of case study and theories will evolve together and every refinement you make to one will affect the other.
You may have been able to avoid serious ideas-development for previous assignments but your dissertation is simply too big and too complex for you to get away with that strategy now. A good way to promote creativity is to regularly alternate between viewing your case study and exploring the theory (don’t rely on your ability to recall one while investigating the other – if you read some of the book and then watch some of the film straight away you’ll make more intellectual connections). Even if you don’t quite see a connection between the two, regular repeat viewings and readings will soon reveal things you’ve never noticed before.Also, try using non-linear notes to help you establish more connections between the theory and the case study – if you don’t like mind-mapping try using post-it notes which you can constantly rearrange according to your deductions and observations.Finally, if you’re stuck on interpreting a theory (or case study), try using the citations functionality of Google Scholar to see how others have interpreted them (just don’t forget to cite these influences if you borrow from them!).
Here are some alternative techniques for ideas development – for more information on how to do them just Google them. Then look for any websites from .edu or .ac domains in the results, as these will be websites for Colleges and Universities.
YOU DON’T NEED A FULLY FORMED DISSERTATION QUESTION FOR YOUR PROPOSAL... But it’s worth explaining now so you’re prepared for it later on.Your dissertation title can either be in the form of a question or a statement. Either way it should summarize the central ‘quest’ of your research, and as such should mention your case study, the theories you will be applying to it, and what direction it will be taking (along with any parameters/limits to your research).You can probably tell instinctively when a dissertation title is good or bad but this formula can help explain how and why. It may also help identify where any weakness might be in your research area.Another good page from the Dartmouth website is linked on this slide, once again, if you can’t access the link Google ‘Dartmouth Developing Your Thesis’ and click on the first result that comes up.
There’s no formal structure prescribed for your dissertation proposal, because the structure you choose will depend on the nature and subject of the topic you’ve chosen. However, you do need to include the following components: Some sort of description of your chosen research area (possibly including a tentative Dissertation Question), a discussion of the theories that are relevant to it, a methodology (i.e. how you will use the theories and the case study) and a bibliography. How formal you want to make your structure (and the order you want to cover these components in) is up to you – however, whatever the structure you must use Harvard-format referencing/citations and a Harvard-format Bibliography that’s located at the end of your proposal (and which is not included in your word count).
These figures are NOT prescriptive – the reason I used an arbitrary length of 300 words for each section on this slide is that I want you to think about how short a 1000 word essay is, and how concise you’ll need to be if you’ve got to squeeze in a methodology, some explanation of your research area and some discussion of the theories that underpin it. You may be at a stage in your research where one of these areas is more developed than the others – in which case these sections may not be of equal length in your proposal.
Once you've determined that you're meeting the requirements of the assignment, you'll want to get even more specific about what your essay says exactly. One way to do this is to create a "backwards outline." (It's "backwards" because it is written after rather than before the draft itself.) To do this, simply read your essay paragraph by paragraph. After each paragraph, determine the main idea of that section, and write the main idea in the margin of your draft. If you find more than one significant idea in a paragraph, write them both down. When you're finished, read over your marginal notes (or "outline") and look for connections - is there one central idea that each paragraph supports? If so, that's your main idea. If not, you'll probably want to look for an idea that most of the paragraphs support and consider dropping or rewriting paragraphs that don't support your focus.
Your discussion of theories, sometimes called aLiterature Review, is a survey of the intellectual debate that relates to your topic. This serves two purposes: at one level it provides a rationale for your research (it supports your discussion of the research area, in helping to justify why you’re bothering with this topic at all). It does this by identifying if there are any gaps in current theory, if there are any disagreements between authors and if there are any faults or problems with particular theories (perhaps in relation to your case study). The idea is that hopefully your chosen research area and proposed question will set out to answer one or more of these anomalies.At another level it also serves to show your reader where your research sits in the wider intellectual debates surrounding your research. As a result your Literature Review needs to give your research some context as well as some justification.NOTE TO CGA and DFSA – you don’t need a distinct section called ‘Literature Review’ in your proposal – just make sure you include some of this intellectual stuff somewhere in there to help justify your choice of research area.
If you’re struggling with challenging the ideas and theories put forward by the authors you’re investigating, try thinking of example films/games/genres/etc. that could reasonably be covered by those theories/ideas, but which don’t conform to them.You don’t need to just rely on the opinions of other authors to challenge a theory/idea – you can also use logic to disprove them. For a primer on using creating logical arguments Google ‘Dartmouth Logic Argument’ and click on the first result that comes up.
Your Methodology covers How you intend to do your research. Once again, you don’t need a distinct section called ‘Methodology’ but you do need to cover as much of this stuff as you can. There might be practical reasons for your choice of case study or theory (e.g. not all the films by a particular director might be on general release, or maybe you can only use a specific part of a theory because it’s too broad for a BA dissertation). Or there might be a series of assumptions that you need to define and explain in the dissertation to enable you to answer the bigger question you’ve set yourself. Or there might not be much literature on the theory you’re using, meaning that you’ve got to approach the authors for an interview. Whatever it is, this is you’re opportunity to explain the practical stuff about how your dissertation is going to happen.
What constitutes an ‘annotation’? It depends very much on why a source might be present in your bibliography or how you intend to use it. Just consider writing a sentence or two underneath each reference to give your reader a little context about it (e.g. why you’re using it, how you plan to use it, if/how it relates to other sources in your bibliography, whether it’s a key text for your dissertation or just a supporting theory, etc.). Your annotations don’t have to be deeply intellectual – you’re just giving your reader a little bit of insight into the research you’re doing.