The document discusses Ainsworth's computational fluid dynamics (CFD) services for data centers. CFD uses modeling and simulation to analyze airflow patterns and identify hot spots. It is imperative for data centers because computing densities have increased, changing cooling requirements. Ainsworth's 5-step CFD approach involves measuring airflow, identifying issues, constructing an "as-is" plan, evaluating data, and providing recommendations. CFD validates if a data center's design can still adequately cool current equipment loads.
American Electric Power (AEP) is implementing an integrated smart grid program called gridSMART to improve service quality, reliability, and efficiency. The program includes advanced metering infrastructure, distribution automation technologies, and consumer programs. AEP plans to deploy these technologies across its large service territory covering multiple states. As part of this effort, AEP is conducting a model city demonstration in South Bend, Indiana to test the integration of AMI, distribution management systems, and automated distribution devices. The goals are to improve outage response times, optimize the distribution system, and provide benefits to both customers and the utility.
The document provides an overview of AES GmbH, including their services, products, and representative contact information. AES GmbH is an electrical engineering and design firm located in Bremen, Germany that offers services such as electrical engineering, electronic design, quality management, and production. Their product lines include power systems like transformer-rectifiers and switch mode power supplies, as well as light systems including spot lights, work lights, and lighting controls.
Today’s data centers are virtualized, dynamic and more integral to business success
than ever. In these environments, power demands are growing increasingly volatile and vital to infrastructure and business performance.
For more information, visit: http://nimsoft.com/solutions/nimsoft-monitor/dcim/ecometer.html.
IBM Intelligent Building Management 2012IBM Danmark
IBM's Smarter Buildings solutions aim to optimize building operations through integrated physical and digital infrastructure. By reducing energy and operating costs, improving reliability and sustainability, Smarter Buildings provide visibility, control, and automation of building systems. The solutions also maintain safer and more secure workplaces while enabling real-time communication with external utilities and services.
The document discusses green IT and energy efficiency strategies at Austin Energy. It provides details on Austin Energy's initiatives to increase the use of renewable energy, improve energy efficiency in data centers and buildings, and reduce customers' energy use and carbon footprint through various rebate and incentive programs. The utility aims to power all of its facilities with 100% green energy by 2012 and meet 30% of the city's power needs through renewable sources by 2020.
This document discusses the concept of intelligent buildings, its principles and the benefits that it can bring to
organisations who adopt this philosophy within their real estate. Whilst most of its aspects can be replicated in different building types and industries, care should be taken of the context and purpose of the building. After all, although the purpose of buildings is the same regardless of industry – to enhance occupiers output – the actual
output differs per industry and, therefore, an intelligent building will mean something differently for an
educational establishment compared to an office block.
Within this document I focus on office buildings because in many respects they are one of the most complex and
fast changing environments that exist currently, but also because intelligent buildings is becoming a prime
discussion point either because of legislation (e.g. energy savings through the Carbon Reduction Commitment and Part L) or through increasing awareness of the impact that built assets have on the bottomline.
Care should be taken that the term “intelligence” should not only apply to the intelligence of the buildings
themselves through systems and ICT, but also in how far they are intelligently designed, built, run and
maintained.
The document discusses demand response (DR) programs that allow utilities to reduce energy consumption during peak demand periods. It notes that DR programs are necessary to ensure grid reliability as energy demand increases. The document outlines different DR implementation methods, emphasizing that automated approaches using real-time load monitoring and control provide increased reliability compared to manual methods. It also stresses that DR programs should minimize disruption to customer comfort and schedules to gain acceptance.
This document summarizes the key challenges and considerations for rolling out smart meters in the UK. It discusses the drivers for smart grids including cost savings and enabling renewable energy. Challenges include determining who pays for installation, establishing universal communication standards, and addressing customer concerns over privacy and security. Effective rollout will require overcoming technical issues through system design that considers full lifecycle security risks and achieving targets through continued stakeholder commitment.
American Electric Power (AEP) is implementing an integrated smart grid program called gridSMART to improve service quality, reliability, and efficiency. The program includes advanced metering infrastructure, distribution automation technologies, and consumer programs. AEP plans to deploy these technologies across its large service territory covering multiple states. As part of this effort, AEP is conducting a model city demonstration in South Bend, Indiana to test the integration of AMI, distribution management systems, and automated distribution devices. The goals are to improve outage response times, optimize the distribution system, and provide benefits to both customers and the utility.
The document provides an overview of AES GmbH, including their services, products, and representative contact information. AES GmbH is an electrical engineering and design firm located in Bremen, Germany that offers services such as electrical engineering, electronic design, quality management, and production. Their product lines include power systems like transformer-rectifiers and switch mode power supplies, as well as light systems including spot lights, work lights, and lighting controls.
Today’s data centers are virtualized, dynamic and more integral to business success
than ever. In these environments, power demands are growing increasingly volatile and vital to infrastructure and business performance.
For more information, visit: http://nimsoft.com/solutions/nimsoft-monitor/dcim/ecometer.html.
IBM Intelligent Building Management 2012IBM Danmark
IBM's Smarter Buildings solutions aim to optimize building operations through integrated physical and digital infrastructure. By reducing energy and operating costs, improving reliability and sustainability, Smarter Buildings provide visibility, control, and automation of building systems. The solutions also maintain safer and more secure workplaces while enabling real-time communication with external utilities and services.
The document discusses green IT and energy efficiency strategies at Austin Energy. It provides details on Austin Energy's initiatives to increase the use of renewable energy, improve energy efficiency in data centers and buildings, and reduce customers' energy use and carbon footprint through various rebate and incentive programs. The utility aims to power all of its facilities with 100% green energy by 2012 and meet 30% of the city's power needs through renewable sources by 2020.
This document discusses the concept of intelligent buildings, its principles and the benefits that it can bring to
organisations who adopt this philosophy within their real estate. Whilst most of its aspects can be replicated in different building types and industries, care should be taken of the context and purpose of the building. After all, although the purpose of buildings is the same regardless of industry – to enhance occupiers output – the actual
output differs per industry and, therefore, an intelligent building will mean something differently for an
educational establishment compared to an office block.
Within this document I focus on office buildings because in many respects they are one of the most complex and
fast changing environments that exist currently, but also because intelligent buildings is becoming a prime
discussion point either because of legislation (e.g. energy savings through the Carbon Reduction Commitment and Part L) or through increasing awareness of the impact that built assets have on the bottomline.
Care should be taken that the term “intelligence” should not only apply to the intelligence of the buildings
themselves through systems and ICT, but also in how far they are intelligently designed, built, run and
maintained.
The document discusses demand response (DR) programs that allow utilities to reduce energy consumption during peak demand periods. It notes that DR programs are necessary to ensure grid reliability as energy demand increases. The document outlines different DR implementation methods, emphasizing that automated approaches using real-time load monitoring and control provide increased reliability compared to manual methods. It also stresses that DR programs should minimize disruption to customer comfort and schedules to gain acceptance.
This document summarizes the key challenges and considerations for rolling out smart meters in the UK. It discusses the drivers for smart grids including cost savings and enabling renewable energy. Challenges include determining who pays for installation, establishing universal communication standards, and addressing customer concerns over privacy and security. Effective rollout will require overcoming technical issues through system design that considers full lifecycle security risks and achieving targets through continued stakeholder commitment.
Opower is an energy efficiency company that provides utilities with a customer engagement platform to help households save energy. It was founded in 2007 and has grown to over 200 employees. Opower works with over 50 utilities to deliver personalized energy reports, online tools, and alerts to over 10 million households. This has helped households save an average of 3-5% on their energy bills, totaling over $450 million in savings. A California utility saw continued higher savings each year working with Opower by integrating it with their systems to easily transfer usage data. Key to Opower's success is that its reports are opt-out rather than opt-in, and it has good relationships with utilities.
Reducing Energy Consumption from the Core to the Edge: The JouleX and Cisco E...JouleX
The document discusses how JouleX Energy Manager and Cisco EnergyWise can help organizations reduce energy consumption and costs. Key points:
1) JouleX Energy Manager monitors, analyzes, and controls energy usage across IT and facilities infrastructure to quickly identify waste and set policies.
2) Cisco EnergyWise extends this capability from the core to edge devices like PCs, phones, and access points without costly agents.
3) A case study found a large bank saved up to 50% on energy costs and estimated annual savings of €24 million using these solutions.
Austin Energy has implemented a smart grid program to modernize its electric grid. It installed smart meters for all 410,000 customers by 2009 and deployed a communications network to support the smart grid. The smart grid will help Austin Energy achieve goals like reducing outages, increasing customer satisfaction, and incorporating more renewable energy. It will also provide customers with tools to better manage their energy use and potentially save on bills.
The document discusses wireless challenges in oil fields, including harsh environments, security issues, coverage needs, and spectrum availability. It outlines goals like remote monitoring and management. Various applications are mentioned like well monitoring, tracking assets, and smart drilling. Network diagrams show connectivity from edge to core. Key challenges include temperature extremes, corrosion, uplink-heavy data flows, and limited spectrum options.
Coldset Printing Partners implemented an energy monitoring system to track and analyze its energy usage over time in order to reduce consumption by 10%. The system, provided by Energcon, uses sensors to log energy usage from each printing press every 15 minutes. This time-series data is stored in an IBM Informix database for easy access and analysis of trends. Using the insights gained, Coldset Printing Partners was able to reduce its energy usage by over 10% through operational adjustments. The scalable Informix solution ensured high performance for analyzing the large volumes of time-series energy data.
Maximize Your Data Center for Virtualization InitiativesSchneider Electric
Presentation focuses on the impact virtualization initiatives have on the data center and more importantly the critical
physical infrastructure supporting the data center. Virtualization is an IT strategy that can easily and quickly impact, with potential negative consequences, the reliability and availability of the data center. Understand the effects and some considerations in the implementation of virtualization.
The Sylacauga Utilities Board in Alabama deployed Cambium wireless broadband products to provide high-speed internet access to its customers. It first used 900 MHz radios to establish a reliable wireless link between towers over hilly, forested terrain. The network now covers 200 square miles and serves over 700 customers, as well as supports additional applications like SCADA and video security. Satisfied with Cambium's performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness, the utility plans to further expand broadband access and incorporate smart grid applications using Cambium's wireless solutions.
This document describes Matrikon Moore, a company that provides automation solutions and services for industries including oil & gas, chemicals, mining, and food & beverage. It specializes in DCS & PLC systems, production optimization, instrumentation, and safety shutdown systems. The company has over 20 years of experience implementing process automation projects around the world and prides itself on high-quality engineering and international certifications.
Bull is a European technology company that provides high-performance computing and cybersecurity solutions. It helps customers innovate with new technologies, optimize their infrastructure through outsourcing and cloud services, integrate critical business applications, and guarantee trust through cybersecurity products and services. Bull has a presence in over 50 countries and expertise in key verticals such as public sector, telecom, finance, energy, defense, and transportation.
This document provides information about RETScreen International, a renewable energy project analysis software made available by Natural Resources Canada. RETScreen can be used worldwide and free of charge to evaluate the energy production, life-cycle costs, and greenhouse gas emission reductions of various renewable energy technologies. The software contains models to analyze biomass heating projects through worksheets assessing energy production, heating loads, costs, and financial returns. Users are encouraged to register on the RETScreen website so that usage data can be collected and reported.
This document provides a corporate profile for Power Quality Asia Inc., which has been providing power quality solutions in the Philippines since 1997. It offers services including UPS systems, surge protection, power quality monitoring, and works with major partners for products in these areas. The profile describes Power Quality Asia's mission to be a leader in power quality solutions, lists some of its over 1,300 clients in industries like manufacturing, agriculture, and communications, and provides highlights about its partners' offerings.
Mr. John Bernaden
On Friday, September 25th, Alliance to Save Energy hosted “Smart Manufacturing: Modernization to Marketplace,” in the Rayburn House Office Building. This briefing, moderated by the Alliance’s Vice President of Programs, Jeffery Harris, explored the merits of smart technologies—including sensors and wireless controls—in a modern manufacturing environment.
[White Paper] Europe’s Window of Opportunity for Terminal OperatorsSchneider Electric
As Europe is going through an unprecedented financial and economic crisis,
the oil and gas industry continues to face an uncertain business environment.
Another recession could lead to reduced demand and further increase the
pressure on margins in downstream operations. This has suppliers and buyers
looking to exploit any operational efficiency they can.
Terminal operators play a critical role in helping suppliers and buyers achieve
those efficiencies, and can benefit their own operations while doing so. To gain
a competitive edge, terminal operators need to be mindful of the big trends
in the industry and make sure that their Terminal Automation System (TAS)
is capable of supporting state-of-the-art supply management systems that
suppliers intend to use in order to maximize their efficiency. And for most TAS,
a simple configuration change is all it takes to achieve this.
Business and Bandwidth: Virtual Centres of ExcellenceRick Huijbregts
The document discusses Canada's challenge in remaining economically competitive in a connected world. It proposes establishing Virtual Centres of Excellence that leverage high-bandwidth connectivity to drive innovation, business growth, improved quality of life, and environmental protection. These centres would provide integrated services and platforms to connect various sectors such as healthcare, education, transportation and more through converged infrastructure and applications. This would help businesses monetize new models using cloud, mobile and Internet of Things technologies.
Power-Grid Load Balancing by Using Smart Home AppliancesValerio Aisa
Climate change is one of the greatest environmental, social and economic threats facing the planet, and can be mitigated by increasing the efficiency of the electric power generation and distribution system. Dynamic demand control is a low-cost technology that fosters better load balancing of the electricity grid, and thus enable savings on CO2 emissions at power plants. This paper discusses a practical and inexpensive solution for the implementation of dynamic demand control, based on a dedicated peripheral for a general-purpose microcontroller. Pre-production test of the peripheral has been carried out by emulating the actual microprocessor. Simulations have been carried out, to investigate actual efficacy of the proposed approach.
Pat Tiernan, Executive Director of the Climate Savers Computing Initiative, presented at the 2009 Green IT Expo in London to address IT energy waste and the ROI on energy efficient computing.
CFD for Indoor Environment Design and Analysisanoopjangra
This document discusses how computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used for engineering services related to indoor environment design and analysis. CFD uses numerical methods and algorithms to simulate fluid flow and can generate visual representations of airflow, flow rates, and temperatures in buildings. It lists several application areas where CFD can be used, such as indoor air quality analysis, human comfort analysis, contaminant control, and ventilation analysis for various industries. It provides examples of how CFD has been used to analyze ventilation systems for biosafety labs and ensure compliance with industry standards. CFD can also be used for industrial environment analysis, such as modeling carbon monoxide control in covered car parks, and for data center cooling analysis to optimize efficiency. Key
K10888 ramratan malav (refrigeration & air conditioning)9672269693
The document summarizes a major assignment presentation on CFD analysis of a vortex tube for refrigeration and air conditioning. It includes an introduction to vortex tubes and their working principle, objectives of analyzing flow parameters and temperature separation, a literature review of previous studies, modeling of a vortex tube with specific dimensions, results and discussion of temperature, pressure, and velocity distributions, applications of vortex tubes, advantages, and conclusions. The presentation aims to optimize design parameters like aspect ratio, number of inlets, and pressures to improve temperature separation performance.
Analysis of heat & air recirculation inside a refrigerator - BasicsDibyajyoti Laha
1) The document analyzes heat and air recirculation inside refrigerators through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.
2) CFD simulations show that refrigerators work best with a bottom cold wall and top warm wall configuration, and that using an internal fan improves air flow and cooling efficiency.
3) The CFD analysis provides insights into temperature distributions and air velocity patterns within refrigerators that can help optimize refrigerator design.
CFD & Thermofluids - Basics of Domestic refrigeratorDibyajyoti Laha
This document discusses heat transfer and airflow inside refrigerators using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It begins with an introduction to different refrigerator types and a literature review on previous studies of airflow in refrigerators. It then discusses the basics of heat transfer and airflow, including relationships between heat, temperature, density, and airflow. The document describes the CFD methodology used, including defining boundary conditions, meshing, and settings. It presents results from three cases modeling different wall temperatures with and without a fan. It concludes heat transfer and airflow inside refrigerators can be modeled using CFD to better understand temperature distribution and airflow recirculation.
This document discusses a mini project using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze air distribution in a classroom. The objectives are to study air distribution patterns, temperature distribution, flow trajectories, and diffuser efficiency. SolidWorks flow simulation will be used to model air flow in a lecture room. The project team conducted preliminary studies including estimating the cooling load, room dimensions and properties, ventilation rate, and heat sources. CFD will be used to simulate air flow and determine if thermal comfort and indoor air quality standards are met in the classroom.
Cold storages are used for keeping perishashable food products. Design criteria for building and refrigeration concept for estimation of cooling load is decribed below.
Opower is an energy efficiency company that provides utilities with a customer engagement platform to help households save energy. It was founded in 2007 and has grown to over 200 employees. Opower works with over 50 utilities to deliver personalized energy reports, online tools, and alerts to over 10 million households. This has helped households save an average of 3-5% on their energy bills, totaling over $450 million in savings. A California utility saw continued higher savings each year working with Opower by integrating it with their systems to easily transfer usage data. Key to Opower's success is that its reports are opt-out rather than opt-in, and it has good relationships with utilities.
Reducing Energy Consumption from the Core to the Edge: The JouleX and Cisco E...JouleX
The document discusses how JouleX Energy Manager and Cisco EnergyWise can help organizations reduce energy consumption and costs. Key points:
1) JouleX Energy Manager monitors, analyzes, and controls energy usage across IT and facilities infrastructure to quickly identify waste and set policies.
2) Cisco EnergyWise extends this capability from the core to edge devices like PCs, phones, and access points without costly agents.
3) A case study found a large bank saved up to 50% on energy costs and estimated annual savings of €24 million using these solutions.
Austin Energy has implemented a smart grid program to modernize its electric grid. It installed smart meters for all 410,000 customers by 2009 and deployed a communications network to support the smart grid. The smart grid will help Austin Energy achieve goals like reducing outages, increasing customer satisfaction, and incorporating more renewable energy. It will also provide customers with tools to better manage their energy use and potentially save on bills.
The document discusses wireless challenges in oil fields, including harsh environments, security issues, coverage needs, and spectrum availability. It outlines goals like remote monitoring and management. Various applications are mentioned like well monitoring, tracking assets, and smart drilling. Network diagrams show connectivity from edge to core. Key challenges include temperature extremes, corrosion, uplink-heavy data flows, and limited spectrum options.
Coldset Printing Partners implemented an energy monitoring system to track and analyze its energy usage over time in order to reduce consumption by 10%. The system, provided by Energcon, uses sensors to log energy usage from each printing press every 15 minutes. This time-series data is stored in an IBM Informix database for easy access and analysis of trends. Using the insights gained, Coldset Printing Partners was able to reduce its energy usage by over 10% through operational adjustments. The scalable Informix solution ensured high performance for analyzing the large volumes of time-series energy data.
Maximize Your Data Center for Virtualization InitiativesSchneider Electric
Presentation focuses on the impact virtualization initiatives have on the data center and more importantly the critical
physical infrastructure supporting the data center. Virtualization is an IT strategy that can easily and quickly impact, with potential negative consequences, the reliability and availability of the data center. Understand the effects and some considerations in the implementation of virtualization.
The Sylacauga Utilities Board in Alabama deployed Cambium wireless broadband products to provide high-speed internet access to its customers. It first used 900 MHz radios to establish a reliable wireless link between towers over hilly, forested terrain. The network now covers 200 square miles and serves over 700 customers, as well as supports additional applications like SCADA and video security. Satisfied with Cambium's performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness, the utility plans to further expand broadband access and incorporate smart grid applications using Cambium's wireless solutions.
This document describes Matrikon Moore, a company that provides automation solutions and services for industries including oil & gas, chemicals, mining, and food & beverage. It specializes in DCS & PLC systems, production optimization, instrumentation, and safety shutdown systems. The company has over 20 years of experience implementing process automation projects around the world and prides itself on high-quality engineering and international certifications.
Bull is a European technology company that provides high-performance computing and cybersecurity solutions. It helps customers innovate with new technologies, optimize their infrastructure through outsourcing and cloud services, integrate critical business applications, and guarantee trust through cybersecurity products and services. Bull has a presence in over 50 countries and expertise in key verticals such as public sector, telecom, finance, energy, defense, and transportation.
This document provides information about RETScreen International, a renewable energy project analysis software made available by Natural Resources Canada. RETScreen can be used worldwide and free of charge to evaluate the energy production, life-cycle costs, and greenhouse gas emission reductions of various renewable energy technologies. The software contains models to analyze biomass heating projects through worksheets assessing energy production, heating loads, costs, and financial returns. Users are encouraged to register on the RETScreen website so that usage data can be collected and reported.
This document provides a corporate profile for Power Quality Asia Inc., which has been providing power quality solutions in the Philippines since 1997. It offers services including UPS systems, surge protection, power quality monitoring, and works with major partners for products in these areas. The profile describes Power Quality Asia's mission to be a leader in power quality solutions, lists some of its over 1,300 clients in industries like manufacturing, agriculture, and communications, and provides highlights about its partners' offerings.
Mr. John Bernaden
On Friday, September 25th, Alliance to Save Energy hosted “Smart Manufacturing: Modernization to Marketplace,” in the Rayburn House Office Building. This briefing, moderated by the Alliance’s Vice President of Programs, Jeffery Harris, explored the merits of smart technologies—including sensors and wireless controls—in a modern manufacturing environment.
[White Paper] Europe’s Window of Opportunity for Terminal OperatorsSchneider Electric
As Europe is going through an unprecedented financial and economic crisis,
the oil and gas industry continues to face an uncertain business environment.
Another recession could lead to reduced demand and further increase the
pressure on margins in downstream operations. This has suppliers and buyers
looking to exploit any operational efficiency they can.
Terminal operators play a critical role in helping suppliers and buyers achieve
those efficiencies, and can benefit their own operations while doing so. To gain
a competitive edge, terminal operators need to be mindful of the big trends
in the industry and make sure that their Terminal Automation System (TAS)
is capable of supporting state-of-the-art supply management systems that
suppliers intend to use in order to maximize their efficiency. And for most TAS,
a simple configuration change is all it takes to achieve this.
Business and Bandwidth: Virtual Centres of ExcellenceRick Huijbregts
The document discusses Canada's challenge in remaining economically competitive in a connected world. It proposes establishing Virtual Centres of Excellence that leverage high-bandwidth connectivity to drive innovation, business growth, improved quality of life, and environmental protection. These centres would provide integrated services and platforms to connect various sectors such as healthcare, education, transportation and more through converged infrastructure and applications. This would help businesses monetize new models using cloud, mobile and Internet of Things technologies.
Power-Grid Load Balancing by Using Smart Home AppliancesValerio Aisa
Climate change is one of the greatest environmental, social and economic threats facing the planet, and can be mitigated by increasing the efficiency of the electric power generation and distribution system. Dynamic demand control is a low-cost technology that fosters better load balancing of the electricity grid, and thus enable savings on CO2 emissions at power plants. This paper discusses a practical and inexpensive solution for the implementation of dynamic demand control, based on a dedicated peripheral for a general-purpose microcontroller. Pre-production test of the peripheral has been carried out by emulating the actual microprocessor. Simulations have been carried out, to investigate actual efficacy of the proposed approach.
Pat Tiernan, Executive Director of the Climate Savers Computing Initiative, presented at the 2009 Green IT Expo in London to address IT energy waste and the ROI on energy efficient computing.
CFD for Indoor Environment Design and Analysisanoopjangra
This document discusses how computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used for engineering services related to indoor environment design and analysis. CFD uses numerical methods and algorithms to simulate fluid flow and can generate visual representations of airflow, flow rates, and temperatures in buildings. It lists several application areas where CFD can be used, such as indoor air quality analysis, human comfort analysis, contaminant control, and ventilation analysis for various industries. It provides examples of how CFD has been used to analyze ventilation systems for biosafety labs and ensure compliance with industry standards. CFD can also be used for industrial environment analysis, such as modeling carbon monoxide control in covered car parks, and for data center cooling analysis to optimize efficiency. Key
K10888 ramratan malav (refrigeration & air conditioning)9672269693
The document summarizes a major assignment presentation on CFD analysis of a vortex tube for refrigeration and air conditioning. It includes an introduction to vortex tubes and their working principle, objectives of analyzing flow parameters and temperature separation, a literature review of previous studies, modeling of a vortex tube with specific dimensions, results and discussion of temperature, pressure, and velocity distributions, applications of vortex tubes, advantages, and conclusions. The presentation aims to optimize design parameters like aspect ratio, number of inlets, and pressures to improve temperature separation performance.
Analysis of heat & air recirculation inside a refrigerator - BasicsDibyajyoti Laha
1) The document analyzes heat and air recirculation inside refrigerators through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.
2) CFD simulations show that refrigerators work best with a bottom cold wall and top warm wall configuration, and that using an internal fan improves air flow and cooling efficiency.
3) The CFD analysis provides insights into temperature distributions and air velocity patterns within refrigerators that can help optimize refrigerator design.
CFD & Thermofluids - Basics of Domestic refrigeratorDibyajyoti Laha
This document discusses heat transfer and airflow inside refrigerators using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It begins with an introduction to different refrigerator types and a literature review on previous studies of airflow in refrigerators. It then discusses the basics of heat transfer and airflow, including relationships between heat, temperature, density, and airflow. The document describes the CFD methodology used, including defining boundary conditions, meshing, and settings. It presents results from three cases modeling different wall temperatures with and without a fan. It concludes heat transfer and airflow inside refrigerators can be modeled using CFD to better understand temperature distribution and airflow recirculation.
This document discusses a mini project using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze air distribution in a classroom. The objectives are to study air distribution patterns, temperature distribution, flow trajectories, and diffuser efficiency. SolidWorks flow simulation will be used to model air flow in a lecture room. The project team conducted preliminary studies including estimating the cooling load, room dimensions and properties, ventilation rate, and heat sources. CFD will be used to simulate air flow and determine if thermal comfort and indoor air quality standards are met in the classroom.
Cold storages are used for keeping perishashable food products. Design criteria for building and refrigeration concept for estimation of cooling load is decribed below.
This document provides a summary of a dissertation submitted for a Bachelor of Engineering Honours degree. The dissertation involves computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of aerodynamic forces on a rear spoiler for a car model in 2D. The document includes acknowledgments, a declaration by the author, a table of contents, and 6 chapters that describe the background, literature review, methodology, numerical setup, CFD results and analysis, and conclusions. The CFD analysis is conducted using ANSYS software to simulate airflow around baseline models of a car with and without different rear spoiler configurations.
This document provides an overview of refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It begins by explaining that refrigeration and air conditioning are used to cool products or environments. It then discusses the basic refrigeration cycle involving heat absorption and rejection. The document outlines different types of refrigeration systems, including vapor compression and vapor absorption. It also describes window air conditioners and split air conditioners. The working of a split AC is explained, noting that it splits the hot and cold sides with the evaporator inside and condenser outside. In closing, the document thanks the reader for their attention.
This document discusses different types of air conditioning systems and their components. It describes window air conditioning systems, split air conditioning systems, centralized air conditioning systems, and packaged air conditioning systems. It also discusses new technologies like district cooling systems and chilled beam systems. The cooling cycle/refrigeration cycle is explained through its key components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. Requirements for coolants used in air conditioning systems are outlined.
This document provides an overview of a training session on energy equipment refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It discusses types of refrigeration including vapor compression and vapor absorption. It also covers assessing the performance of refrigeration and air conditioning systems, such as measuring tons of refrigeration and coefficient of performance. Finally, it lists several energy efficiency opportunities for refrigeration and AC systems, such as optimizing heat exchange, multi-staging systems, and capacity control of compressors.
Each month, join us as we highlight and discuss hot topics ranging from the future of higher education to wearable technology, best productivity hacks and secrets to hiring top talent. Upload your SlideShares, and share your expertise with the world!
Not sure what to share on SlideShare?
SlideShares that inform, inspire and educate attract the most views. Beyond that, ideas for what you can upload are limitless. We’ve selected a few popular examples to get your creative juices flowing.
SlideShare is a global platform for sharing presentations, infographics, videos and documents. It has over 18 million pieces of professional content uploaded by experts like Eric Schmidt and Guy Kawasaki. The document provides tips for setting up an account on SlideShare, uploading content, optimizing it for searchability, and sharing it on social media to build an audience and reputation as a subject matter expert.
This presentation was given as part of the April 21, 2010 Northwest Clean Energy Resource Team meeting on Smart Grid Technology in Northwest Minnesota.
This document provides an overview of offerings from AST Global related to data storage, data centers, and electromagnetic field shielding. The offerings include modular data center systems for enterprises and small/medium businesses, data center services for operations, management, and energy efficiency, and solutions for attenuating electromagnetic fields through smart shielding products and consulting services.
Ingenious Services Group, Llc 2012 Service Offerings Detailtimothydreher
Ingenious Services Group provides telecommunications services including site development, tower installation, integration, and quality assurance. Their services include full turnkey construction, RF design, steel fabrication, and technical training through their Ingenious University program. They aim to standardize processes, ensure quality, and offer cost savings through material kitting and inventory management.
How intelligent infrastructure reduces operating costs and improves patient c...Estellesc
Graeme Robertson, Healthcare Solutions Business Development Director, presented on behalf of Schneider Electric at the recent 1st Saudi Forum for the Design and Planning of Hospitals in Riyadh, held March 3-5, 2013. Download his presentation, "How an Intelligent Infrastructure Reduces Hospital Operating Costs and Improve Patient Care."
Note: You must save or download the presentation to view the embedded videos on slides 5,6,7,8,9, and 12.
This document describes an energy monitoring and facility management system called AUMADA. It monitors real-time data from sensors such as temperature, humidity, air quality, electricity, water, and valves to establish consumption patterns and identify opportunities for energy efficiency. The system architecture involves sensors communicating data through gateways to the internet where the data is stored and accessible through reports, charts, live data, and alerts. The system can be hosted to provide benefits like no software costs or IT issues and centralized data access for any user through mobile or web applications.
The document discusses power quality and network analysis solutions from Alpes Technologies. It describes measuring power quality for utilities, defining power quality, and the interests in monitoring power quality for deregulated markets. It also outlines Alpes Technologies' products for power quality analysis, including permanent and mobile instruments for measuring voltage dips, harmonics, flicker and other parameters.
The document discusses smart meters and utility metering applications. It describes high-end utility meters that combine energy metering, power quality monitoring, I/O capabilities, and communications. These advanced meters can be used for revenue and tariff metering, power quality analysis, substation automation, equipment monitoring and control, and improving system accuracy. The document also provides examples of how a utility is using power quality monitoring systems to identify issues early, avoid equipment failures, reduce outage times, and lower costs.
[M2M-Frukostseminarium] Richard Savage, QualcommMobilbusiness
Maskin-till-maskin-kommunikation är nästa fas i mobilvärlden efter mobilt bredband. Video och dataintensiv trafik tar över efter simpla sms när mobil M2M lockar nya branscher.
Den 29 september diskuterade vi framtiden för M2M-lösningar, lyssnar till intressanta case och analyser av marknaden.
The document describes e2eHub, an integration platform that allows for collaboration between energy trading applications. e2eHub provides a single platform for integrating data between energy trading partners to streamline processes like contracts, inquiries, movements and invoices. It also provides a way to bring market data into trading applications from exchanges. Outsourcing the hub provides benefits like reducing costs and implementation times while allowing organizations to leverage economies of scale and standard information exchange.
MIGUNS Technologies provides total infrastructure solutions for data centers, including design, construction, electrical systems, cooling, security, and fire protection. They aim to achieve high levels of reliability over 99.9999% uptime through redundant systems and following industry standards from the Telecommunications Industry Association and Uptime Institute. Their solutions incorporate electrical power quality, physical security, and management systems to maximize availability through an approach known as the "Eight Keys".
The document discusses an integrated building management system (BMS) that provides one stop service for system integration, implementation, consulting, and maintenance. It describes how the system allows centralized monitoring and control of buildings within a complex from a command room through a converged IP network connected to various sensors, detectors, devices and actuators. The integrated network uses open protocols and allows for group monitoring, control, and communication across buildings to provide energy savings, increased efficiency, systematic maintenance, and reduced risks through a single integrated solution.
CPM Braxis Capgemini the unique Cisco Connected Grid authorized partner in Brazil to help utilities address their challenges on the Smart Grid infrastructure environment.
The combination of Cisco's UCS Manager and Schneider Electric's DCIM solution provides Cisco UCS customers with an opportunity to bridge the gap between IT and Facilities, offer transparency across the two silos, and positively impact the rest of the organization – both in terms of efficiency, uptime and capex/opex costs. This is achieved by optimising the existing physical infrastructure capacities, thus reducing overprovisioning and improving the balance between supply and demand, resulting in continual availability and optimal energy efficiency.
The document proposes a SMART monitoring system for communication towers using sensors to monitor weather conditions and structural health. It discusses setting up a network using cellular or satellite communication to transmit sensor data to software that monitors towers remotely. A feasibility study is recommended to evaluate communication options, select sensors and equipment, estimate housing needs, and do a cost-benefit analysis to determine if SMART monitoring would help preventive maintenance and structural analysis of towers.
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire PennyIBM Danmark
The document discusses smart buildings and IBM's solutions for optimizing building management. It begins with an overview of smart buildings, including their benefits and how they evolve from basic monitoring and control to predictive analytics. The document then outlines IBM's smart building portfolio and its Intelligent Building Management solution. The solution collects building data, performs analytics to detect energy and maintenance issues, and provides dashboard views. Case studies demonstrate benefits like reduced energy and maintenance costs.
This document discusses data fusion theory for smart grids. It explains that smart grids produce large amounts of streaming data from various sensors and devices. Analyzing these correlated dynamic datasets in real-time is challenging but important for optimizing grid operations. The document proposes measuring the "smart grid entropy" to quantify how controllable and volatile a local grid's energy sources and loads are. This can help evaluate different grid design and investment options.
1. The document discusses convergence of IT and building automation systems (BAS) in hotels, where a single integrated network provides connectivity for various systems and services including security, HVAC, lighting, and more.
2. It advocates for a "master systems integrator" to implement a structured cabling system to deliver an electronic systems package and ensure flexibility to deploy new features.
3. Convergence provides operational efficiencies, energy savings, business benefits, and flexibility through sharing of building data across systems on a single connected enterprise network.
Southstar Technology Solutions Pvt Ltd is an engineering and IT services company that provides services across various domains including automotive, industrial automation, medical devices, semiconductors, storage, and enterprise IT. The document outlines Southstar's service offerings such as product engineering, IT infrastructure services, enterprise applications, testing services, and relationship models with clients.
This document discusses energy efficiency concepts and Cisco solutions for data centers. It notes that climate change is a pressing issue and data centers consume significant resources. Cisco offers products and solutions like storage virtualization, application delivery, and networked CRAC units that can incrementally improve power and cooling efficiency in data centers. Advanced services are also discussed to provide efficiency assessments, benchmarking, and help establish energy management strategies and implementations. Case studies show examples of potential energy savings through efficiency improvements.
World Meter Design Presentation: Opportunities in creating an effective meter...guest36a0a6
The document discusses opportunities for creating an effective electricity metering system using a chip-level solution. It describes challenges in energy metering, and how the MCF51EM256 microcontroller addresses these challenges through features like a robust real-time clock, high-resolution ADC, secure flash updating, and low power consumption. The microcontroller is well-suited for single phase, dual phase, and three phase metering applications.
2. AGENDA
AINSWORTH INC OVERVIEW
AINSWORTH DATA CENTRE SERVICES
WHAT IS COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)?
WHY IS A CFD STUDY IMPERATIVE FOR ALL DATA CENTRES?
OUR 5 STEP CFD APPROACH
HOW DOES CFD BENEFIT YOUR BUSINESS
PRICING AND ENGAGEMENT PROCESS
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3. AINSWORTH – COMPANY PROFILE
AINSWORTH IS AN APPLIED TECHNOLOGY COMPANY
SERVING CUSTOMERS FOR OVER 75 YEARS
ESTABLISHED IN 1933
AN OMERS BUSINESS
ANNUAL SALES OF $200M, OVER 1000 EMPLOYEES
OPERATIONS COAST TO COAST (13 OFFICES)
ISO 9001 REGISTERED
PROUD RECIPIENT OF THE CONSUMER’S CHOICE AWARD FOR BUSINESS EXCELLENCE FOR
8 CONSECUTIVE YEARS
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5. AINSWORTH SERVICE OFFERINGS
Integrated Facilities Management Project Management Services
HVAC/R Service & Maintenance Total Building/Plant Maintenance
Electrical Installations Repairable Asset Management
Mechanical Installations Rotating Equipment Remanufacturing
Energy Management Services Electrical Service & Maintenance
Solar PV Design, Installation & Industrial Electronics Services
Maintenance Data & Voice Cabling
Solar Thermal Heating Data Systems Infrastructure
High Voltage Applied Drive Systems
Power Systems Design, Maintenance & Design Build
Modernization
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6. Information
Energy
Technology
AINSWORTH DATA CENTRE SERVICES
Building Process and
Infrastructure Automation
Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
Electrical HVAC Mechanical IT
Generation Refrigeration Plumbing Network
Technology
UPS Boilers Sheet Metal Servers
Distribution / Chillers Motors Storage
Transfer Switch
CRACs Pumps Voice / Data
Cabling Communication
CRAH Security
Utility / Grid
High Voltage Cabling
Fire & Safety
Engineering Engineering Physical Access Assessments
Thermography Capacity / Usage Plenum Plan / Design /
Implement /
Offering
Quality / Capacity Hot/Cold Aisle Flooring
Support
/ Usage Containment
Fire suppression
Consolidation
Industrial Air Flow Analysis
Electronics Virtualization
Thermography
Service Monitoring
Passive / Active
Lighting solutions IMACs
Process and Automation
Plant Maintenance / Building Automation / Infrastructure Monitoring & Reporting
7. WHAT IS CFD ? COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
measure air temperature and air flow at critical points throughout the data centre
Identify hot spots and air flow restrictions
Perform a CFD analysis in problematic areas. This is a rigorous mean of evaluating airflow
patterns and may include important variables such as air pressure, temperature and velocity.
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8. WHAT IS CFD ? COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Evaluate and assess the data
Construct an “AS IS” floor plan identifying issues with air flow, obstruction and other areas of
concern
The customer receives:
An in-depth account of airflow characteristics
A comprehensive report, including floor plans,
Which identifies problems and provides recommendations
With corresponding estimates
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9. WHY IS CFD IMPERATIVE FOR ALL DATA CENTRES
DATA CENTRES WERE CONSTRUCTED TO MEET A BASE CONFIGURATION – A CFD STUDY
CONFIRMS IF THE BASE DESIGN IS STILL ADEQUATE FOR CURRENT USE.
COMPUTING DENSITIES HAVE INCREASED DRAMATICALLY AND THE COOLING
REQUIREMENTS AND PROFILE OF YOUR DATA CENTRE HAS LIKELY CHANGED
DRAMATICALLY AS WELL.
WHAT WAS VALID YESTERDAY IS NOT VALID TODAY.
VALIDATES THAT THE DATA CENTRE IS READY FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTURES AND PLANNED
PROJECTS.
ARE YOU SPENDING MORE THAN YOU SHOULD BE ON COOLING?
CONFIRMS WHERE YOU ARE COOLING THE DATA CENTRE VS WHERE THE COOLING IS
REQUIRED.
CONFIRMS IF THE DATA CENTRE COOLING ARCHITECTURE IS OVER/UNDER DESIGNED?
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11. Delivering efficient airflow to the entire face of the rack, and ultimately the equipment inside it.
High velocity and low
THE PROBLEM pressure creates unbalanced
airflow through the subfloor.
Cold airflow through
perforated tiles is often weak
and inconsistent.
Negative pressure from high
velocity in the subfloor can
pull air down through
perforated tiles instead of
forcing it up to the rack.
CRAC unit fails to deliver a
steady, efficient airflow with a
balanced temperature.
Cooling of the rack is
inefficient. Low areas may be
cool while the higher areas
remain untouched by cold air.
This is what your data center
looks like when all of these
inefficiencies are occurring.
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12. The FlowLogix system is an innovative combination of CFD modeling, airflow
management, and professional services to manage airflow in your data
center and distribute it to the heat load.
FlowLogix decreases your overall kW draw, providing significant energy
savings. In all cases this is accomplished without the installation of any
additional CRAC units.
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13. 1) CFD Modeling
Eliminate hot spots
Direct more cool air to the heat load
2) Subfloor Annual
Completely balance your subfloor air Balancing
Maintenance
Improve A/C unit return air
temperatures to maximize tonnage 3) Cold Air
and efficiency Managemen
t
Reduce your energy costs on average
by 23%
4) Heat & Return
Monitor cold aisle temperatures in Air Management
real time
5) Environmental
Monitoring
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14. Full CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
Analysis Before and After: On-site data gathering
CFM readings
Cable cutout leakage
STEP ONE Lowest/highest flowing tiles
Velocity/static pressure readings
Rack temperatures 3ft and 6ft
Return air temperatures/patterns to AC units
AC unit efficiency
Heat load patterns
The CFD Analysis will show us how
efficiently your room is operating from an
airflow standpoint. Once the analysis is
complete, we then engineer our FlowLogix
solution to improve your data center
conditions.
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15. STEP TWO
Results
Every perforated tile within the data center will
produce a significantly higher volume of air
Provide ability to cool all required areas of the data
center
Helps eliminate hot spots
Increased air stratification
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16. Cold Air Management
STEP THREE The data center space is never the same. Every
environment is different requiring a professional custom
approach. Some of the techniques used in step 3 may
include the following:
Perforated tile management
Addition of high-perforated tiles where needed
Sealing of all unmanaged openings and cable cut-outs
Cold aisle containment
Blanking Panels
Between 100 – 600 CFM is leaked through a
cable cutout opening causing limited static
pressure and significant mixing of hot and
cold air.
Short cycling and improper perforated tile
placement cause hot spots and inefficient
airflow distribution to the rack face.
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17. STEP FOUR
Heat and Return
Air Management
A 30-ton down-flow CRAC unit
may have a capacity of 27 tons
when operated at 72°F, but only
23 tons when operated at
68°F, delivering 18% greater
capacity at the higher operating
temperature! Through return air management, it has been proven
From a cost perspective, it might that a 30-ton CRAC unit will produce more capacity
be possible to eliminate one in when drawing back warmer air.
five air handlers with the proper
return air temperature.
Results have proved:
By using innovative approaches in eliminating the warm air from re-
circulating into the cold aisle, FlowLogix has delivered a 3-11 degree drop
in temperature in the cold aisle on average.
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18. Environmental Monitoring
STEP FIVE Wireless temperature monitoring at the rack
level to gain visibility to real-time equipment
temperatures
84o 59o
85o 67o
91o 63o
Before FlowLogix After FlowLogix
1) Sensors provide real-time temperatures every 20 seconds
2) Set thresholds to stay within ASHRAE standards for critical servers.
3) Through FlowLogix quarterly health check program, stay in control with
real-time equipment temperatures and maximize energy savings.
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19. AFTER FLOWLOGIX Air velocity is lower while static pressure
is increased, creating an even supply of
cold air throughout the subfloor.
Cold air is distributed evenly and higher
up the face of the rack.
CRAC units deliver a steady, efficient
airflow with a balanced temperature.
More of the rack is cooled.
Now that the room is balanced with cold
air, the CRAC unit set points can be raised
to reduce energy costs. In some cases
they can even be shut off.
This is what your data center looks like
after FlowLogix has been implemented.
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20. FlowLogix
Report
All of the above information is given in a 25 page report
stating all of the current problems in the data center you
are assessing.
How it also shows the improved data center after solution
is applied.
ENVIRONMENTAL SUMMARY
ROOM LAYOUT
STATIC PRESSURE
AIR VOLUME
SERVER TEMPERATURE
ROOM TEMPERATURE
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES
ENERGY SAVINGS
PRICING
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TECHNICAL DETAILS 20
21. FLOWLOGIX ANNUAL CFD MAINTENANCE
Ainsworth Inc. includes annual maintenance in every FlowLogix installation. Our team of
professionals stay proactive in not only maintaining, but continually working with you to
maximize all efficiencies. We will run up to 1 additional CFD’s per month for the duration of the
maintenance contract to insure airflow and energy efficiency is optimized. These additional
analyses may be used for, but not limited to any of the following purposes:
Addition/removal of equipment in the
data center
Energy/Airflow efficiency planning
Data center layout alterations/planning
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22. FLOWLOGIX QUARTERLY HEALTH CHECKS
Ainsworth Inc. recognizes that data center and facilities
managers are short-staffed and their time is in high demand
daily. We have introduced Quarterly Health Checks to add
peace of mind, and essentially allow our clients to “outsource”
their airflow and energy efficiency requirements and updates
to Ainsworth’s professionals.
The following outlines this new service:
Each quarter Ainsworth Inc. schedules onsite assessments
with one of our cooling professionals
Cooling professionals thoroughly assesses the data center’s
current state with the intent of making additional
recommendations for efficiency improvements
Report is provided to client summarizing all findings from
the assessment
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23. HOW DOES CFD BENEFIT YOUR BUSINESS
PROPER AMOUNT OF COOLING AT THE PROPER LOCATION
OVERALL REDUCTION IN COOLING REQUIREMENTS
REDUCES OPERATIONAL COSTS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
REDUCE RISK TO ITS EQUIPMENT FAILURE (ELIMINATE HOT SPOTS)
REDUCE RISK OF DOWNTIME TO END CUSTOMERS
PROBABLE DATA CENTRE CAPACITY INCREASE
REDUCE SET POINT OF CRAC UNITS
FAST ROI BASED ON OPERATIONAL COST SAVINGS
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24. PRICING AND ENGAGEMENT PROCESS
PRICING
AINSWORTH 5-STEP APPROACH CDF PRICING INCLUDING DETAIL REPORT $5000.00
CDF STUDY COVERS UP TO 9500 FEET
ENGAGEMENT PROCESS
CUSTOMER INFORMATION: (NAME , ADDRESS, PROVINCE )
CONTACT INFORMATION : NAME, PHONE, EMAIL ADDRESS
STARTING DATE AND TIME
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