Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect movement and muscle coordination. It is caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before or during birth. The most common type is spastic cerebral palsy, which causes stiff muscles and exaggerated reflexes. Other types include athetoid, ataxic, and hypotonic cerebral palsy. While there is no cure for cerebral palsy, treatment can improve capabilities and includes physical therapy, medication, and surgery. Famous people who have cerebral palsy include Christy Brown, Jerry Traylor, and Christopher Nolan.

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS

3. Cerebral Palsy :
is a term used to
describe a group of
disorders affecting body
movement and muscle
co-ordination.

4. HISTORY:
 CP, formerly known as "Cerebral Paralysis," was
first identified by English surgeon William Little
in 1860.It was not until 1897 that Sigmund
Freud, then a neurologist, suggested that a
difficult birth was not the cause but rather only a
symptom of other effects on fetal development.
Research conducted during the 1980s
suggested that only a small number of cases of
CP are caused by lack of oxygen during birth.

6. CEREBRUM


7. CEREBELLUM

10.  Spastic cerebral palsy is
by far the most common
type, occurring in 70% to
80% of all cases.
Moreover, spastic CP
accompanies one of the
other types in 30% of all
cases. People with this
type are hypertonic and
have a neuromuscular
condition .

11. Diplegia
Hemiplegia Tetraplegia
Spastic

12. ATHETOID
 Athetoid or dyskinetic is mixed muscle tone—
People with athetoid CP have trouble holding
themselves in an upright, steady position for sitting
or walking, and often show involuntary motions.
About one quarter of all people with CP have
athetoid CP. The damage occurs to the
extrapyramidal motor system and pyramidal tract
and to the basal ganglia. It occurs in 10% to 20%
percent of all cases. In newborn infants, high
bilirubin levels in the blood, if left untreated, can
lead to brain damage.

13. ATAXIC
 Itcan be caused by damage to the
cerebellum. The forms of ataxia are less
common types of cerebral palsy, occurring
in at most 10% of all cases. Some of these
individuals have tremors. Motor skills such
as writing& typing might be affected, as well
as balance, especially while walking. It is
common for individuals to have difficulty
with visual and auditory processing.

14. People with
hypotonic CP
appear limp and
can move only a
little or can't move
at all.

16.  (1) multiple births (e.g. twins, triplets)
(2) sexually transmitted infectious diseases,
e.g. AIDS
(3) poor nutrition
(4) exposure to toxic substances, including
nicotine, alcohol and drugs
(5) chromosome abnormalities
(6) biochemical genetic disorders
(7) Poor oxygen supply may destroy brain
tissue.
(8) premature delivery
(9) caesarian or breech delivery

17. Causes during childhood:
(1) infections such as meningitis
(2) brain haemorrhages
(3) head injury following falls, car
accidents or abuse
(4) drowning accidents
(5) poisoning

18. 
Symptoms:
(1) muscle tightness or spasms
(2) involuntary movement
(3) difficulty with "gross motor
skills such as walking or
running
(4) difficulty with "fine motor
skills" such as writing or doing
up buttons
(5) difficulty in perception and
sensation

19. IS THERE ANY TREATMENT?
Cerebral palsy can’t be cured, but
treatment will often improve a
child's capabilities.
OH..
NO!

20. 
CAT scans
(Computerized Axial
Tomography) and MRI
(Magnetic Resonance
Imaging), can help
identify lesions in the
brain.

21. •Doctors
check for
other
diseases to
try to fix
things up
•Doctors
mainly wait
for the baby
to develop to
be sure

23. FAMOUS PEOPLE WITH
CEREBRAL PALSY
Christy Brown Jerry Jhamak
Geri Jewell
Traylor Ghimire
Christopher Nolan
Chris Fonseca Steady
Anne
Eddie
McDonald

24. Done By:
Noha Ghoniem
&
Ansam Amir