The DISO-Dual Input Single Output converter combines the two energy sources. The converter is designed considering double input, in which same or different type of two inputs can be used individually or simultaneously.

1. Centralised hybrid renewable power generation using
DISO-buck boost converter for Micro Grid’s
K.Naresh 1
, V.Sundar 2
,K.Manivannan 3
,U.Aravindh4
knareshchennai63@gmail.com,sundarvmska93@gmail.com,manivanan97@gmail.com,contactaravindh@gmail.com
EEE final year, Sri Lakshmi Ammal Engineering College
Chennai-126
Guided by – Mr.P.Kathiravan M.Tech (Asst.Professor, Dept of EEE)
Sri Lakshmi Ammal Engineering College
ABSTRACT-The main aim of the project is to utilize the
maximum power from renewable energy sources. This
project focuses on the development of a supervisory
control method and DISO-Converter for optimal power
management and to improve the output voltage of the
hybrid system. The predictive control which computes the
power references for the wind and solar subsystems at each
sampling time while minimizing a suitable cost function.
There by controlling the overall generation from the
sources. The DISO-Dual Input Single Output converter
combines the two energy sources. The converter is designed
considering double input, in which same or different type
of two inputs can be used individually or simultaneously.
The output of the system gets increased by using a single
converter with less number of switches.
Keywords- DISO-Buck-Boost converter,
Supervisory control, Solar PV, Wind energy system,
Pulse width modulation.
INTRODUCTION:
The renewable energy such as
photovoltaic (PV) and wind has created various electric
energy sources with different electrical characteristics
for the modern power system. In order to combine
more than one energy source, such as the solar array,
wind turbine, fuel cell (FC) and commercial ac line to
get the regulated output voltage, the different
topologies of multi input
Converters (MICs) have been proposed in recent years.
Traditionally, two dc voltage sources are connected to
two independent dc-dc power converters to obtain two
stable and equivalent output voltages, which are then
connected to the dc bus, to provide the electric energy
demanded by the load.
EXISTING SYSTEMS:
1. CUK-SEPIC Converters- The converters are fused
together by reconfiguring the two existing diodes
from each converter and the sharing the Cuk output
inductor by the SEPIC converter. This system uses
two separate switches and switching loss is high.
2. MULTI-PORT Converters- The converter interfaces
two unidirectional ports for input power sources, a
bidirectional port for a storage element, and a port
for output load in a unified structure. It utilizes four
power switches that are controlled independently
with four different duty ratios.
3. Isolated Fly-Back MISO Converter- with Fly
back, the converter requires only one switch
and one winding. The difficulty lies in
achieving the high efficiency due to the unique
use of transformer as an energy storage rather
than energy transferring device. And this
topology is prone to switch’s high voltage
spike due to leakage inductance from the
transformer affecting the maximum drain to
source voltage requirement of the MOSFETs.
4. Double input dc-dc Z-source converters: The ICD
controller design for the converter becomes
complex due to four switch operations.

2. p
OBJECTIVE:
We propose the DISO BUCK-BOOST converter
and Supervisory Control Technique for centralized
hybrid power generation with the following
features:-
1. Reduced numbers of Switches for
minimize the switching loss.
2. Buck Boost converter to increase or
decrease the output.
3. Two power sources are combined easily.
4. The supervisory control technique protects
the Load from over voltage condition.
PROPOSED BLOCK DIAGRAM:
The proposed block diagram consists of the
following components:-
1. Voltage sensors
2. Controller
3. DISO-Converter
4. Battery Banks
5. 1-Phase Sine wave Inverter
6. Solar Tracking System
7. AC-Dc Converter
Here the Renewable sources used are Solar and
Wind Energy. The Wind Energy is converted to
Electrical Energy using the Generator coupled to
Wind Turbine. The Solar Cells in the Solar panel
transforms the sun light into electricity.
Voltage sensors: The voltage sensors are connected
to the output terminals of the solar panel and wind
turbine. It is used to sense the output voltages
continuously.
Controller: The controller is an Op-Amp used as a
voltage comparator to compare the output voltages
of the wind and solar energy with the fixed
references and actuates the switches s1 and s2.
DISO-Converter: The Dual Input Single Output
buck boost converter merges the two input Dc
voltages and gives a single output Dc voltage. The
converter can operate as a boost and buck
converter.
Battery Banks: The battery banks acts as a storage
medium for the converter to provide constant
output to the inverter.
Single Phase Sine wave Inverter: The single phase
sine wave inverter is used to convert the dc output
of the converter into ac output. The pwm technique
is used in the inverter.
Solar Tracking System: The solar tracking system
is a microcontroller based sunlight tracking system
to track the solar energy in all directions of the sun.
AC-Dc Converter: The ac-dc converter is a full
bridge rectifier which is used to convert the ac
output of the wind turbine to dc voltage.

3. PROPOSED CONVERTER:
The proposed DC
to DC converter is Buck-Boost type, which has
inputs as solar/wind. The modes of operation with
availability and non availability of energy inputs or
on the basis of energy requirement by load are
described below.
OPERATION:
Mode 1: When Source VS1 is only available
The Diode D2 is active and D1 is inactive.
S1 and Scom are in On State.
Current Flows from VS1 to Load
Mode 2: When Source VS2 is only available
The Diode D1 is active and D2 is inactive.
S1 and Scom are in On State.
Current Flows from VS2 to Load.
Mode 3: When Both Sources VS1 & VS2 is
available
The Diode D1 and D2 are inactive.
S1 and Scom are in On State.
Current Flows from VS1 &VS2 to Load.
Mode 3: When Both Sources VS1 & VS2 is not
available
The Free-wheeling diode circulates the
current in the loop.
The load is fed using the back-up Battery.
CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR
CONVERTER:
There are many techniques to control the
duty cycle of main/ commutating switch Scom, say
sliding mode control, PID controller, PWM control
scheme using DSP or others techniques etc. Three
switches are used in this converter one
commutating or main switch named as Scom and
two auxiliary switches named S1 &S2.

4. 1. Commutating switch control
Here, single pulse PWM technique is used
to control the Commutating switch. For this
purpose a proportional and integral (PI) controller
is used. The measured voltage and set reference
voltage when pass through summing point, a error
signal generates which is fed to PI-controller
which produce a actuating reference signal. The
signal is than compared with a repeating sequence
signal or carrier wave, a train of pulses generates
with a required duty cycle to maintain reference
voltage constant.
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION:
In this method harmonic content can be
reduced by several pulses in each half cycle of
output voltage. Modulation is achieved by
comparing a triangular waveform and a DC
voltage shown in figure. Here the widths of pulses
produced are equal. By changing the amplitude of
control signal, pulse width may be varied thereby
varying the output voltage.
SUPERVISORY CONTROL:
The supervisory control is used to control the two
auxiliary switches of the converter. The output of
the solar and wind is taken as a feedback and
compared with a fixed reference voltage in the
comparator C1 & C2. Based on the difference the
gate pulse is generated by the comparator and
given to the auxiliary switches.
EQUATIONS:
Volt-second equation of inductor for a complete
cycle:-
(vs1+vs2)*DT – v out (1-D) T=0 ………… (1)
V out / (vs1+vs2) = -D / (1-D) …………… (2)
Output voltage equation of Buck-Boost Converter
Vout = - (Vin)*(D/ (1-D))…………………... (3)
Output voltage equation for DISO Buck-Boost
converter
1. When both sources are available
Vout= - (V1+V2)*(D/ (1-D))………………. (4)
2. When only source-1 is available
Vout= - (V1)*(D/ (1-D))…………………… (5)
3. When only source-1 is available
Vout= - (V2)*(D/ (1-D))……………………. (6)
4. When both sources are unavailable
Vout= 0…………………………………....... (7)

5. SIMULATION MODEL OF THE
CONVERTER:
MAIN SWITCH CONTROL:
AUXILIARY SWITCH CONTROL:
WAVEFORMS:
CONCLUSION:
The proposed converter is able to work
with two sources and with individual sources.
Hence it utilizes the maximum renewable power
sources and supplies the maximum output voltage
using the buck boost converter which results in
less cost, compact and efficient. Since the
converter uses less number of switches compared
to the existing system the switching loss are less
and performance get increased.
REFFERENCES:
1.Y-M Chen, Y-C Liu, and S-H Lin, “Double-
Input PWM DC/DC Converter for High-/Low-
Voltage Sources”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, vol. 53, no. 5, October 2006
2. B G. Dobbs and P L. Chapman, “A Multiple-
Input DC-DC Converter Topology”, IEEE
PowerElectronics Letters, vol. 1, no.1, March
2003.
3. Valluri Satya Srinivas, E.Vargil Kumarand
K.Bhavya, “A Two Input Single Output Z-Sourced
Dc-Dc Converter for Renewable Applications”,
Sep-Oct. 2012
4. A. Bakhshai et al., “A Hybrid Wind – Solar
Energy System: A New Rectifier Stage Topology”,