The document summarizes fat metabolism, including the digestion, transport, and breakdown of fats in the body. Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol then transported to cells. In cells, fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to break them into acetyl-CoA molecules to enter the Krebs cycle and generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Beta-oxidation occurs in cycles, breaking off two carbon units at a time to produce acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2, and ATP. Unsaturated fats require special enzymes and regulation controls the rate of fat metabolism and transport. Ketone bodies form when acetyl-CoA accumulates from breaking down fat for energy instead of carbohydrates
Triacylglycerol and compound lipid metabolismDipesh Tamrakar
Biosynthesis and metabolic regulation of triglyceride and other compound lipids: glycerophospholipids, sphingophospholipids, ether glycerolipids and glycolipids
Triacylglycerol and compound lipid metabolismDipesh Tamrakar
Biosynthesis and metabolic regulation of triglyceride and other compound lipids: glycerophospholipids, sphingophospholipids, ether glycerolipids and glycolipids
Fatty Acids are Aliphatic carboxylic acids and each animal species will have characteristic pattern of fatty acid composition. Thus, human body fat contains 50% oleic acid, 25% palmitic acid, 10% linoleic acid and 5% stearic acid.
explains the palmitate synthesis- which is most common FA stored in Adipose tissue , elongation system and Desaturation system, compares oxidation with synthesis.
Fatty acids can be liberated by simple hydrolysis of the ester bonds in triglycerides, but the insolubility of the triglycerides presents a problem; digestion occurs following dispersion of dietary fat into small particles with sufficiently exposed surface area for rapid attack by digestive enzymes. This is achieved by detergent action and mechanical mixing, with the detergent effect being supplied by several components, both in the diet and in the digestive juices, but especially by partially digested fats (fatty acid soaps and monacylglycerols) and by bile salts. (Cholic Acid)
Fatty Acids are Aliphatic carboxylic acids and each animal species will have characteristic pattern of fatty acid composition. Thus, human body fat contains 50% oleic acid, 25% palmitic acid, 10% linoleic acid and 5% stearic acid.
explains the palmitate synthesis- which is most common FA stored in Adipose tissue , elongation system and Desaturation system, compares oxidation with synthesis.
Fatty acids can be liberated by simple hydrolysis of the ester bonds in triglycerides, but the insolubility of the triglycerides presents a problem; digestion occurs following dispersion of dietary fat into small particles with sufficiently exposed surface area for rapid attack by digestive enzymes. This is achieved by detergent action and mechanical mixing, with the detergent effect being supplied by several components, both in the diet and in the digestive juices, but especially by partially digested fats (fatty acid soaps and monacylglycerols) and by bile salts. (Cholic Acid)
Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown and storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural and functional lipids, such as those involved in the construction of cell membranes. In animals, these fats are obtained from food and are synthesized by the liver. Lipogenesis is the process of synthesizing these fats. The majority of lipids found in the human body from ingesting food are triglycerides and cholesterol.[4] Other types of lipids found in the body are fatty acids and membrane lipids. Lipid metabolism is often considered as the digestion and absorption process of dietary fat; however, there are two sources of fats that organisms can use to obtain energy: from consumed dietary fats and from stored fat.[5] Vertebrates (including humans) use both sources of fat to produce energy for organs such as the heart to function. Since lipids are hydrophobic molecules, they need to be solubilized before their metabolism can begin. Lipid metabolism often begins with hydrolysis, which occurs with the help of various enzymes in the digestive system.Lipid metabolism also occurs in plants, though the processes differ in some ways when compared to animals.[8] The second step after the hydrolysis is the absorption of the fatty acids into the epithelial cells of the intestinal wall.[6] In the epithelial cells, fatty acids are packaged and transported to the rest of the body.[9]
Metabolic processes include lipid digestion, lipid absorption, lipid transportation, lipid storage, lipid catabolism, and lipid biosynthesis. Lipid catabolism is accomplished by a process known as beta oxidation which takes place in the mitochondria and peroxisome cell organelles.
Plants synthesise a huge variety of fatty acids although only a few are major and common constituents . Broadly speaking, long-chain fatty acids are synthesised de novo from small precursors ultimately derived from photosynthate.
De Novo Synthesis of fatty acids | Biosynthesis Of Fatty Acids |kiransharma204
This presentation contains De Novo Synthesis of fatty acids & Regulation of fatty acid synthesis
Books referred: https://www.amazon.in/Biochemistry-2019-Satyanarayana-Satyanarayana-Author/dp/B07WGHCTKZ/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=satyanarayan+books+biochemistry&qid=1590834248&sr=8-1
