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Advanced Cell Biology
2014 1nd Semester
Department of Animal Science
Chungbuk National University
1st Lecture
Basic Information about Courses
Lecturer : Suk Namgoong
Room 443, S21-5
suknamgoong@chungbuk.ac.kr
HP: 010-4103-2415
Biweekly : 1st, 3nd, 5th Thursday 9:00-12:00
Textbook and Materials
Main text : Cell biology, 2nd edition, Pollard & Earnshaw
Most of lecture material will be provided as ppt at
http://www.slideshare.net/suknamgoong
* Book is in my Office
Course Objectives
• To understand the molecular basis of life at
the cellular level
• Focusing on general principles and
molecular mechanisms.
• Therefore, we assume general knowledge of
Macromolecular structures and Chemical
bonds, equilibrium constants, and rate
constants
1st week : Introduction
3rd week : Basic principle of Cell component/
Research Strategoes
5nd week : Nucleus, Transcription and Splicing
7nd week : Membrane and Channel
9nd week : Membrane Trafficking
11nd week : Cell Signaling
13nd week : Cytoskeleton
15nd week : Cell Cycle
Syllabus
Cells
Basic Functional Units of all living organism
Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast
(MEF)
Cells
Evolution of Life
Prebiotic origin of life:
Details are uncertain; RNA may have dominated early biochemistry.
Common ancestor of all modern cells existed ~3.5 billion years ago with
about 600 genes.
Life diverged from this common origin by natural selection of favorable
random mutations.
Lateral transfer of genes among species has contributed to genetic
diversity during evolution.
Typical Eukaryotic cells were composed
with various component
Main difference with Eukaryotic and Procaryotic Cells
- Compartmentation by inner cell membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Lysosome
What is difference betweeen
complicated machine and living
cell?
Both are composed with various ‘component’
Performed as ‘defined’ task
What is difference between them?
General Characteristics of Living Cell
Self-Replication and Generation
Every cell has their own ‘design sheet’ as form of DNA
DNA-RNA-Protein
Macromolecules (Protein, DNA) assembled with each other and forms cellular structure
In Nucleus..
DNA is replicated in HERE
Transcriptions are carried out in HERE
Splicing are carried out in HERE
ER
Most Protein synthesis (Translation) happen in ER
Proteins were transported via ER and Golgi to their destination
Membrane / Cell-To-Cell Junction
Cytoskeleton
Transports
Chemical Principle of Cell Biology
Water
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Carbohydrate
Lipids
Uncharged
Polar Uncharged
Charged
Post-translational modification of amino acid
Important for regulation of proteins
Amino Acids = Polypeptides Covalent Bonds (공유결합)
Secondary Structure (Hydrogen Interactions)
Three-dimensional Structure of Protein determine their functions
What is main driving force for Three-dimensional structure of Protein folding?
Main driving force for tertiary structure formation : Van der waals interactions
Most protein are in water
Hydrophilic (charged, polar) amino acid residues tend to be in protein surface
Hydrophobic residues avoids water (core packing)
Three-dimensional Structure of Protein (and macromocules) determine their functions
To Understand how complicate machine works,
You should know the shape and function of each component
To Understand deeply function of a specific component, you need to know about structure of
functions
These approach are also same in proteins
Cas9-sgRNA-DNA Complex (Nureki et al., Cell 2014)
Some proteins have multiple conformations
It is difficult to understand how horse can run with this
single frame of picture..
But if we have series of still images of horse running,
we can figure out how horse can run..
To understand how to protein do their jobs, we need
Series of ‘snapshot’ structure.
GDP or GTP mediated
Conformational change of
Rab28 GTPase
Nucleic Acids
DNA conformation: most commonly a double helix with complementary TA and GC
base pairs.
Encode genetic information in sequence.
RNA structures take on highly diverse conformations, including helical regions with
complementary base pairs.
Structural RNA : Hammerhead ribozyme
Molecular Crowding : Cell is very packed..
Not like this
Cellular Transport inside Cells
More likely this
It will cost lots of energe for sure. 

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cell biology chapter 3.pdHHGHGHGHGHGHGHGGHGHf

  • 1. Advanced Cell Biology 2014 1nd Semester Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National University 1st Lecture
  • 2. Basic Information about Courses Lecturer : Suk Namgoong Room 443, S21-5 suknamgoong@chungbuk.ac.kr HP: 010-4103-2415 Biweekly : 1st, 3nd, 5th Thursday 9:00-12:00
  • 3. Textbook and Materials Main text : Cell biology, 2nd edition, Pollard & Earnshaw Most of lecture material will be provided as ppt at http://www.slideshare.net/suknamgoong * Book is in my Office
  • 4. Course Objectives • To understand the molecular basis of life at the cellular level • Focusing on general principles and molecular mechanisms. • Therefore, we assume general knowledge of Macromolecular structures and Chemical bonds, equilibrium constants, and rate constants
  • 5. 1st week : Introduction 3rd week : Basic principle of Cell component/ Research Strategoes 5nd week : Nucleus, Transcription and Splicing 7nd week : Membrane and Channel 9nd week : Membrane Trafficking 11nd week : Cell Signaling 13nd week : Cytoskeleton 15nd week : Cell Cycle Syllabus
  • 6. Cells Basic Functional Units of all living organism Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast (MEF)
  • 8. Evolution of Life Prebiotic origin of life: Details are uncertain; RNA may have dominated early biochemistry. Common ancestor of all modern cells existed ~3.5 billion years ago with about 600 genes. Life diverged from this common origin by natural selection of favorable random mutations. Lateral transfer of genes among species has contributed to genetic diversity during evolution.
  • 9. Typical Eukaryotic cells were composed with various component
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Main difference with Eukaryotic and Procaryotic Cells - Compartmentation by inner cell membrane Nucleus Mitochondria Lysosome
  • 14. What is difference betweeen complicated machine and living cell? Both are composed with various ‘component’ Performed as ‘defined’ task What is difference between them?
  • 15. General Characteristics of Living Cell Self-Replication and Generation
  • 16. Every cell has their own ‘design sheet’ as form of DNA DNA-RNA-Protein
  • 17. Macromolecules (Protein, DNA) assembled with each other and forms cellular structure
  • 18. In Nucleus.. DNA is replicated in HERE Transcriptions are carried out in HERE Splicing are carried out in HERE
  • 19. ER Most Protein synthesis (Translation) happen in ER Proteins were transported via ER and Golgi to their destination
  • 23. Chemical Principle of Cell Biology Water Proteins Nucleic Acids DNA RNA Carbohydrate Lipids
  • 24.
  • 26. Post-translational modification of amino acid Important for regulation of proteins
  • 27. Amino Acids = Polypeptides Covalent Bonds (공유결합)
  • 29. Three-dimensional Structure of Protein determine their functions What is main driving force for Three-dimensional structure of Protein folding?
  • 30. Main driving force for tertiary structure formation : Van der waals interactions Most protein are in water Hydrophilic (charged, polar) amino acid residues tend to be in protein surface Hydrophobic residues avoids water (core packing)
  • 31. Three-dimensional Structure of Protein (and macromocules) determine their functions
  • 32. To Understand how complicate machine works, You should know the shape and function of each component
  • 33. To Understand deeply function of a specific component, you need to know about structure of functions
  • 34. These approach are also same in proteins Cas9-sgRNA-DNA Complex (Nureki et al., Cell 2014)
  • 35. Some proteins have multiple conformations
  • 36. It is difficult to understand how horse can run with this single frame of picture.. But if we have series of still images of horse running, we can figure out how horse can run..
  • 37.
  • 38. To understand how to protein do their jobs, we need Series of ‘snapshot’ structure. GDP or GTP mediated Conformational change of Rab28 GTPase
  • 40. DNA conformation: most commonly a double helix with complementary TA and GC base pairs. Encode genetic information in sequence.
  • 41. RNA structures take on highly diverse conformations, including helical regions with complementary base pairs. Structural RNA : Hammerhead ribozyme
  • 42. Molecular Crowding : Cell is very packed..
  • 43. Not like this Cellular Transport inside Cells More likely this It will cost lots of energe for sure. 