Cell adhesion molecules and matrix proteins play important roles in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Cell adhesion molecules are cell surface proteins that can mediate either homophilic or heterophilic interactions between cells. They have an intracellular, transmembrane, and extracellular domain and are classified as either calcium-independent or calcium-dependent. Calcium-independent cell adhesion molecules include IgSF CAMs and lymphocyte homing receptors while calcium-dependent ones include integrins, cadherins, and selectins. Matrix proteins such as proteoglycans, collagens, elastins, fibronectins and laminins provide structure and allow cell adhesion, migration, and survival. Abnormalities in cell adhesion molecules and matrix proteins are

1. CELLADHESION MOLECULES AND
MATRIX PROTEINS
BY
SHIHANA.S
FIRST YEAR M.PHARM
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
1

2. CELLADHESION
 Cell combines to form tissues.
2

3. TYPES OF CELLADHESION
• CELL-CELLADHESION • CELL-MATRIX ADHESION
3

4. CELLADHESION MOLECULES (CAMs)
• Cell surface proteins
• Cell-cell adhesion may be homophilic or heterophilic interaction
• Specificity of cell-cell recognition
• Functions-
4

5. BIOLOGY OF CAMs
• An intracellular domain
• A transmembrane domain
• An extracellular domain
STRUCTURE OF CAMs
5

6. CLASSIFICATION OF CAMs
1. Calcium-independent
• IgSF CAMs
• Lymophocyte homing receptors
2. Calcium-dependent
• Integrins
• Cadherins
• Selectins
6

7. CALCIUM-INDEPENDENT CAMs
1. IgSF CAMs
• Homophilic or heterophilic-70-110 amino acids.
• Large group of cell surface molecules-VCAM, NCAM, ICAM,
Nectins and Necl.
2. Lymphocyte homing receptors
• Addressins
7

8. CALCIUM-DEPENDENT CAMs
• Integrins
o Heterodimeric proteins
o Structure
o Physiological role
8

9. • Cadherins
o Homophilic interaction-150 aminoacids.
o E,N,P
o ECD
9

10. • Selectins
o Heterophilic, bind with mucins
o E,L,P
o PSGL-1
1010

11. ROLE OF CELLADHESION MOLECULES IN VARIOUS
DISEASES
• Inflammation
• Ischemic stroke
• Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Coronary artery disease
• Cancer-metastasis,prostate cancer
11

12. MATRIX PROTEINS
12
• Cell shapes, migration, proliferation, cell survival and metabolism.
• Consists of protein-carbohydrate complexes.
• Biology

13. CLASSIFICATION
1. Proteoglycans
2. Glycoproteins
• Structural proteins- Collagen and Elastin
• Adhesive proteins- Fibronectin and laminin
13

14. 1. Proteoglycans
• Core proteins-covalently attached to long non-branched chains of GAGs.
• Hyaluronic acids, chondroitin sulfates, dermatan sulfates, heparin sulfate.
• Polysaccharide content 95%.
2. Glycoproteins
• Short branched oligosaccharides.
• Carbohydrate content less than 10%.
• Different types of glycoproteins.
14

15. STRUCTURAL GLYCOPROTEINS
15
 Collagen
• 25% of total content, 29 types.
• Stiff triple helix-3 peptide chains.
• Monosaccharides and disaccharides.
• Fibrillar collgens.

16. Elastin
16
• Does not form stiff triple helix.
• Consists of flexible polypeptides.
• Microfibrils 10-20nm in diameter-fibrillins.

17. ADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS
17
 Fibronectins
o Bind with other matrix proteins(strongest binding with collagen-III).
o Guide cellular movement.
o 20 types

18. Laminin
18
• Cross linked trimeric adhesive proteins.
• Flexible-3 polypedtide chain(,,)-disulfide bond.

19. ROLE OF MATRIX PROTEINS IN VARIOUS DISEASES
1. Endocrine diseases
• Chronic pancreatitis- pancreatic fibrosis, chronic inflammatory
disease.
• Renal hypertrophy
2. Collagenosis
3. Cancer
4. COPD
5. Infectious diseases
19

20. REFERENCE
1. Harsh Mohan. Text book of Pathology. 5th edition: 31,137-138.
2. Robbins and Cortan. Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th edition:72-77.
3. Cyrus C, Jones EY. The Molecular Structure of Cell Adhesion Molecules.
Annual Review of Biochemistry. 1997; 66: 823–62.
4. Alexandros D, Athanasios GP, Michael C, Eleni E, Meletios AD. The Role
of Cell Adhesion Molecules (integrins / cadherins) in Prostate Cancer.
International Brazilian Society of Urology. 2011; 37(3): 302-306.
5. Zerrin S University of Anatolia, Department of Pharmacology. Cellular
Adhesion and Adhesion Molecules. Turkish Journal of Biology. 2001; 25: 1-
15.
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_adhesion_molecule.
20

21. THANK YOU
21