Cavite Mutiny - Readings in Philippine History

1. Cavite Mutiny of 1872
Mutiny or
Revolution?

2. The primary cause of the mutiny is
believed to be an order from Governor-
General Rafael de Izquierdo to subject
the soldiers of the Engineering and
Artillery Corps to personal taxes, from
which they were previously exempt.
CAVITY MUTINY

3. They are required to pay
monetary sum
T _ _ B _ _O

4. They are required to pay
monetary sum
T R I B U T O

5. Mandatory work for males
aging from 16 – 60.
P_ _ _ Y _E _ _I_ _O

6. Mandatory work for males aging
from 16 – 60.
POLO Y SERVICIO

7. Around 200 locally recruited
colonial troops and laborers rose up
in the belief that it would elevate to
a national uprising

8. Their leader was Fernando La Madrid,
a mestizo sergeant with his second in
command Jaerel Brent Pedro, a
moreno. They seized Fort San Felipe
and killed eleven Spanish officers.

9. The mutineers thought that
fellow Filipino indigenous
soldiers in Manila would join
them in a concerted uprising,
the signal being the firing of
rockets from the city walls on
that night.

10. Unfortunately, what they
thought to be the signal was
actually a burst of fireworks in
celebration of the feast of Our
Lady of Loreto, the patron of
Sampaloc

11. On January 27, 1872, Governor-
General Rafael Izquierdo approved
the death sentences on forty-one
(41) of the mutineers. On February
6, eleven more were sentenced to
death, but these were later
commuted to life imprisonment.

12. The mutiny was used by the colonial
government and Spanish friars to
implicate three secular priests,
Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and
Jacinto Zamora, collectively known as
GOMBURZA. They were executed by
garrote on the Luneta field, on 17th
February 1872.

13. CAVITE MUTINY
OR
REVOLUTION

14. MUTINY
An organized rebellion against
a legally constituted authority,
especially by subordinates
against their officers.

15. REVOLUTION
• Political upheaval in a government or
nation-state state characterized by great
change.
• The removal and replacement of a
government.

16. FILIPINO
VERSION
(MUTINY)
SPANISH
VERSION
(REVOLUTION)
Different Versions

17. SPANISH
VERSION
• Jose Montero y
Vidal (Lawyer and
Spanish
Adminsitrator)
• Governor-General
Rafael Izquerdo

18. FILIPINO
VERSION
• Dr. Trinidad
Hermenigildo
Pardo de Tavera
• Edmund Paluchut

19. Montero’s Account of the Cavite Mutiny
• The causes of the revolution according to the account of Mondero,
following are the causes of the revolution:
a. Spanish revolution that threw a secular throne
b. Spanish press
c. Democratic and republican books and pamphlets
d. Speeches and preachings of the apostles of these new ideas in Spain
e. Outbursts of the American publicists
f. Criminal policy of the of the senseless Governor whom the Revolution
government sent to govern the Philippines
▪ Claim that the native clergy assisted the revolution
▪ The mutineers gather at the house of Tavera and Jacinto Zamora

20. Izquerdo’s Account of the Cavite Mutiny
• In particular, Izquierdo blamed the unruly Spanish Press for “stockpili
malicious propagandas grasped by the Filipinos.
• He reported to the King of Spain that the “rebels” wanted to overthrow
Spanish government to install a new “hari” in the likes of Fathers Burgos a
Zamora.
• The governor added that the native clergy enticed other participants by giv
them charismatic assurance that their fight will not fail because God is w
them coupled with handsome promises of rewards such as employme
wealth, and ranks in the army.
• Izquierdo, in his report, lambasted the Indios as gullible and possessed
innate propensity for stealing.

21. Tavera’s Account of the Cavite Mutiny
• Dissatisfaction of workers and native army members with the abolition
privileges.
• Blamed Governor-General Izquerdo’s “cold-blooded” policies:
a. Abolition of privileges of workers and native army members
b. Prohibition of the founding of a school of arts and trades for Filipin
which the governor believes is a cover-up for the organization o
political club.

22. Plauchut’s Account of the Cavite Mutiny
• Blamed Governor-General Izquerdo for ending the reforms which are aimed
the previous governor general and the people
• Izquerdo suspended the opening of the Manila a Society of Arts and Trad
and mandated the payment of taxes and forced labor
• The Spanish showcase the mutiny as a part of a greater conspiracy in
Philippines by Filipinos to overthrow the Spanish Government.

23. Prepared by:
Cheryl D. Ablasi