2. • Proclaimed on June 12, 1898 by General Emilio
Aguinaldo
• Proclaimed at Kawit, Cavite
• The Philippine flag was officially hoisted in public
PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE
3. • Made in Hong Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza
Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza.
THE PHILIPPINE FLAG
4. • Performed by the Marcha Filipina Magdalo
• The national anthem is known as Lupang Hinirang
• Composed by Julián Felipe
• Played by the San Francisco de Malabon marching
band.
THE NATIONAL ANTHEM
5. • Prepared, written, and read by Ambrosio Rianzares
Bautista in Spanish.
• It is a short 2,000 word document.
• The Declaration was signed by 98 people among
them a United States Army officer who witnessed the
proclamation
The Act of the Declaration of Independence
6. The Declaration is currently housed in the National Library of
the Philippines. It is not on public display but it can be viewed
with permission like any other document held by the National
Library.
During the Philippine–American War, the American
government captured and sent to the United States about
400,000 historical documents. In 1958, the documents were
given to the Philippine government along with two sets of
microfilm of the entire collection, with the U.S. Federal
Government keeping one set.
7. Sometime in the 1980s or 1990s, the Declaration was
stolen from the National Library. As part of a larger
investigation into the widespread theft of historical
documents and a subsequent public appeal for the
return of stolen documents, the Declaration was
returned to the National Library in 1994 by historian
and University of the Philippines professor Milagros
Guerrero, who mediated the return of the documents
9. Guiding Questions:
a. What are the main points of the of the document?
b. According to the document, what are the reasons behind the
revolution against Spain? Are there reasons mentioned in our
discussions which are not included in the document?
c. What does the document say about Rizal’s execution and the
Cavity Mutiny?
d. What does the content of the document says about the
government under Aguinaldo?
e. What historical truths did you discover about the Philippine
flag which does not match with what you have learn in your
elementary/high school days?
10. What is the content of the document?
Overall, the document brief historical overview of the
Spanish occupation, since Magellan’s arrival in Visayas
until the Philippine revolution. It also summarize the
reasons behind the revolution against Spain, the war for
the independence and the future of the new republic
under Emilio Aguinaldo.
11. What are the reasons behind the
revolution?
• Abuses and inequalities in the colony
• Abuse by the Civil Guards and the unlawful shooting of
prisoners
• Unequal protection of the law between the Filipino people
and the eminent personages
• Unjust deportation and rendering of other decision without
proper hearing
12. What does the document say about Rizal’s
execution and the Cavity Mutiny?
• Call it unjust
• Done to please the greedy body of friars in their
insatiable desire to seek revenge upon those who
opposed them.
• The execution of the three martyr priest is unfair.
Their innocent blood was shed through the intrigues
of those so-called religious orders.
13. What does the content of the document
says about the government under
Aguinaldo?
• The proclamation of independence invokes that the
established republic would be led under the
dictatorship of Emilio Aguinaldo.
14. Truths about the National Flag
• The white triangle represents the
distinctive emblem of the Katipunan
Society, which by means of its compact of
blood urged of the masses of the people to
insurrection
15. Truths about the National Flag
• The three stars represent the three main
islands in the Philippines namely Luzon,
Panay and Mindanao.
16. Truths about the National Flag
• The red and blue colors of the flag are
often associated with courage and peace
but they were actually taken from the flag
of the United States.
