This document provides an overview of computers, including their components, uses, and impact on society. It defines computers as electronic devices that convert data into information. Computers have hardware, software, and can process data quickly and accurately. They are used for a variety of tasks at home, in education, business, industry, government, and healthcare. The document also categorizes different types of computers based on size and use, from desktops and laptops to servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Overall, the document outlines how computers store and manage information, which has been crucial to the development of modern society.

2. Lecture #: 1
By: Muhammad Sohail Rashid

3.  Computer is an electronic device that convert
data into information for future use. i.e. human
resource planning.
 It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process
data.
 You can use a computer to type documents,
send email, play games, and browse the Web.

4.  Software: Set of instruction that tell the
computer what to do and how to do. i.e.
application software (Ms Office) & system
software (Windows 10).
 Hardware: Physical component of computer that is
use for input and output purpose. i.e. Mouse &
Keyboard
 Data: Raw facts and figure.
 Information: Processed form of data.

5.  Transformation Process
 Hardware Components
 For Input Purpose
Input Process Output
Arithmetical Calculations

6.  For Output Purpose
 Users: Peoples who use computer and tell the
computer what to do.

7.  Fast Processing
 Accuracy
 Storage
 Recalling
 Consistency
 Cost Reduction
 Control Sequence
 Multitasking
 No Feeling
 Arithmetical and logical solution

8.  Desktop Computers
 The most common type of computer
 Sits on the desk or floor
 Performs a variety of tasks
 Workstations
 Most powerful than a desktop
 Specialized computers
 Optimized for science, engineering
 & graphics works

9.  Notebook Computers/Laptop
 Small portable computers
 Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds
 About 8 ½ by 17 inches
 Typically as powerful as a desktop
 Can include a docking station
 Tablet Computers
 Newest development in portable
computers
 Input is through a pen
 Run specialized versions of
office products

10.  Handheld Computers
 Very small computers
 Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)(Stylus)
 Note taking or contact management
 Data can synchronize with a desktop
 Smart Phones
 Hybrid of cell phone and PDA
 Web surfing, e-mail access

11. For Organizations
 Network Server Computer
 Centralized computer
 All other computers connect
 Provides access to network resources
 Multiple servers are called server farms
 Often simply a powerful desktop
 Mainframe Computer
 Used in large organizations
 Handle thousands
of users
 Users access through a terminal

12.  Minicomputers
 Called midrange computers
 Power between mainframe and desktop
 Handle hundreds of users
 Used in smaller organizations
 Users access through a terminal
 Supercomputers
 The most powerful computers
made
 Handle large and complex
calculations
 Process trillions of operations
per second
 Found in research organizations

13. For Society
 More impact than any other invention
 Changed work and leisure activities
 Used by all demographic groups
 Computers are important because:
 Provide information to users
 Information is critical to our society
 Managing information is difficult

14.  Computers at home
 Many homes have multiple computers
 Computers are used for
 Business
 Entertainment
 Communication
 Education
 Computers in education
 Computer literacy required at all levels

15.  Computers in small business
 Makes businesses more profitable
 Allows owners to manage
 Computers in industry
 Computers are used to design products
 Assembly lines are automated

16.  Computers in government
 Necessary to track data for population
 Police officers
 Tax calculation and collection
 Governments were the first computer users
 Computers in health care
 Revolutionized health care
 New treatments possible
 Scheduling of patients has improved
 Delivery of medicine is safer