This is seventh chapter, which is intended to help aspirants of various competitive exams and also to faculties in this field to enhance their performance. any suggestion to improve this is always welcomed.
This is seventh chapter, which is intended to help aspirants of various competitive exams and also to faculties in this field to enhance their performance. any suggestion to improve this is always welcomed.
ArgumentsA. Arguments are found in many texts and media .docxjewisonantone
Arguments
A.
Arguments are found in many texts and media and it is important to be able to recognize, formulate, and evaluate arguments. Doing well in this class will depend upon whether you can acquire and improve these three skills. We will be concentrating on the arguments found in the philosophy texts we are reading this semester, but this skill is something you should carry with you through the rest of your college career and beyond.
Recognizing an argument is the first step in the process. An argument is where a claim is stated and it is supported by evidence. The claim is the conclusion of the argument and the evidence is known as the premises. In an argument, the conclusion follows from the premises, or, more specifically, the premises connect together in such a way that one can draw an inference from them, i.e., the conclusion.
But recognition of argument is not sufficient. One must also be able to formulate the argument. This involves listing the premises as well as unstated assumptions so one can see more clearly how the conclusion follows from the premises. This task will at first seem tedious and frustrating, but like anything else, the more you practice, the better you will get. Hopefully, you find this exercise beneficial and enlightening.
Here are some sample arguments:
1) All men are mortal.
Socrates is a man.
Socrates is mortal.
2) If there is snow on the ground, it must be cold.
There is snow on the ground.
It must be cold.
3) Animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.
Walruses, an animal, are not invertebrates.
Walruses are vertebrates.
4) It rained almost every day in April for the last three years.
April is a rainy month.
B.
Not all texts will contain arguments. Some passages will just contain a description, explanation, or dialogue. Here are some examples.
1) Tuesday is the second day of the week.
2) If you do not exercise, you will not be healthy.
3) There are many students who attend state universities. Some explanation for this is that state universities are affordable and offer a variety of disciplines to study.
4) Parent: “You have not cleaned up your room this week.”
Child: “Yes I have.”
Parent: “No, I am afraid your room is still messy.”
Child: “But I have.”
Parent: “No you haven’t, at least not according to me.”
Child: “Well, according to me, I have.”
This last example may seem like an argument because we call it an argument. But this is using the word equivocally, that is using the same word to signify two different things. Example 4 is a disagreement, which does not always constitute an argument. There are no premises to support any claims being made in this example. Further, one should recognize that Example 2 is only a conditional claim and not an argument. A conditional claim is composed of an antecedent and a consequence. One must also affirm the antec.
This is a short free early version GAMSAT Practice test.
For the most current version please go to the PagingDr Forum.
If you use this test, please assist by contributing further questions or suggestions.
ArgumentsA. Arguments are found in many texts and media .docxjewisonantone
Arguments
A.
Arguments are found in many texts and media and it is important to be able to recognize, formulate, and evaluate arguments. Doing well in this class will depend upon whether you can acquire and improve these three skills. We will be concentrating on the arguments found in the philosophy texts we are reading this semester, but this skill is something you should carry with you through the rest of your college career and beyond.
Recognizing an argument is the first step in the process. An argument is where a claim is stated and it is supported by evidence. The claim is the conclusion of the argument and the evidence is known as the premises. In an argument, the conclusion follows from the premises, or, more specifically, the premises connect together in such a way that one can draw an inference from them, i.e., the conclusion.
But recognition of argument is not sufficient. One must also be able to formulate the argument. This involves listing the premises as well as unstated assumptions so one can see more clearly how the conclusion follows from the premises. This task will at first seem tedious and frustrating, but like anything else, the more you practice, the better you will get. Hopefully, you find this exercise beneficial and enlightening.
Here are some sample arguments:
1) All men are mortal.
Socrates is a man.
Socrates is mortal.
2) If there is snow on the ground, it must be cold.
There is snow on the ground.
It must be cold.
3) Animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.
Walruses, an animal, are not invertebrates.
Walruses are vertebrates.
4) It rained almost every day in April for the last three years.
April is a rainy month.
B.
Not all texts will contain arguments. Some passages will just contain a description, explanation, or dialogue. Here are some examples.
1) Tuesday is the second day of the week.
2) If you do not exercise, you will not be healthy.
3) There are many students who attend state universities. Some explanation for this is that state universities are affordable and offer a variety of disciplines to study.
4) Parent: “You have not cleaned up your room this week.”
Child: “Yes I have.”
Parent: “No, I am afraid your room is still messy.”
Child: “But I have.”
Parent: “No you haven’t, at least not according to me.”
Child: “Well, according to me, I have.”
This last example may seem like an argument because we call it an argument. But this is using the word equivocally, that is using the same word to signify two different things. Example 4 is a disagreement, which does not always constitute an argument. There are no premises to support any claims being made in this example. Further, one should recognize that Example 2 is only a conditional claim and not an argument. A conditional claim is composed of an antecedent and a consequence. One must also affirm the antec.
This is a short free early version GAMSAT Practice test.
For the most current version please go to the PagingDr Forum.
If you use this test, please assist by contributing further questions or suggestions.
Easiest Way to Write a Thesis StatementCustomWriting
This useful and detailed guide will help you create great thesis statements easily and without any trouble at all!
Great tips created by our academic professionals with over 6 years of experience.
Looking for more academic help?
Check out our website: www.custom-writing.org
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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Rules for syllogisms
5
For existence of conclusion
1. The two premises should have exactly 3 terms, with a middle term
2. The middle term should be distributed in at least one premise
3. Both the premises negative no conclusion
4. Both the premises particular no conclusion
For nature of conclusion
1. Middle term should not appear in the conclusion
2. Two affirmative premises affirmative conclusion
3. One premise negative negative conclusion
4. One premise particular particular conclusion
5. A term that is not distributed in the premise cannot be distributed in the
conclusion
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Practice Questions
Each question consists of five statements followed by options consisting of three
statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a
valid argument, that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the
preceding two statements.
A. Apples are not sweets. B. Some apples are sweet.
C. All sweets are tasty. D. Some apples are not tasty.
E. No apple is tasty.
1. CEA
2. BDC
3. CBD
4. EAC
Answer: option 1
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Practice Questions
Each question consists of five statements followed by options consisting of three
statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a
valid argument, that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the
preceding two statements.
A. Some towns in India are polluted.
B. All polluted towns should be destroyed.
C. Town Meghana should be destroyed.
D. Town Meghana is polluted.
E. Some towns in India should be destroyed.
1. BDE
2. BAE
3. ADE
4. CDB
Answer: option 2
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Practice Questions
Each question consists of five statements followed by options consisting of three
statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a
valid argument, that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the
preceding two statements.
A. All software companies employ knowledge workers.
B. Tara Tech employs knowledge workers.
C. Tara Tech is a software company.
D. Some software companies employ knowledge workers.
E. Tara Tech employs only knowledge workers.
1. ABC
2. ACB
3. CDB
4. ACE
Answer: option 2
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Practice Questions
Each question consists of five statements followed by options consisting of three
statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a
valid argument, that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the
preceding two statements.
A. Traffic congestion increases carbon monoxide in the environment.
B. Increase in carbon monoxide is hazardous to health.
C. Traffic congestion is hazardous to health.
D. Some traffic congestion does not cause increased carbon monoxide.
E. Some traffic congestion is not hazardous to health.
1. CBA
2. BDE
3. CDE
4. BAC
Answer: option 4
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Practice Questions
Each question contains four arguments of three sentences each. Choose the set in
which the third statement is a logical conclusion of the first two.
A. Some Xs are Ps. Some Ps are Ys. Some Xs are Ys.
B. All Sonas are bright. Some bright are crazy. Some Sonas are crazy.
C. No faith is strong. Only strong have biceps. No faith has biceps.
D. All men are weak. Some weak are strong. Some strong are weak.
1. A and D
2. C only
3. D only
4. None of these
Answer: option 2
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Practice Questions
Each question contains four arguments of three sentences each. Choose the set in
which the third statement is a logical conclusion of the first two.
A. Some icicles are cycles. All cycles are men. Some icicles are men.
B. All girls are teeth. No teeth is yellow. No girls are yellow.
C. No hand is foot. Some foot are heads. Some hands are heads.
D. Every man has a wife. All wives are devoted. No devoted has a
husband.
1) A, B and C
2) A and B
3) C and B
4) A, B and C and D
Answer: option 2
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Practice Questions
Given below are six statements followed by sets of three. You are to mark the
option in which the statements are most logically related.
1. Some pins are made of tin
2. All tin is made of copper
3. All copper is used for pins
4. Some pins are used for tin
5. Some tin is copper
6. Some copper is used for tin
A. 123
B. 356
C. 341
D. 125
Answer: option A
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Practice Questions
Given below are six statements followed by sets of three. You are to mark
the option in which the statements are most logically related.
1. An ostrich lays eggs
2. All birds lay eggs
3. Some birds can fly
4. An ostrich cannot fly
5. An ostrich is a bird
6. An ostrich cannot swim
A. 251
B. 135
C. 453
D. 532
Answer: option A
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Practice Questions
Given below are six statements followed by sets of three. You are to mark
the option in which the statements are most logically related.
1. Some paper is wood
2. All wood is good
3. All that is good is wood
4. All wood is paper
5. All paper is good
6. Some paper is good
A. 254
B. 235
C. 246
D. More than one of the above
Answer: option D
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Practice Questions
Given below are six statements followed by sets of three. You are to mark
the option in which the statements are most logically related.
1) All bricks are tricks
2) Some tricks are shrieks
3) Some that are shrieks are bricks
4) Some tricks are not bricks
5) All tricks are shrieks
6) No tricks are shrieks
A. 513
B. 234
C. 123
D. More than one of the above Answer: option D
